近61年东北黑土区风蚀气候指标时空格局及其对大气海洋环流模式的响应

胡文韬; 郑粉莉; 高晓玉; 郑润禾; 付金霞; 李志; 张加琼

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.06.012

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近61年东北黑土区风蚀气候指标时空格局及其对大气海洋环流模式的响应

更新时间：2025-02-18

- 近61年东北黑土区风蚀气候指标时空格局及其对大气海洋环流模式的响应
- Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Wind Erosion Climate Indices and Their Responses to Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulation Patterns in the Chinese Mollisol Region over the Past 61 Years
- 水土保持学报 2024年38卷第6期页码：23-34
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所, 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌,712100
  2. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌,712100
  3. 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西杨凌,712100
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "胡文韬(1999—),男,博士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀机理研究。E-mail:Huwt@nwafu.edu.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  中国科学院战略性先导科技项目(A类)(XDA28010201);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1500102)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.06.012
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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胡文韬, 郑粉莉, 高晓玉, 等. 近61年东北黑土区风蚀气候指标时空格局及其对大气海洋环流模式的响应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(6):23-34.

HU Wentao, ZHENG Fenli, GAO Xiaoyu, et al. Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Wind Erosion Climate Indices and Their Responses to Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulation Patterns in the Chinese Mollisol Region over the Past 61 Years[J]. 2024, 38(6): 23-34.
胡文韬, 郑粉莉, 高晓玉, 等. 近61年东北黑土区风蚀气候指标时空格局及其对大气海洋环流模式的响应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(6):23-34. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.06.012.

HU Wentao, ZHENG Fenli, GAO Xiaoyu, et al. Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Wind Erosion Climate Indices and Their Responses to Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulation Patterns in the Chinese Mollisol Region over the Past 61 Years[J]. 2024, 38(6): 23-34. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.06.012.

摘要

[目的] 研究东北黑土区风蚀气候指标的时空格局及其对大气海洋环流模式的响应

对区域土壤风蚀预警和防治有重要意义。[方法] 选取≥5 m/s的起沙风速发生频次、逐日最大风速、逐日极大风速、风蚀气候因子4个指标

基于1960—2020年逐日风速数据和气象数据

采用滑动平均、Mann-Kendall检验和相干分析等方法

分析1960—2020年东北黑土区春季(3—5月)风蚀气候指标的时空格局

解析风蚀气候指标对大气海洋环流模式的响应。[结果] 东北黑土区1960—2020年春季起沙风速发生频次为5~30次/季

逐日最大风速为6.1~8.7 m/s

逐日极大风速为9.8~12.2 m/s

风蚀气候因子为19.5~101.1。东北黑土区4个风蚀气候指标的月际变化趋势为4月>5月>3月;除逐日极大风速外

起沙风速发生频次、逐日最大风速和风蚀气候因子年际变化均呈显著下降趋势

且在1990年左右发生显著突变

但2014年以后风蚀气候指标上升趋势明显。东北黑土区各风蚀气候指标呈现自西北向东南递增后递减的空间分布

地形是影响风蚀气候指标空间分布的主要因素。亚洲极涡强度(AVPII)是对东北黑土区春季风蚀气候指标影响的最显著的单一环流模式

太平洋-北美遥相关指数(PNA)也对风蚀气候指标产生显著影响

但风蚀气候指标与2个环流模式叠加(AVPII-PNA)呈现不显著的相关关系

而APVII-PNA-AO大气海洋3环流模式叠加对起沙风速发生频次的影响显著。2014年以后东北黑土区各风蚀气候指标快速上升趋势明显

亚洲极涡强度、太平洋-北美遥相关指数对风蚀气候指标影响显著。[结论] 东北黑土区风蚀气候指标时空格局的影响因素主要包括风速、地形和大气海洋环流模式

需关注2014年后风蚀动力增强带来的潜在风蚀危害。

Abstract

[Objective] A study on the spatial and temporal patterns of wind erosion climate indices and their responses to atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns in the Chinese Mollisol region is of great significance for the early warning and prevention of wind erosion. [Methods] Four wind erosion climate indices

including occurrence frequency of ≥ 5 m/s of threshold wind of transporting sand

daily maximum wind velocity

daily extreme wind velocity and wind erosion climatic erosivity

were selected to address the spatial and temporal patterns of wind erosion climate indices in the spring (March-May) of the Chinese Mollisol region from 1960 to 2020 based on the daily wind speed data and meteorological data

and to elucidate the impacts of atmospheric and ocean circulation patterns on these indices. The research methods included the moving average

Mann-Kendall test and multiple wavelet coherence. [Results] The occurrence frequency of ≥ 5 m/s threshold wind speed of transporting sand varied from 5 to 30 times per season

daily maximum wind velocity varied from 6.1 to 8.7 m/s

daily extreme wind velocity varied from 9.8 to 12.2 m/s

and wind erosion climatic erosivity varied from 19.5 to 101.1 in the Chinese Mollisol region form 1960 to 2020. An intermonthly change trend of these four wind erosion climate indices followed by April > May > March. Except for daily extreme wind velocity

there was a significant decreasing trend of the other three indices from 1960 to 2020 with a significant abrupt change around 1990

but a noticeable upward trend of these indices was observed after 2014. The spatial distribution of wind erosion climate indices in the Chinese Mollisol region showed an increasing and then decreasing trend from the northwest to the southeast

and topography was a crucial factor affecting the distribution of wind erosion climate indices. Moreover

the Asia Polar Vortex Intensity Index (APVII) was the most important circulation pattern affecting wind erosion climate indices

and the Pacific/North American Pattern (PNA) also had a significant impact on wind erosion climate indices. However

there was no significant correlation between the wind erosion climate indices and the superposition of APVII and PNA

while the superpositions of three APVII-PNA-AO patterns had a significant effect on the occurrence frequency of the threshold wind of transporting sand. Overall

after 2014

there was a rapid increasing trend in the wind erosion climate indices in the Chinese Mollisol region

and both APVII and PNA circulation patterns had significant impacts on the wind erosion climate indices. [Conclusion] The factors that influenced the spatial and temporal patterns of wind erosion climate indices in the Chinese Mollisol region include wind velocity

topography and atmospheric-oceanic circulation patterns

etc. Attention should be paid to the potential wind erosion hazards caused by the enhancement of wind erosion dynamics after 2014.

关键词

Keywords

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