套种药材对红壤坡地幼龄油茶园产流产沙及氮磷流失的影响

晏世杰; 段剑; 沈发兴; 谢东杰; 郑海金

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.06.035

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套种药材对红壤坡地幼龄油茶园产流产沙及氮磷流失的影响

更新时间：2025-02-18

- 套种药材对红壤坡地幼龄油茶园产流产沙及氮磷流失的影响
- Effects of Interplanting Medicinal Herbs on Runoff, Sediment and Nitrogen and Phosphorus Losses in Young Oil Tea Plantation on Red Soil Sloping Field
- 水土保持学报 2024年38卷第6期页码：70-78
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 流域水土保持江西省重点实验室, 江西省水利科学院,南昌,330029
  2. 江西省鄱阳湖流域生态水利技术创新中心,南昌,330029
  3. 江西农业大学国土资源与环境学院,南昌,330045
  4. 华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉,430070
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "晏世杰(1999―),男,硕士研究生,主要从事植物保护与水土保持研究。E-mail:1637327267@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  江西省"科技+水利"联合计划项目(2022KSG01001);国家自然科学基金项目(42367050);江西省"双千计划"项目(JXSQ2023201069)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.06.035
  中图分类号： S157.2
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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晏世杰, 段剑, 沈发兴, 等. 套种药材对红壤坡地幼龄油茶园产流产沙及氮磷流失的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(6):70-78.

YAN Shijie, DUAN Jian, SHEN Faxing, et al. Effects of Interplanting Medicinal Herbs on Runoff, Sediment and Nitrogen and Phosphorus Losses in Young Oil Tea Plantation on Red Soil Sloping Field[J]. 2024, 38(6): 70-78.
晏世杰, 段剑, 沈发兴, 等. 套种药材对红壤坡地幼龄油茶园产流产沙及氮磷流失的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(6):70-78. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.06.035.

YAN Shijie, DUAN Jian, SHEN Faxing, et al. Effects of Interplanting Medicinal Herbs on Runoff, Sediment and Nitrogen and Phosphorus Losses in Young Oil Tea Plantation on Red Soil Sloping Field[J]. 2024, 38(6): 70-78. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.06.035.

摘要

[目的] 为探究不同药材及其套种模式对红壤坡地幼龄油茶园水—土—养分流失的影响及其适用性。[方法] 在中药材种植大省江西开展幼龄油茶园径流小区原位观测试验

设置套种地上收获药材艾(YA)、套种地下收获药材郁金+植物篱(YY)、传统水保措施秸秆覆盖+墒沟(YC)、清耕对照(CK)

进行逐场次降雨下产流产沙、氮磷流失观测及综合效益评估。[结果] (1)除清耕模式外

所有有保护性措施的模式均显著减少幼龄油茶园水-土-养分流失。与CK相比

YA、YC和YY的减流效应分别为15.22%

67.30%

64.12%

减沙效应分别为72.63%

97.19%

98.19%

总氮流失量降低幅度分别为57.86%

96.53%

95.87%

总磷流失量降低幅度分别为32.18%

98.62%

98.86%;(2)中雨、大雨和暴雨3种雨型下

套种郁金+植物篱模式均能发挥很好的水土保持和养分拦截效应

减流、减沙效应分别为45.11%~83.25%和96.08%~99.02%;减氮、减磷效应分别为83.02%~99.14%和88.38%~99.65%;而套作艾草模式则只在中雨和大雨中的养分拦截效应较好

在暴雨中的水土保持效应不明显;(3)基于TOPSIS模型

对4种模式的综合效益进行评估

排名为YY(0.48)＞YC(0.29)＞YA(0.23)＞CK(0.02)。[结论] 地下收获药材郁金+植物篱模式是试验中控制红壤坡地幼龄油茶园土壤侵蚀和养分流失最经济高效的管理措施;选用收获期与水土流失风险期错峰的药材将更好地发挥套作的生态效益

可避免幼龄油茶园产生额外的养分流失。

Abstract

[Objective] To investigate the effects and applicability of different intercropping patterns of medicinal herbs on water

soil

and nutrient losses in young oil tea gardens on red soil slopes. [Methods] Runoff plot experiments were carried out in Jiangxi Province

a major province for cultivating traditional Chinese medicinal herbs

with interplanting above-ground harvested medicinal herb of Ai pattern (YA)

interplanting below-ground harvested medicinal herb of Yujin + vegetative hedges pattern (YY)

traditional conservation measure of straw mulching + moisture furrow pattern (YC)

and clean tillage pattern for control (CK). Observation of runoff

sediment

nitrogen and phosphorus losses under natural rainfall events

and comprehensive benefit evaluation of each pattern were carried out. [Results] (1) All conservation measures significantly reduced water

soil

and nutrient losses in young oil tea plantations

except for the clean-tillage mode. Compared with CK

the runoff reduction effects of YA

YC and YY amounted to 15.22%

67.30% and 64.12%

respectively; the sediment reduction effects amounted to 72.63%

97.19% and 98.19%

respectively; the decrease in total nitrogen (TN) loss was 57.86%

96.53% and 95.87%

respectively; and the decrease in total phosphorus (TP) loss was 32.18%

98.62% and 98.86%

respectively. (2) Under moderate rain

heavy rain and rainstorm

YY pattern all showed good soil and water conservation and nutrient interception effects

with runoff reduction effects and sediment reduction effects ranged from 45.11% to 83.25% and 96.08% to 99.02%

respectively. The nitrogen and phosphorus reduction effects ranged from 83.02% to 99.14% and 88.38% to 99.65%

respectively; whereas YA pattern only had a better nutrient interception effect under moderate and heavy rain

the soil and water conservation effect under heavy rain was not obvious. (3) Based on the TOPSIS model

the comprehensive benefits of the four patterns were evaluated and ranked as YY (0.48)> YC (0.29)> YA (0.23)> CK (0.02). [Conclusion] Below-ground harvesting of medicinal herb Yujin + plant hedge mode is the most economical and effective management measure to control soil erosion and nutrient losses of young oil tea plantation on red soil slope in this experiment. Selecting medicinal herbs with staggered harvesting period and erosion risk period will better utilize the ecological benefits of interplanting medicinal herbs

and can avoid additional nutrient losses of young oil tea plantations.

关键词

Keywords

references

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