喀斯特地区安顺市土壤侵蚀时空变化特征及驱动因素

吴文贤; 李渊; 刘子琦

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.012

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喀斯特地区安顺市土壤侵蚀时空变化特征及驱动因素

更新时间：2025-03-14

- 喀斯特地区安顺市土壤侵蚀时空变化特征及驱动因素
- Characteristics and Drivers of Spatial and Temporal Soil Erosion in Anshun City, Karst Region
- 水土保持学报 2025年39卷第1期页码：359-367
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 贵州师范大学喀斯特研究院,贵阳,500025
  2. 国家喀斯特石漠化防治工程技术研究中心,贵阳,550001
  3. 自然资源部贵州喀斯特山地国土生态与土地利用野外科学观测研究站, 贵州关岭,561301
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "吴文贤(1999—), 男, 硕士研究生, 主要从事土壤侵蚀与水土保持研究。E-mail: odst1172024@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(42201013);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-zk[2024]一般444号，黔科合中引地[2023]005)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.012
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2025
- 稿件说明：
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吴文贤, 李渊, 刘子琦. 喀斯特地区安顺市土壤侵蚀时空变化特征及驱动因素[J]. 水土保持学报, 2025,39(1):359-367.

WU Wenxian, LI Yuan, LIU Ziqi. Characteristics and Drivers of Spatial and Temporal Soil Erosion in Anshun City, Karst Region[J]. 2025, 39(1): 359-367.
吴文贤, 李渊, 刘子琦. 喀斯特地区安顺市土壤侵蚀时空变化特征及驱动因素[J]. 水土保持学报, 2025,39(1):359-367. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.012.

WU Wenxian, LI Yuan, LIU Ziqi. Characteristics and Drivers of Spatial and Temporal Soil Erosion in Anshun City, Karst Region[J]. 2025, 39(1): 359-367. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2025.01.012.

摘要

目的探索西南喀斯特地区安顺市土壤侵蚀时空演变规律及土壤侵蚀主控因子，掌握该地区土壤侵蚀状况，有助于该地区石漠化治理和水土资源管理。方法采用优化后的RUSLE模型估算2005—2020年安顺市土壤侵蚀，同时，利用随机森林模型(RF)揭示土壤侵蚀的驱动因子，并估算驱动因子相互作用对2005—2020年安顺市土壤侵蚀的影响。结果1) 2005—2020年，安顺市低强度土壤侵蚀分布在中部、东南部和东部地区，高强度土壤侵蚀分布在北部和西南部地区。从时间上来看，安顺市土壤侵蚀整体上呈改善趋势，大部分地区土壤侵蚀等级主要由高强度向微强度侵蚀转移，但局部地区存在侵蚀加剧现象。2)石漠化对于安顺市土壤侵蚀有较大的影响，石漠化和土壤侵蚀变化趋势一致。土壤侵蚀随着石漠化强度增加呈先增加后减少趋势。3)安顺市发生土壤侵蚀最主要的土地利用类型为林地、耕地和草地，总体来看，土壤侵蚀速率依次为林地＜草地＜耕地，耕地的水土流失风险较大。4)对土壤侵蚀驱动因子分析显示，植被覆盖与管理因子、水土保持措施因子和石漠化强度为主要驱动因子。驱动因子交互作用结果表明，植被覆盖与管理因子与水土保持措施因子交互作用为主导因素。结论2005—2020年安顺市土壤侵蚀强度整体呈好转趋势，但部分地区存在侵蚀加剧现象，高强度土壤侵蚀主要位于北部和西南部的人类活动较密集地区。植被覆盖、土地利用和石漠化强度是土壤侵蚀主要影响因素，而石漠化治理和水土保持措施能较好地增加植被覆盖，改善安顺市水土流失状况。

Abstract

ObjectiveTo explore the spatial and temporal evolution of soil erosion in Anshun City

southwest karst region

as well as the main controlling factors of soil erosion

and to master the soil erosion situation in the region

in order to help the management of rocky desertification and soil and water resources management in the region.MethodsThe optimised RUSLE model was used to estimate soil erosion in Anshun City from 2005 to 2020

while the Random Forest Model (RF) was used to reveal the driving factors of soil erosion

and to estimate the effects of the interactions between the driving factors on soil erosion in Anshun City from 2005 to 2020.Results1) From 2005 to 2020

soil erosion in Anshun City generally showed that low intensity soil erosion was distributed in the central

southeastern and eastern regions

while high intensity soil erosion was distributed in the northern and southwestern regions. In terms of time

soil erosion in Anshun City as a whole showed a trend of improvement

soil erosion grade in most of the areas mainly transferred from high to micro intensity erosion

but the erosion exacerbated in some areas. 2) Rocky desertification had a greater impact on soil erosion in Anshun City

and the change trend of rocky desertification was consistent with that of soil erosion. Soil erosion increased first and then decreased with the increase of rocky desertification intensity. 3) The most important land use types in Anshun City where soil erosion occured were forest land

arable land and grassland

and the overall rate of soil erosion was in the order of forest land < grassland < arable land

with cropland having a higher risk of soil and water runoff. 4) The analysis of the driving factors of soil erosion showed that that the vegetation cover and management factor

the factor of soil and water conservation measures and the intensity of rock desertification were the main driving factors. The results of the interactions between the driving factors showed that the interaction between the vegetation cover and management factors and the soil and water conservation measures were the dominant factors.ConclusionSoil erosion intensity in Anshun City showed an overall trend of improvement from 2005 to 2020

but there was an increase in erosion in some areas

with high intensity soil erosion being mainly located in the north and southwest areas with high human activity. Vegetation cover

land use and rock desertification intensity are the main influencing factors of soil erosion

while rock desertification control and soil and water conservation measures can better increase vegetation cover and improve soil erosion in Anshun City.

关键词

Keywords

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