1.东北农业大学公共管理学院, 哈尔滨 150030
2.东北农业大学工程学院, 哈尔滨 150030
张帆(1987—),女,博士,副教授,主要从事耕地保护与粮食安全政策研究。E-mail:zhangfan871120@163.com
程镝(1975—),女,博士,教授,主要从事城乡公共治理研究。E-mail:chengdi@neau.edu.cn
收稿:2025-11-17,
修回:2026-02-09,
录用:2026-03-15,
网络首发:2026-05-14,
纸质出版:2026-08-28
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张帆,贺圣恩,程镝.双维视角下保护性耕作对粮食生产气候适应能力的影响[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(4):252-261.
Zhang Fan, He Shengen, Cheng Di. Impacts of conservation tillage on climate adaptability of grain production from a dual-dimensional perspective[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2026, 40(4):252-261.
张帆,贺圣恩,程镝.双维视角下保护性耕作对粮食生产气候适应能力的影响[J].水土保持学报,2026,40(4):252-261. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.039. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.04.039.
Zhang Fan, He Shengen, Cheng Di. Impacts of conservation tillage on climate adaptability of grain production from a dual-dimensional perspective[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2026, 40(4):252-261. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2026.04.039. CSTR: 32310.14.stbcxb.2026.04.039.
目的
2
为探讨保护性耕作能否及如何提升粮食生产气候适应能力,并揭示其在主动应对与被动适应双重维度上的异质性效应。
方法
2
基于2012—2022年中国黑龙江省44个样本县的面板数据,构建“主动应对-被动适应”双维能力评价框架,运用Tobit模型、系统GMM模型、双重机器学习和空间杜宾模型等方法,实证检验保护性耕作对气候适应能力的影响。
结果
2
1) 2012—2022年黑龙江省粮食生产气候适应能力总体呈“先降后升”的演化特征,2017年为关键转折点,空间上由早期高值区零散分布演变为“东高西低”的分异格局。2) 保护性耕作对主动应对能力具有显著正向影响,但对被动适应能力的影响不显著。系统GMM结果显示,粮食生产气候适应能力的一阶滞后项显著为正,说明其提升具有路径依赖和动态累积特征。空间分析表明,保护性耕作对主动应对能力的直接效应为0.119,间接效应为0.711,间接效应占主导,空间溢出效应显著。3) 保护性耕作对主动应对能力的提升效果在经济发展水平较高及地形平缓的区域更为显著。
结论
2
保护性耕作能够显著提升粮食生产气候适应能力,其作用主要表现为增强主动应对能力,并具有路径依赖和空间溢出特征。研究结果可为农业气候适应政策的双维优化和粮食生产系统韧性提升提供依据。
Objective
2
This study aims to examine whether and how conservation tillage improves the climate adaptability of grain production, revealing its heterogeneous effects from a dual-dimensional perspective of proactive response and passive adaptation.
Methods
2
Based on panel data from 44 sample counties in Heilongjiang Province, China, from 2012 to 2022, a dual-dimensional evaluation framework was established incorporating proactive response and passive adaptation. The Tobit models, system generalized method of moments (GMM), double machine learning, and spatial Durbin models were employed to empirically test the impacts of conservation tillage on climate adaptability.
Results
2
1) From 2012 to 2022, the climate adaptability of grain production in Heilongjiang Province exhibited an overall evolution pattern of first declining and then rising, with 2017 as a key turning point. Spatially, the pattern evolved from a scattered distribution of high-value areas in the early stage to a distinct east-west differentiation, with high-value areas in the east and low-value areas in the west. 2) Conservation tillage had a significantly positive effect on proactive response, but no significant effect on passive adaptation. The system GMM results showed that the first-order lag term of climate adaptability was significantly positive, indicating that the adaptability improvement showed evident path dependence and dynamic accumulation characteristics. Spatial analysis further demonstrated that the direct and indirect effects of conservation tillage on proactive response were 0.119 and 0.711, respectively, with indirect effect playing a dominant role, indicating a significant spatial spillover effect. 3) The effect of conservation tillage on improving proactive response was more pronounced in regions with higher levels of economic development and flatter terrain.
Conclusion
2
Conservation tillage can significantly improve the climate adaptability of grain production, mainly by strengthening proactive response, and exhibits evident path dependence and spatial spillover characteristics. The research findings provide a basis for optimizing agricultural climate adaptation policies from a dual-dimensional perspective and for enhancing the resilience of grain production systems.
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