改性秸秆生物炭与有机肥混施对黄土丘陵旱区土壤持水保肥的影响

张沛祯; 罗娟; 姚宗路; 畅芳玲; 霍丽丽; 赵立欣

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.06.038

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

改性秸秆生物炭与有机肥混施对黄土丘陵旱区土壤持水保肥的影响

更新时间：2025-02-18

- 改性秸秆生物炭与有机肥混施对黄土丘陵旱区土壤持水保肥的影响
- The Impact of Mixed Application of Modified Straw Biochar and Organic Fertilizer on Soil Water Retention and Fertility Maintenance in the Loess Hilly Dry Area
- 水土保持学报 2024年38卷第6期页码：322-332
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京,100081
  2. 山西农业大学资源环境学院, 山西太谷,030800
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "张沛祯(1992—),男,助理研究员,博士,主要从事农业废弃物资源化利用。E-mail:zhangpeizhen@caas.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1900704)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.06.038
  中图分类号： S158.5
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
张沛祯, 罗娟, 姚宗路, 等. 改性秸秆生物炭与有机肥混施对黄土丘陵旱区土壤持水保肥的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(6):322-332.

ZHANG Peizhen, LUO Juan, YAO Zonglu, et al. The Impact of Mixed Application of Modified Straw Biochar and Organic Fertilizer on Soil Water Retention and Fertility Maintenance in the Loess Hilly Dry Area[J]. 2024, 38(6): 322-332.
张沛祯, 罗娟, 姚宗路, 等. 改性秸秆生物炭与有机肥混施对黄土丘陵旱区土壤持水保肥的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(6):322-332. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.06.038.

ZHANG Peizhen, LUO Juan, YAO Zonglu, et al. The Impact of Mixed Application of Modified Straw Biochar and Organic Fertilizer on Soil Water Retention and Fertility Maintenance in the Loess Hilly Dry Area[J]. 2024, 38(6): 322-332. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.06.038.

摘要

[目的] 探究不同改性玉米秸秆生物炭混施有机肥对干旱黄土持水保肥能力特性及其作物生长的影响。[方法] 将氮气环境下经500 ℃热解2 h制得的玉米秸秆生物炭

分别在1 mol/L H3PO4、NaOH和NH4Cl试剂中浸渍改性获得不同改性玉米秸秆生物炭。系统表征生物炭的元素组成和孔隙结构等理化特性

开展不同比例炭肥混施下的土壤盆栽试验

分析土壤持水、保肥和植株生长状况等

探明不同生物炭混施有机肥对干旱黄土持水保肥性能的影响。[结果] 生物炭理化特性方面

改性生物炭中氧含量增加4.73%~9.18%

灰分含量降低12.69%~20.70%

pH显著降低

O/C增加

表明生物炭亲水性增强

比表面积增加3.26~5.19倍

总孔体积增加3~6倍。土壤持水保肥性质方面

炭肥混施处理下

土壤质量密度随着炭肥比增大而减小

土壤孔隙度增加2.42%~4.07%

田间持水量随炭肥比增加而增大

其中

NaOH改性生物炭肥比2∶1下的土壤田间持水量最高为37.38%。NH4Cl改性生物炭肥比为2∶1时

土壤有机质含量和全钾含量最高分别为8.23

5.17 g/kg。H3PO4改性生物炭肥比1∶1和2∶1时

全氮和全磷含量最高分别为0.37

0.95 g/kg。改性生物炭混施有机肥能提高可被植物直接吸收利用的有效磷和速效钾。NH4Cl改性生物炭肥比1∶2时

玉米植株生长促进效果最明显

且炭肥比不宜过高。[结论] 在黄土丘陵干旱区

综合各方面考虑

可选择NH4Cl改性生物炭肥比1∶1的改性混配方式来提升土壤的持水和保肥特性。

Abstract

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of different modified corn straw biochars on the water retention and fertilizer conservation capacity of arid loess soil and their effects on crop growth.[Methods] The corn straw biochar produced by pyrolysis at 500 ℃ for 2 h under a nitrogen atmosphere was modified by immersion in 1 mol/L H3PO4

NaOH

and NH4Cl reagents

respectively

to obtain different modified corn straw biochars. The elemental composition

and physical and chemical properties such as pore structure

of the biochar were systematically characterized. Pot experiments were used to examine soil water retention

nutrient conservation

and plant growth using soil treated with different ratios of fertilizer and biochar.[Results] In terms of the physicochemical properties of biochar

the oxygen content in the modified biochar increased by 4.73%~9.18%

while the ash content decreased by 12.69%~20.70%. The pH significantly decreased

and the increase in O/C ratio indicated enhanced hydrophilicity of the biochar. The specific surface area of the modified biochar increased by 3.26~5.19 times

and the total pore volume increased by 3~6 times. In terms of soil water retention and nutrient conservation properties

under the treatments of mixed application of biochar and fertilizer

soil bulk density decreased with the increase of the biochar-to-fertilizer ratio

and soil porosity increased by 2.42%~4.07%. The field water-holding capacity increased with the biochar-to-fertilizer ratio

with the highest value of 37.38% observed under the NaOH-modified biochar-to-fertilizer ratio of 2∶1. When the NH4Cl-modified biochar-to-fertilizer ratio was 2∶1

soil organic matter and total potassium contents reached the highest values

being 8.23 and 15.17 g/kg

respectively. The highest total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents were 0.37 and 0.95 g/kg

respectively

when the H3PO4-modified biochar-to-fertilizer ratios were 1∶1 and 2∶1. Mixed application of modified biochar and organic fertilizer could increase available phosphorus and rapidly available potassium that can be directly absorbed and utilized by plants. The growth promotion effect on corn plants was most significant when the NH4Cl-modified biochar-to-fertilizer ratio was 1∶2

and it was noted that an excessively high biochar-to-fertilizer ratio was not suitable. [Conclusion] In the arid regions of the loess hilly area

considering various factors

the application of NH4Cl-modified biochar with a fertilizer ratio of 1∶1 and mixed with organic fertilizer can enhance the soil’s water retention and nutrient conservation properties.

关键词

Keywords

references

翟胜,高宝玉,王巨媛,等.农田土壤温室气体产生机制及影响因素研究进展[J].生态环境,2008,17(6):2488-2493. ZHAI S, GAO B Y, WANG J Y, et al. Mechanism and Impact factors of greenhouse gases generation from farmland[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2008,17(6):2488-2493.

赵西宁,吴普特,冯浩,等.黄土高原半干旱区集雨补灌生态农业研究进展[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(9):3187-3194. ZHAO X N, WU P T, FENG H, et al. Advance in research of supplemental irrigation of collected rain water for eco-agriculture in semi-arid Loess Plateau of China[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2009,42(9):3187-3194.

朱玲,周蓉,沈玉叶,等.稻壳及稻壳生物炭对土壤团聚体稳定性及有机碳分布的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2023,29(2):242-252. ZHU L, ZHOU R, SHEN Y Y, et al. Effects of rice husk and its derived biochar on soil properties and stability of aggregates[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers,2023,29(2):242-252.

孟维山,朱芳妮,张博文,等.玉米秸秆及其生物炭还田对黑土理化性质及玉米产量的影响[J].吉林农业大学学报,2024,46(5):721-730. MENG W S, ZHU F N, ZHANG B W, et al. Effects of straw and biochar application on the soil physicochemical properties and corn yield in a black soil[J].Journal of Jilin Agricultural University,2024,46(5):721-730.

朱自洋,段文焱,陈芳媛,等.干旱土壤中生物炭对黑麦草生长的促进机制[J].水土保持学报,2022,36(1):352-359. ZHU Z Y, DUAN W Y, CHEN F Y, et al. The mechanism of biochar facilitate ryegrass growth in arid soils[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2022,36(1):352-359.

LI W, YAO L R, LONG M, et al. Biochar reduced soil N losses and improved N balance in a rainfed winter-wheat cropping agroecosystem[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2022,179:e104591.

樊洪,谢珊,龙天雨,等.刺梨果渣生物炭对白菜产量及品质和土壤性质的影响[J].环境科学,2024,45(6):3543-3552. FAN H, XIE S, LONG T Y, et al. Effects of Rosa roxburghii Pomace Biochar on Yield and Quality of Chinese Cabbage and Soil Properties[J].Environmental Science,2024,45(6):3543-3552.

LUO C Y, YANG J J, CHEN W, et al. Effect of biochar on soil properties on the Loess Plateau: Results from field experiments[J].Geoderma,2020,369:e114323.

原鲁明,赵立欣,沈玉君,等.我国生物炭基肥生产工艺与设备研究进展[J].中国农业科技导报,2015,17(4):107-113. YUAN L M, ZHAO L X, SHEN Y J, et al. Progress on biochar-based fertilizer production technology and equipment in China[J].Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology,2015,17(4):107-113.

刘小月,高日平,韩云飞,等.生物炭配施有机肥对阴山北麓旱作燕麦生长及水分利用的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2023(3):46-54. LIU X Y, GAO R P, HAN Y F, et al. Effects of biochar combined with organic manure on growth and water use of dryland oat in northern foothill of Yinshan Mountain[J].Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China,2023(3):46-54.

杨宇,李成蓉,彭银,等.生物炭与有机肥施用对红壤理化性质及氮素径流损失的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2023(4):16-24. YANG Y, LI C R, PENG Y, et al. Effects of biochar and organic fertilizer application on physical and chemical properties of red soil and nitrogen losses by runoff[J].Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China,2023(4):16-24.

KAMMANN C I, SCHMIDT H P, MESSERSCHMIDT N, et al. Plant growth improvement mediated by nitrate capture in co-composted biochar[J].Scientific Reports,2015,5:e11080.

文慧宝,杜双江,程贵庆,等.生物炭与有机肥配施对白菜生长品质、土壤养分及酶活性的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2023,51(20):224-230. WEN H B, DU S J, CHENG G Q, et al. Effects of combined application of biochar and organic fertilizer on growth quality, soil nutrients and enzyme activity of Chinese cabbage[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,2023,51(20):224-230.

乔月,胡诚,万建华,等.不同施肥模式对水稻产量及养分利用效率的影响[J].中国农学通报,2024,40(6):9-15. QIAO Y, HU C, WAN J H, et al. Effects of different fertilization patterns on rice yield and nutrient use efficiency[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2024,40(6):9-15.

钱力.生物质炭基肥料的试验与改性探索[D].南京:南京农业大学,2014. QIAN L. Test and modification research of biochar compound fertilizer[D].Nanjing: Nanjing Agricultural University,2014.

孟蒙蒙,夏文香,许如康,等.盐酸改性松木屑生物炭吸附海洋溢油的模拟研究[J].海洋环境科学,2022,41(3):474-480. MENG M M, XIA W X, XU R K, et al. Study on adsorption of marine oil spill by hydrochloric acid modified pine sawdust biochar[J].Marine Environmental Science,2022,41(3):474-480.

张悍,吴亦潇,万亮,等.碱改性米糠炭对水中四环素的吸附性能研究[J].水处理技术,2020,46(06):20-26. ZHANG H, WU Y X, WANG L, et al. Study on adsorption performance of alkali-modified rice bran biochar for tetracycline in water[J].Technology of Water Treatment,2020,46(6):20-26.

辽宁省农业农村厅.生物炭直接还田技术规程: DB21/T 3314—2020[S].沈阳:辽宁省市场监督管理局,2020. Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of LiaoNing Province. DB21/T 3314—2020 Technique regulation of biochar incorporation[S].Shenyang: Liaoning Administation for Market Regulation,2020.

鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2000:106-107. BAO S D. Soil and agricultural chemistry analysis[M]. 3rd Edition. Beijing: China Agriculture Press,2000: 106-107.

刘爽,汪东风,徐莹.磷酸活化茶渣生物炭对铅的吸附性能影响和吸附机理研究[J].中国海洋大学学报,2022,52(1): 56-64. LIU S, WANG D F, XU Y, et al. Studies on lead adsorption performance of phosphoric acid activated tea residue biochar and associating mechanism[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China,2022, 52(1): 56-64.

刘总堂,邵江,李艳,等.碱改性小麦秸秆生物炭对水中四环素的吸附性能[J].中国环境科学,2022,42(8):3736-3743. LIU Z T, SHAO J, LI Y, et al. Adsorption performance of tetracycline in water by alkali-modified wheat straw biochars[J].China Environmental Science,2022,42(8):3736-3743.

李明玉,丁梧秀,王新武,等.施加生物炭对土壤理化性质的影响及其农业应用[J].东北农业大学学报,2024,55(1):79-96. LI M Y, DING W X, WANG X W, et al. Influence of applying biochar on soil physicochemical properties and its agricultural applications[J].Journal of Northeast Agricultural University,2024,55(1):79-96.

战秀梅,彭靖,王月,等.生物炭及炭基肥改良棕壤理化性状及提高花生产量的作用[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(6):1633-1641. ZHAN X M, PENG J, WANG Y, et al. Influences of application of biochar and biochar-based fertilizer on brown soil physiochemical properties and peanut yields[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers,2015,21(6):1633-1641.

SANDHU S S, USSIRI D A N, KUMAR S, et al. Analyzing the impacts of three types of biochar on soil carbon fractions and physiochemical properties in a corn-soybean rotation[J].Chemosphere,2017,184:473-481.

田丹.生物炭对不同质地土壤结构及水力特征参数影响试验研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2013. TIAN D. The experimental study of influence of biochar on different texture soils structure and hydraulic characteristic parameters[D].Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,2013.

李夏,汪玉瑛,吕豪豪,等.炭基有机肥对设施番茄生长及其土壤性质的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(3): 568-577. LI X, WANG Y Y, LV M M, et al. Effects of biochar-based organic fertilizer on the growth and soil properties of greenhouse tomatoes[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2023,42(3):568-577.

方远鹏,谢晏芬,赵宇婷,等.不同生物质炭基肥施用量对土壤养分及烤烟产质量的影响[J].江西农业学报,2023,35(10):14-20. FANG Y P, XIE Y F, ZHAO Y T, et al. Effects of different biochar-based fertilizer application rates on soil nutrients and yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco[J].Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi,2023,35(10):14-20.

燕金锐,律其鑫,高增平,等.有机肥与生物炭对沙化土壤理化性质的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2019,47(9):303-307. YAN J R, LV Q X, GAO Z P, et al. Effects of organic fertilizer and biochar on physical and chemical properties of desertification soil[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2019,47(9):303-307.

YIN D W, YANG X Y, WANG H Z, et al. Effects of chemical-based fertilizer replacement with biochar-based fertilizer on albic soil nutrient content and maize yield[J].Open Life Sciences,2022,17(1):517-528.

DA SILVA CARNEIRO J S, RIBEIRO I C A, NARDIS B O, et al. Long-term effect of biochar-based fertilizers application in tropical soil: Agronomic efficiency and phosphorus availability[J].The Science of the Total Environment,2021,760:e143955.

李玥,韩萌,杨劲峰,等.炭基肥配施有机肥对风沙土养分含量及酶活性的影响[J].花生学报,2020,49(2): 1-7.[JP] LI Y, HAN M, YANG J F, et al. Effect of biochar-based fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer on nutrient content and enzyme activities in aeolian sandy soil[J].Journal of Peanut Science, 2020,49(2):1-7.

ZHENG J L, WANG S J, WANG R M, et al. Ameliorative roles of biochar-based fertilizer on morpho-physiological traits, nutrient uptake and yield in peanut (

Arachis hypogaea

L.) under water stress[J].Agricultural Water Management,2021,257:e107129.

KANG S W, KIM S H, PARK J H, et al. Effect of biochar derived from barley straw on soil physicochemical properties, crop growth, and nitrous oxide emission in an upland field in South Korea[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2018,25(26):25813-25821.

刘琪琪.秸秆生物质炭基肥对水稻和玉米生长及产量的影响[D].南京:南京农业大学,2017. LIU Q Q. Effect of straw biochar based fertilizer on rice and maize growth and grain yield[D].Nanjing: Nanjing Agricultural University, 2017.

刘文秀.生物炭基肥料对玉米和菠菜生长的影响研究[D].山东泰安:山东农业大学,2016. LIU W X. Effects of Biochar-based fertilier on the growth of corn and spinach[D].Shandong Taian: Shandong Agricultural University,2016.

YANG Y F, AHMED W, YE C H, et al. Exploring the effect of different application rates of biochar on the accumulation of nutrients and growth of flue-cured tobacco (

Nicotiana tabacum

)[J].Frontiers in Plant Science, 2024,15:e1225031.

浏览量

387

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

长期有机替代土壤团聚体及有机碳分布特征

有机替代和团聚化对红壤微型动物群落的影响

菌剂配施有机肥下植物-土壤-微生物生态化学计量特征及内稳性——以内蒙矿区排土场中药复垦模式为例

炭菌联作对盐碱土性质及甜瓜光合指标的影响

有机肥等氮替代化肥对春玉米生长、产量和水肥利用效率的影响