文山市景观生态安全评价与分区治理

于中原; 黄义忠

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.033

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文山市景观生态安全评价与分区治理

更新时间：2025-03-14

- 文山市景观生态安全评价与分区治理
- Research on Landscape Ecological Security Evaluation and Zoning Management in Wenshan City
- 水土保持学报 2025年39卷第1期页码：338-347
- 作者机构：
  
  昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,昆明,650093
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "于中原(1999—), 男, 硕士研究生, 主要从事生态系统与生态安全研究。E-mail: 670974758@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(41761081);云南省社科重点资助项目(ZD202315)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.033
  中图分类号： X826
- 纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
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于中原, 黄义忠. 文山市景观生态安全评价与分区治理[J]. 水土保持学报, 2025,39(1):338-347.

YU Zhongyuan, HUANG Yizhong. Research on Landscape Ecological Security Evaluation and Zoning Management in Wenshan City[J]. 2025, 39(1): 338-347.
于中原, 黄义忠. 文山市景观生态安全评价与分区治理[J]. 水土保持学报, 2025,39(1):338-347. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.033.

YU Zhongyuan, HUANG Yizhong. Research on Landscape Ecological Security Evaluation and Zoning Management in Wenshan City[J]. 2025, 39(1): 338-347. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.033.

摘要

目的针对典型西南岩溶山地特殊景观构建生态安全评价指标体系，开展文山市景观生态安全评价与治理研究，为区域生态保护和可持续发展提供科学依据。方法从岩溶山地景观特征出发，建立目标-综合-项目-指标层的景观生态安全评价指标体系，基于几何平均数和InVEST模型对生态敏感性和系统服务重要性2个综合层进行评价，进而完成生态安全目标层评价并划分生态功能区，提出差异化治理措施。结果1) 文山市水土流失、地质灾害和石漠化敏感性以轻度和中度敏感为主，占总面积的48.83%~59.13%，极敏感最少，占比5.92%~7.10%。2)文山市水源涵养和生物多样性保护重要性以轻度和中度为主，占总面积的67.42%~80.31%，土壤保持重要性以不重要为主，占比55.30%，极重要占比仅为2.06%~5.22%。3)文山市景观生态安全水平整体不高，1级、2级占比仅有4.82%和16.74%，集中分布在“文山老君山自然保护区”；3级面积最多，占比高达30.43%，主要分布在得厚镇、红甸乡、秉烈乡等地区；4级、5级占比分别为13.59%、25.62%，广泛分布在秉烈乡、东山乡、追栗街镇和开化镇等地。4)将文山市生态功能分区划分为石漠化生态功能修复区、城镇生态协调建设区、生物多样性功能保护区和水源涵养与土壤保持功能提升区等4类生态功能区，并针对各区域生态问题提出4项治理措施与建议。结论将生态敏感性和生态系统服务重要性有机结合综合评价文山市景观生态安全水平，并进行分区治理，为西南岩溶山地构建生态安全格局、区域生态保护和可持续发展提供基础理论支撑。

Abstract

ObjectiveTo establish an ecological security evaluation index system tailored to the distinctive landscapes of typical karst mountainous regions in Southwest China

to conduct a comprehensive study on the landscape ecological security evaluation and governance in Wenshan City

in order to provide a scientific foundation for regional ecological protection and sustainable development.MethodsBased on the landscape characteristics of karst mountainous areas

a landscape ecological security evaluation index system consisting of target

comprehensive

project

and indicator layers was established. Utilizing the geometric mean and the InVEST model

two comprehensive layers

i. e. ecological sensitivity and system service importance were evaluated. Subsequently

the ecological security target layer

delineated ecological functional zones

and proposed differentiated governance measures were evaluated.Results1) In Wenshan City

the sensitivity to soil erosion

geological disasters

and rocky desertification primarily fell into mild and moderate categories

comprising 48.83%—59.13% of the total area

with the least area being extremely sensitive

accounting for 5.92%—7.10%. 2) In Wenshan City

the significance of water conservation and biodiversity protection predominantly fell into mild and moderate categories

representing 67.42%—80.31% of the total area. The significance of soil conservation was primarily deemed unimportant

with the unimportant category accounting for 55.30% of the total area

and the extremely important category accounting for merely 2.06%—5.22%. 3) The overall level of landscape ecological security in Wenshan City was low

with merely 4.82% and 16.74% belonging to the first and second levels

respectively

and predominantly concentrated in the Wenshan Laojunshan Nature Reserve. The third-level area occupied the largest proportion

reaching up to 30.43%

and predominantly distributed in Dehou Town

Hongdian Township

Binglie Township

and other regions. The proportions of the fourth and fifth levels were 13.59% and 25.62% respectively

and widely spread across Binglie Township

Dongshan Township

Zhuilijie Town

and Kaihua Town. 4) The ecological function zones of Wenshan City were divided into four categories

i. e. the rocky desertification ecological function restoration zone

the urban ecological coordination construction zone

the biodiversity function protection zone

and the water conservation and soil conservation function improvement zone. Four governance measures and suggestions were proposed to address each regional ecological issue.ConclusionThe study integrates ecological sensitivity and ecosystem service importance to comprehensively evaluate the landscape ecological security of Wenshan City

and conducts zoning governance

the results can provide basic theoretical support for the construction of ecological security patterns

regional ecological protection

and sustainable development in the karst mountainous areas of Southwest China.

关键词

Keywords

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