中国干旱半干旱区1990-2020年土壤水蚀时空变化及动态驱动力

陈硕; 赵文武

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.021

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中国干旱半干旱区1990-2020年土壤水蚀时空变化及动态驱动力

更新时间：2025-03-14

- 中国干旱半干旱区1990-2020年土壤水蚀时空变化及动态驱动力
- Spatial and Temporal Changes and Dynamic Driving Forces of Soil Water Erosion in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of China from 1990 to 2020
- 水土保持学报 2025年39卷第1期页码：10-20
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 北京师范大学地理科学学部地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京,100875
  2. 北京师范大学地理科学学部陆地表层系统科学与可持续发展研究院,北京,100875
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "陈硕(2002—), 男, 博士研究生, 主要从事土地资源与区域发展研究。E-mail: 2487852101@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(41991232)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.021
  中图分类号： S159.2
- 纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
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陈硕, 赵文武. 中国干旱半干旱区1990-2020年土壤水蚀时空变化及动态驱动力[J]. 水土保持学报, 2025,39(1):10-20.

CHEN Shuo, ZHAO Wenwu. Spatial and Temporal Changes and Dynamic Driving Forces of Soil Water Erosion in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of China from 1990 to 2020[J]. 2025, 39(1): 10-20.
陈硕, 赵文武. 中国干旱半干旱区1990-2020年土壤水蚀时空变化及动态驱动力[J]. 水土保持学报, 2025,39(1):10-20. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.021.

CHEN Shuo, ZHAO Wenwu. Spatial and Temporal Changes and Dynamic Driving Forces of Soil Water Erosion in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of China from 1990 to 2020[J]. 2025, 39(1): 10-20. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.021.

摘要

目的我国干旱半干旱区生态环境脆弱，土壤流失问题严重，为探究气候变暖背景下干旱地区的土壤水蚀现状。方法基于修正通用土壤流失方程(revised universal soil loss equation，RUSLE)模型计算中国干旱半干旱区1990年、2000年、2010年、2015年、2020年的各模型因子和土壤水蚀模数，并进行精度验证(R2=0.60)；在此基础上利用最优参数地理探测器分析其单因子及交互因子动态驱动力大小和变化。结果 1) 1990—2020年中国干旱半干旱区平均每年土壤水蚀量为4.71×1010 kg，土壤水蚀模数呈微弱上升趋势，速率为0.000 7 t/(hm2·a)。2)中国干旱半干旱区的土壤水蚀强度多以微度和轻度侵蚀为主。土壤水蚀强度上升和下降的区域面积占比均处于上升趋势，土壤水蚀强度不变的区域面积占比处于下降趋势。3)坡度、降水、降水侵蚀力因子是中国干旱半干旱区1990—2020年土壤水蚀的主要单因子驱动力，且3个因子在研究期间交替为第1主导因子；在选取的因子中任意2个因子在进行交互作用时均增加对中国干旱半干旱区土壤水蚀的解释力，其中，坡度与降水侵蚀力因子交互时解释力在研究期间一直为第1主导交互因子。结论中国干旱半干旱区土壤水蚀状况正处于微弱恶化趋势，在一系列治理措施实施时应同步考虑地形、降水特征及其他动态因子，从而更好地改善干旱区的土壤水蚀情况。

Abstract

Objective The ecological environment in China's arid and semi-arid regions is highly vulnerable

with soil erosion posing a significant challenge. In light of climate warming

investigating the current state of soil water erosion in these regions is of critical importance.Methods Based on the RULSE model

the model factors and soil water erosion modulus for China's arid and semi-arid regions for the years 1990

2000

2010

2015 and 2020 were calculated

and an accuracy validation (R2=0.60) was conducted. On the basis of the calculations and validation

the optimal parameter geographic detector was utilized to analyze the dynamic driving forces and changes associated with both single and interactive factors.Results 1) From 1990 to 2020

the average annual soil water erosion in China's arid and semi-arid regions amounted to 4.71×1010 kg

exhibiting a slight upward trend in the soil water erosion modulus at a rate of 0.000 7 t/(hm2·a). 2) The intensity of soil water erosion was predominantly characterized by slight to moderate erosion. The proportions of areas experiencing increases and decreases in soil water erosion intensity both rose

while the proportion of areas with stable soil water erosion intensity declined. 3) Slope

precipitation

and precipitation erosion force were identified as the primary single driving factors of soil water erosion in these regions from 1990 to 2020

with these three factors alternating as the main dominant factor throughout the study period. Interactions between any two selected factors enhances the explanatory power regarding soil water erosion

with the interaction between slope and precipitation erosion force consistently serving as the primary dominant interaction factor during the study period.Conclusion Overall

the soil water erosion situation in China's arid and semi-arid regions is experiencing slight deterioration. To effectively address this issue

it is crucial to consider topographical and precipitation characteristics concurrently when implementing management measures

in order to improve soil water erosion conditions in arid areas.

关键词

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