北京市近40年来降雨侵蚀力时空变异特征

冯笛珂; 符素华; 丁建新; 颜婷燕; 徐发军; 腾润平; 张大勇

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.04.033

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北京市近40年来降雨侵蚀力时空变异特征

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 北京市近40年来降雨侵蚀力时空变异特征
- Temporal and Spatial Variations of Rainfall Erosivity in Beijing in Recent 40 Years
- 水土保持学报 2024年38卷第4期页码：132-142
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京,100875
  2. 北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京,100875
  3. 北京市水生态保护与水土保持中心,北京,101117
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "冯笛珂(2001—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀研究。E-mail:fdk0604@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  北京市水土流失监测专项(2023SJCZJCJCZX36);国家自然科学基金项目(42130701)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.04.033
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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冯笛珂, 符素华, 丁建新, 等. 北京市近40年来降雨侵蚀力时空变异特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(4):132-142.

FENG Dike, FU Suhua, DING Jianxin, et al. Temporal and Spatial Variations of Rainfall Erosivity in Beijing in Recent 40 Years[J]. 2024, 38(4): 132-142.
冯笛珂, 符素华, 丁建新, 等. 北京市近40年来降雨侵蚀力时空变异特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(4):132-142. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.04.033.

FENG Dike, FU Suhua, DING Jianxin, et al. Temporal and Spatial Variations of Rainfall Erosivity in Beijing in Recent 40 Years[J]. 2024, 38(4): 132-142. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.04.033.

摘要

[目的] 降雨侵蚀力可以反映降雨对土壤侵蚀的潜在作用

是评价区域土壤侵蚀风险的重要指标。分析北京市1981—2020年降雨侵蚀力时空变异特征

对科学评估和防治区域水土流失风险具有重要意义。[方法] 基于1981—2020年北京市及周边地区119个雨量站点逐日降水数据

采用Kriging插值、Mann-Kendall非参数检验、小波分析等方法对北京市年降雨侵蚀力和中雨(10~25 mm)、大雨(25~50 mm)、暴雨(≥50 mm)降雨侵蚀力的空间分布、趋势变化以及周期变化特征进行分析。[结果] 北京市1991—2020年年降雨侵蚀力范围为1 691.51~3 914.89 (MJ·mm)/(hm2·h·a)

年降雨侵蚀力与大雨和暴雨的降雨侵蚀力的空间分布特征相似

与中雨的降雨侵蚀力的空间分布特征有所差异。空间整体上表现为从东北向周围递减的趋势。近40年来

北京中雨侵蚀力呈显著增加趋势

年降雨侵蚀力、大雨、暴雨以及夏季7

8月的降雨侵蚀力变化趋势均不显著

且均没有发生显著的突变。局部区域如密云、平谷一带的年降雨侵蚀力下降趋势相对较大。年降雨侵蚀力以及中、大、暴雨的降雨侵蚀力变化的主周期约为25年

且存在2~3次"低-高"交替变化。[结论] 研究结果可为北京开展水土保持工作、农业和生态保护等工作提供科学依据。

Abstract

[Objective] Rainfall erosivity serves as an indicator to assess the potential impact of rainfall on soil erosion

playing a crucial role in evaluating regional soil erosion risk. Therefore

analyzing the temporal and spatial variations of rainfall erosivity in Beijing from 1981 to 2020 holds significant importance for scientifically assessing and preventing regional soil erosion risks. [Methods] This study employed Kriging interpolation

Mann-Kendall non-parametric test

and wavelet analysis based on daily precipitation data collected from 119 rainfall stations in Beijing and its surrounding areas between 1981 and 2020. These methods were utilized to analyze the spatial distribution

trend changes

and periodic fluctuations of annual rainfall erosivity as well as erosivity associated with moderate rain (10~25 mm)

heavy rain (25~50 mm)

and extreme rain (≥50 mm) in Beijing. [Results] The annual rainfall erosivity in Beijing ranged from 1 691.51 to 3 914.89 (MJ·mm)/(hm2·h·a) during the period from 1991 to 2020. The spatial distribution characteristics of annual rainfall erosivity exhibited similarities with heavy rain and rainstorm but differed from moderate rain patterns. Overall

there was a decreasing trend observed from northeast regions towards the surrounding areas. Over the past four decades

moderate rainfall erosivity demonstrated a significant increasing trend in Beijing; however

no significant mutations or trends were observed for annual rainfall erosivity

heavy rain events

rainstorms or July-August summer precipitation erosivity. Notably large decreasing trends were identified for annual rainfall erosivity within local areas such as Miyun and Pinggu districts. The main cycle for both annual rainfall erosivity and medium-to-heavy intensity precipitation lasted approximately twenty-five years with two to three alternating "low-high" changes. [Conclusion] The study can offer a scientific foundation for soil and water conservation

agricultural practices

and ecological preservation in Beijing.

关键词

Keywords

references

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