东北黑土区土壤侵蚀阻力对土地利用类型的响应与影响因素

张宁; 张光辉; 邢书昆

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.05.002

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东北黑土区土壤侵蚀阻力对土地利用类型的响应与影响因素

更新时间：2025-02-18

- 东北黑土区土壤侵蚀阻力对土地利用类型的响应与影响因素
- Soil Resistance and Its Influencing Factors Under Different Land Use Types in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China
- 水土保持学报 2024年38卷第5期页码：40-48
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 北京师范大学地理科学学部,北京,100875
  2. 北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京,100875
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "张宁(2000—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀研究。E-mail:ningzhang@mail.bnu.edu.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1500803)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.05.002
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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张宁, 张光辉, 邢书昆. 东北黑土区土壤侵蚀阻力对土地利用类型的响应与影响因素[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(5):40-48.

ZHANG Ning, ZHANG Guanghui, XING Shukun. Soil Resistance and Its Influencing Factors Under Different Land Use Types in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China[J]. 2024, 38(5): 40-48.
张宁, 张光辉, 邢书昆. 东北黑土区土壤侵蚀阻力对土地利用类型的响应与影响因素[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(5):40-48. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.05.002.

ZHANG Ning, ZHANG Guanghui, XING Shukun. Soil Resistance and Its Influencing Factors Under Different Land Use Types in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China[J]. 2024, 38(5): 40-48. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.05.002.

摘要

[目的] 土壤侵蚀阻力反映了土壤抵抗侵蚀的性能

包括细沟可蚀性(Kr)和土壤临界剪切力(τc)。通过水槽冲刷试验探究不同土地利用类型下土壤侵蚀阻力差异及其主控因素

为揭示东北黑土区土壤侵蚀动力机制提供理论基础。[方法] 在黑龙江省嫩江市鹤山农场鹤北小流域选取7种典型的土地利用类型

利用水槽冲刷试验测定土壤分离能力

拟合了Kr和τc

采用相关分析和偏最小二乘回归方法

确定影响土壤侵蚀阻力的主要因素。[结果] (1)不同土地利用类型样地Kr为0.003~0.372 s/m

道路Kr最高

与农地相比

草地、横向林带、林地、纵向林带和灌木的Kr分别降低94.00%

86.20%

84.00%

83.60%和71.60%;τc为4.84~13.85 Pa

农地和道路较低

分别为4.84

9.80 Pa

其他样地τc均>10.00 Pa

且无显著差异。(2)相关分析结果表明

Kr与黏粒、团聚体稳定性和有机质呈极显著负相关(p <0.01)

与砂粒、黏结力、根系质量密度和混入表土层的枯落物密度呈显著负相关(p <0.05)

与粉粒呈极显著正相关(p <0.01);τc与粉粒呈极显著负相关(p <0.01)

与砂粒和混入表土层的枯落物密度呈极显著正相关(p <0.01)

与有机质和根系质量密度呈显著正相关(p <0.05)。(3)偏最小二乘回归结果表明

Kr主要受土壤黏粒、粉粒、团聚体稳定性、根系质量密度、有机质和混入表土层的枯落物密度影响;τc主要受土壤有机质、混入表土层的枯落物密度、粉粒和根系质量密度影响。[结论] 土地利用类型显著影响土壤侵蚀阻力

草地减缓侵蚀效果最佳

减少农地水土流失至关重要。根系质量密度、枯落物密度、土壤质地、团聚体稳定性和有机质是影响土壤侵蚀阻力的关键因子。研究结果为揭示东北黑土区土地利用类型影响土壤侵蚀动力机制及土地利用优化提供理论基础。

Abstract

[Objective] Soil resistance reflects the characteristics of soil to mitigate erosion and is quantified by rill erodibility (Kr) and critical shear stress (τc). To investigate the difference of soil resistance and its main controlling factors under different land use types through the flume scouring test

which provided a theoretical basis for revealing the dynamic mechanism of soil erosion in Northeast black soil area. [Methods] Seven typical land use types were selected in the Hebei small watershed of Heshan farm

located in Nenjiang city of Heilongjiang Province. Kr and τc were determined using the measured soil detachment capacity by scouring test in a large hydraulic flume. The dominant factors influencing soil resistance were determined by correlation analysis and partial least square regression. [Results] (1) The estimated Kr varied from 0.003 to 0.372 s/m among different land use types. Krof road was the highest. Compared to cropland

Kr of grassland

transverse forest belt

woodland

longitudinal forest belt

and shrub land decreased by 94.00%

86.20%

84.00%

83.60%

and 71.60%. The fitted τc ranged from 4.84 and 13.85 Pa. Cropland and road had lowest τc (4.84 and 9.80 Pa). The differences in τc were not significant between other land use types and were greater than 10.00 Pa. (2) Correlation analysis showed that Kr was significantly correlated with clay content

aggregate stability and organic matter content (p<0.01)

and sand content

soil cohesion

root mass density and litter density mixed within topsoil layer negatively (p<0.05). It was significantly correlated with silt content positively (p<0.01). τc was significantly related to silt content negatively (p<0.01). It was significantly correlation with sand content and topsoil litter density (p<0.01)

and organic matter content and root mass density positively (p<0.05). (3) The results of PLSR analysis demonstrated that the dominant factors influencing Kr were soil clay content

silt content

aggregate stability

root mass density

organic matter content and litter density mixed within topsoil layer. The key factors affecting τc were soil organic matter content

litter density mixed within topsoil layer

silt content and root mass density. [Conclusion] Land use type significantly affects soil resistance. Grassland is most effective at mitigating erosion and is critical for reducing erosion on cropland. Root mass density

litter density

soil texture

aggregate stability and organic matter content are key factors influencing soil resistance. The results of the study provide a theoretical basis for understanding the mechanism of land use type impacting soil erosion dynamics and land use optimization in the black soil area.

关键词

Keywords

references

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