生物炭与菌肥联用改良盐碱地的减排增产效应

秦健杰; 杨威; 张如鑫; 张雨迪; 任恩良; 季文涛; 屈忠义

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.038

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生物炭与菌肥联用改良盐碱地的减排增产效应

更新时间：2025-03-14

- 生物炭与菌肥联用改良盐碱地的减排增产效应
- Greenhouse Gas Mitigation and Yield Response to Biochar-Microbial Amendment in Saline-Alkali Soil
- 水土保持学报 2025年39卷第1期页码：274-283
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院,内蒙古,包头,014010
  2. 内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院,呼和浩特,010011
  3. 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,呼和浩特,010018
  4. 内蒙古科技大学矿业与煤炭学院,内蒙古,包头,014010
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "秦健杰(1998—), 男, 在读硕士研究生, 主要从事盐渍化土壤固碳减排研究。E-mail: qjj112358@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(52279037, 52109056)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.038
  中图分类号： S14;S153.6
- 纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
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秦健杰, 杨威, 张如鑫, 等. 生物炭与菌肥联用改良盐碱地的减排增产效应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2025,39(1):274-283.

QIN Jianjie, YANG Wei, ZHANG Ruxin, et al. Greenhouse Gas Mitigation and Yield Response to Biochar-Microbial Amendment in Saline-Alkali Soil[J]. 2025, 39(1): 274-283.
秦健杰, 杨威, 张如鑫, 等. 生物炭与菌肥联用改良盐碱地的减排增产效应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2025,39(1):274-283. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.038.

QIN Jianjie, YANG Wei, ZHANG Ruxin, et al. Greenhouse Gas Mitigation and Yield Response to Biochar-Microbial Amendment in Saline-Alkali Soil[J]. 2025, 39(1): 274-283. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.038.

摘要

目的为探讨生物炭和微生物菌肥联合施用对盐碱地覆膜滴灌葵花田土壤温室气体排放和葵花产量的影响。方法通过设置生物炭(0、7.5、15 t/hm2)和微生物菌肥(0、112.5、225 kg/hm2)的不同施用量组合，在内蒙古河套灌区盐碱地开展田间试验。利用静态暗箱-气相色谱法监测温室气体排放，分析土壤理化性质变化、综合增温潜势(GWP)及葵花产量。结果1) 与对照处理(0 t/hm2生物炭+0 kg/hm2微生物菌肥)相比，7.5 t/hm2生物炭+225 kg/hm2微生物菌肥处理下，土壤有机碳、速效磷、速效钾质量分数分别增加63.9%、155.7%和46.8%。2)与对照处理相比，7.5 t/hm2生物炭+225 kg/hm2微生物菌肥处理下，CO2累积排放量由4 373 kg/hm2降至-394.3 kg/hm2，CH4累积排放量由-0.08 kg/hm2增至0.1 kg/hm2，N2O累积排放量由0.23 kg/hm2降至-0.09 kg/hm2，GWP由4 438.3 kg/hm2降低至-417.2 kg/hm2。3)15 t/hm2生物炭+225 kg/hm2微生物菌肥处理下，葵花产量达到4 137.5 kg/hm2，较对照处理(2 968.7 kg/hm2)增加39.4%。4)Mantel test分析显示，葵花产量与土壤理化性质呈极显著相关(p＜0.01)；CO2排放与铵态氮、含水率、N2O排放与硝态氮、CH4排放与硝态氮均呈显著或极显著相关(p＜0.05)。结论生物炭和微生物菌肥联合施用能够同时改良盐碱土壤、减少温室气体排放和提高葵花产量，其中，7.5 t/hm2生物炭+225 kg/hm2微生物菌肥是最佳组合。此技术为盐碱地农业生产中的温室气体减排和作物增产提供新策略。

Abstract

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of combined application of biochar and microbial fertilizer on greenhouse gas emissions and sunflower yield in saline-alkali soil under plastic film mulching and drip irrigation.MethodsField experiments were conducted in saline-alkali soil in the Hetao Irrigation Area of Inner Mongolia

with different combinations of biochar (0

7.5

15 t/hm2) and microbial fertilizer (0

112.5

225 kg/hm2). Greenhouse gas emissions were monitored using static chamber-gas chromatography method. Changes in soil physicochemical properties

global warming potential (GWP)

and sunflower yield were analyzed.Results1) Compared with the control (0 t/hm2 biochar+0 kg/hm2 microbial fertilizer)

the treatment of 7.5 t/hm2 biochar+225 kg/hm2 microbial fertilizer increased soil organic carbon

available phosphorus

and available potassium contents by 63.9%

155.7%

and 46.8%

respectively. 2) Compared to the control

the treatment with 7.5 t/hm2 biochar +225 kg/hm2 microbial fertilizer reduced cumulative CO2 emissions from 4 373 kg/hm2 to -394.3 kg/hm2

increased cumulative CH4 emissions from -0.08 kg/hm2 to 0.1 kg/hm2

reduced cumulative N2O emissions from 0.23 kg/hm2 to -0.09 kg/hm2

and decreased GWP from 4 438.3 kg/hm2 to -417.2 kg/hm2. 3) Under the treatment of 15 t/hm2 biochar+225 kg/hm2 microbial fertilizer

sunflower yield reached 4 137.5 kg/hm2

which was increased by 39.4% compared with the control (2 968 kg/hm2). 4) Mantel test analysis revealed that sunflower yield was extremely significantly correlated with soil physicochemical properties (p < 0.01); CO2 emissions were significantly correlated with ammonium-nitrogen content and soil moisture

N2O emissions were significantly correlated with nitrate-nitrogen content

and CH4 emissions were extremely significantly correlated with nitrate-nitrogen content (p < 0.05).ConclusionCombined application of biochar and microbial fertilizer can simultaneously improve saline-alkali soil

reduce greenhouse gas emissions

and increase sunflower yield

with 7.5 t/hm2 biochar+225 kg/hm2 microbial fertilizer being the optimal combination. This technique provides a new strategy for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in agricultural production and increasing crop yields on saline-alkali soils.

关键词

Keywords

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