湘中丘陵区4个树种人工纯林土壤-微生物-胞外酶C∶N∶P化学计量特征

卢巧露; 方晰; 范世才; 孙龙; 孙百慧; 梁婷婷; 李毅

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.037

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湘中丘陵区4个树种人工纯林土壤-微生物-胞外酶C∶N∶P化学计量特征

更新时间：2025-03-14

- 湘中丘陵区4个树种人工纯林土壤-微生物-胞外酶C∶N∶P化学计量特征
- Soil-microbe-exoenzyme C∶N∶P Stoichiometric Characteristics in Artificial Pure Forests of Four Tree Species in the Hilly Region of Central Hunan
- 水土保持学报 2025年39卷第1期页码：239-248
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中南林业科技大学生命与环境科学学院,长沙,410004
  2. 湖南会同杉木林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 湖南会同,438107
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "卢巧露(2000—), 女, 在读硕士研究生, 主要从事生物技术与环境工程研究。E-mail: 358819157@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(U23A20154)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.037
  中图分类号： S714.1
- 纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
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卢巧露, 方晰, 范世才, 等. 湘中丘陵区4个树种人工纯林土壤-微生物-胞外酶C∶N∶P化学计量特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2025,39(1):239-248.

LU Qiaolu, FANG Xi, FAN Shicai, et al. Soil-microbe-exoenzyme C∶N∶P Stoichiometric Characteristics in Artificial Pure Forests of Four Tree Species in the Hilly Region of Central Hunan[J]. 2025, 39(1): 239-248.
卢巧露, 方晰, 范世才, 等. 湘中丘陵区4个树种人工纯林土壤-微生物-胞外酶C∶N∶P化学计量特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2025,39(1):239-248. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.037.

LU Qiaolu, FANG Xi, FAN Shicai, et al. Soil-microbe-exoenzyme C∶N∶P Stoichiometric Characteristics in Artificial Pure Forests of Four Tree Species in the Hilly Region of Central Hunan[J]. 2025, 39(1): 239-248. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.037.

摘要

目的不同树种人工林因养分吸收利用策略的差异，导致土壤碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)质量分数及其化学计量比的改变显著影响土壤微生物活性，土壤微生物是否通过调整自身生物量和胞外酶化学计量比适应土壤的变化仍不明确。为探究不同树种人工林对土壤微生物生物量和胞外酶活性的影响，研究土壤-微生物-胞外酶C∶N∶P化学计量比之间的协变性。方法以湘中丘陵区土壤发育、经营历史一致，不同生活型的4个树种[针叶树马尾松(Pinus massoniana)、落叶阔叶树枫香(Liquidaar formosana)、常绿阔叶树木荷(Schima superba)和杜英(Elaeocarpus decipiens)]人工林作为研究对象，测定0~40 cm土层C、N、P质量分数，微生物生物量碳(Cmic)、氮(Nmic)、磷(Pmic)和微生物获取C(β-1，4-葡萄糖苷酶+β-纤维二糖苷酶，BG+CBH)、N(β-1，4-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶，NAG)、P(酸性磷酸酶，ACP)资源的相关胞外酶活性(EEA)。结果1) 不同树种人工林显著影响土壤C、N、P质量分数，微生物生物量，胞外酶活性及Cmic∶Nmic∶Pmic和EEAC∶N∶P；马尾松林、枫香林Cmic∶Pmic显著高于木荷林和杜英林，微生物与植物竞争土壤有效P，土壤P利用率低，特别是枫香林；木荷林NAG及EEAN∶P最高，微生物受N限制明显；杜英林ACP较高，且EEAC∶N、EEAC∶P也高于其他树种人工林，而EEAN∶P最低，微生物受C、P限制最为严重。2)土壤C∶N∶P与微生物生物量、胞外酶C∶N∶P相关性不显著，仅有Cmic∶Nmic与EEAC∶N、Cmic∶Pmic与EEAC∶P呈显著负相关，表明土壤C∶N∶P与微生物生物量C∶N∶P不存在协变性；而土壤C∶N∶P与C∶Pimb呈显著正相关，Cmic∶Nmic∶Pmic与C∶N∶Pimb呈显著负相关，C∶Nimb和EEAC∶N呈显著正相关，证实土壤与微生物间C、N、P的差异对胞外酶化学计量比的影响。3)凋落物层现存量对土壤C、N、P质量分数及Pmic、Cmic∶Pmic、Nmic∶Pmic、BG+CBH、NAG、EEAC∶P影响显著。结论不同树种人工林通过影响土壤C、N、P质量分数，进而影响微生物生物量和胞外酶活性，微生物主要通过调整自身生物量C∶N∶P及产生特定胞外酶适应不同养分的限制，验证资源分配理论。

Abstract

ObjectiveThe contents of soil carbon (C)

nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) along with their stoichiometric ratios are varied due to the varying nutrient uptake and utilization strategies among plantations of various tree species

which in turn can affect soil microbial activity. However

whether soil microorganisms adapt to these changes by adjusting their biomass and extracellular enzyme stoichiometric ratios remains uncertain. This study aims to explore the effects of plantations of various tree species on soil-microbe-exoenzyme C∶N∶P stoichiometric ratios and to investigate the correlations among soil-microbe-exoenzyme stoichiometry.MethodsAn investigation into the contents of C

N and P

as well as microbial biomass C (Cmic)

N (Nmic)

and P (Pmic) was conducted

and the activities of C-(β-1

4-glucosidase+β-D-cellosidase

BG+CBH)

N-(β-1

4-N-acetylglucosaminidase

NAG)

and P-(acid phosphatase

ACP) acquiring extracellular enzymes for microorganisms at 0—40 cm depth in four native tree species plantations were determined. These plantations included conifers Pinus massoniana

deciduous broad-leaved Liquidambar formosana

Devergreen broad-leaved Schima superba and Elaeocarpus decipiens located in the hilly region of central Hunan Province and shared a common soil development and management history.Results1) Plantations of different tree species significantly affected soil C

P contents

microbial biomass

extracellular enzyme activity; Cmic∶Nmic∶Pmic and EEAC∶N∶P. Cmic∶Pmic ratios in P. massoniana plantations and L. formosana plantations were significantly higher than those in S. superba plantations and E. decipiens plantations

indicating that microorganisms competed with plants for soil available P. The utilization rate of soil P was low

especially in L. formosana plantations. NAG and EEAN∶P in S. superba plantations were the highest

suggesting that microorganism were obviously limited by N there. ACP in E. decipiens plantations was higher

EEAC∶N and EEAC∶P were also higher than those in plantations of other tree species

while EEAN∶P was the lowest

indicating that microorganisms were most restricted by C and P there. 2) There was no significant correlation between soil C∶N∶P and microbial biomass

extracellular enzyme C∶N∶P

while only Cmic∶Nmic and EEAC∶N

Cmic∶Pmic and EEAC∶P showed significant negative correlation

indicating that there was no covariance between soil C∶N∶P and microbial biomass C∶N∶P. There was a significantly positive correlation between soil C∶N∶P and C∶Pimb

a significantly negative correlation between Cmic∶Nmic∶Pmic and C∶N∶Pimb

and a significantly positive correlation between C∶Nimb and EEAC∶N

which confirmed the influence of C

N and P differences between soil and microorganisms on the stoichiometric ratios of extracellular enzymes. 3) Existing biomass of the litter layer had significant effects on soil C

P contents

Pmic

Cmic∶Pmic

Nmic∶Pmic

BG+CBH

NAG

and EEAC∶P.ConclusionBy influencing the contents of soil C

N and P

plantations composed of different tree species can affect microbial biomass and extracellular enzyme activities. Soil microorganisms can adapt to diverse nutrient limitations by regulating their biomass C∶N∶P ratios and synthesizing specific extracellular enzymes. The results substantiate the microbial resource allocation theory.

关键词

Keywords

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