东北典型黑土区土壤侵蚀对有机碳时空变化特征的影响

佟亚宁; 王彬; 王文刚; 周笑; 李力国; IFTIKHARFarhan

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.05.011

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东北典型黑土区土壤侵蚀对有机碳时空变化特征的影响

更新时间：2025-02-18

- 东北典型黑土区土壤侵蚀对有机碳时空变化特征的影响
- Impact of Soil Erosion on the Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Organic Carbon in the Typical Black Soil Region of Northeast China
- 水土保持学报 2024年38卷第5期页码：59-70
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京,100083
  2. 北京林业大学水土保持学院重庆缙云山三峡库区森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,北京,100083
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "佟亚宁(1999—),女,在读硕士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀与水土保持研究。E-mail:1341976097@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(41977060)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.05.011
  中图分类号： 152.7
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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佟亚宁, 王彬, 王文刚, 等. 东北典型黑土区土壤侵蚀对有机碳时空变化特征的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(5):59-70.

TONG Yaning, WANG Bin, WANG Wengang, et al. Impact of Soil Erosion on the Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Organic Carbon in the Typical Black Soil Region of Northeast China[J]. 2024, 38(5): 59-70.
佟亚宁, 王彬, 王文刚, 等. 东北典型黑土区土壤侵蚀对有机碳时空变化特征的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(5):59-70. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.05.011.

TONG Yaning, WANG Bin, WANG Wengang, et al. Impact of Soil Erosion on the Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Organic Carbon in the Typical Black Soil Region of Northeast China[J]. 2024, 38(5): 59-70. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.05.011.

摘要

[目的] 探明土壤有机碳流失时空分布变化对土壤侵蚀强度的响应机制

以期为侵蚀环境下土壤碳循环机制研究提供基础数据

并为解决黑土“变薄变瘦”问题提供科学依据。[方法] 选取松嫩平原典型黑土区的北安市、克山县、克东县、拜泉县等14个市(区、县)为研究对象

采用RUSLE模型并结合GIS空间分析技术分析东北典型黑土区2000—2019年土壤侵蚀与土壤有机碳流失的时空变化特征。[结果] 研究区土壤侵蚀强度整体呈北高南低的分布格局

并以微度侵蚀为主;2000—2019年典型黑土区微度侵蚀面积占比上升趋势不显著

轻度及以上程度的侵蚀面积占比则整体表现为降低态势

其中87.91%的区域侵蚀强度等级未发生明显变化

仅有3.74%的区域侵蚀强度等级升高;土壤有机碳流失空间分布差异明显

总体呈北高南低的分布特征

研究期间土壤有机碳年平均流失强度为4.74 t/(km2 · a);2010—2019年

土壤有机碳流失总量呈增大趋势

其中北安市流失量最大

为研究区总流失量的37.00%;2015—2019年

土壤有机碳流失强度<5 t/(km2 · a)的区域面积占比下降

而流失强度>5 t/(km2 · a)的区域面积占比上升

导致年平均流失强度增大;研究区北部土壤侵蚀强度高的地区由于有机碳丰富

使得其在遭受侵蚀作用时损失的有机碳总量相对较大

形成土壤有机碳流失总量的地域性差异特征。[结论] 侵蚀作用下土壤有机碳流失的时空变化特征

表明严重的土壤侵蚀是坡面土壤有机碳流失的重要驱动因素。

Abstract

[Objective] To investigate the response mechanism of temporal and spatial distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) loss to soil erosion intensity

in order to provide basic data for the study of soil carbon cycling mechanism under erosion environment

and provide scientific basis for solving the problem of "thinning and thinning" of black soil. [Methods] This study selected 14 cities (districts or counties) such as Bei'an

Keshan

Kedong and Baiquan counties in the typical black soil area of Songnen Plain as the research objects

and employed the RUSLE model in conjunction with the spatial analysis techniques of GIS to explore the characteristics of temporal and spatial variations in soil erosion and SOC loss in the typical black soil region of Northeast China from 2000 to 2019. [Results] Soil erosion intensity in the study area exhibits a high-north and low-south distribution pattern

predominantly characterized by slight erosion. From 2000 to 2019

the proportion of slight erosion area in typical black soil area showed a inapparent upward trend

while the proportion of slight erosion area and above showed a decreasing trend. Notably

87.91% of the area did not undergo significant changes in the degree of erosion intensity

with only 3.74% of the are experiencing an escalation in erosion severity. SOC loss exhibited significant spatial distribution differences

generally following a high-north and low-south distribution pattern

with an average annual loss intensity of SOC at 4.74 t/(km2·a). From 2010 to 2019

the total SOC loss showed an increasing trend

with the highest loss occurring in Bei'an

accounting for 37.00% of the total loss in the study area. Between 2015 and 2019

the proportion of areas with soil organic carbon loss intensity less than 5 t/(km2·a) has decreased

while the proportion of areas with loss intensity greater than 5 t/(km2·a) has increased

leading to an increase in the annual average loss intensity. In the northern part of the study area

where soil erosion intensity is high

the abundant SOC content resulted in relatively larger total organic carbon loss upon erosion

giving rise to a distinct regional variation in SOC loss totals. [Conclusion] The temporal and spatial characteristics of SOC loss under the action of erosion

indicating that severe soil erosion is an important driving factor of SOC loss on slope.

关键词

Keywords

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