东北黑土坡耕地土壤化学计量特征变化对侵蚀的响应

康晓祺; 何彦星; 张风宝; 杨明义

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.04.007

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东北黑土坡耕地土壤化学计量特征变化对侵蚀的响应

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 东北黑土坡耕地土壤化学计量特征变化对侵蚀的响应
- Response of Soil Stoichiometric to Soil Erosion on Slope Farmland in Black Soil Region of Northeast China
- 水土保持学报 2024年38卷第4期页码：20-28
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西北农林科技大学水土保持科学与工程学院, 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌,712100
  2. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌,712100
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "康晓祺(1997—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事坡面土壤侵蚀过程研究。E-mail:kangxiaoqi7@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(42177340,41877080);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0507001)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.04.007
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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康晓祺, 何彦星, 张风宝, 等. 东北黑土坡耕地土壤化学计量特征变化对侵蚀的响应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(4):20-28.

KANG Xiaoqi, HE Yanxing, ZHANG Fengbao, et al. Response of Soil Stoichiometric to Soil Erosion on Slope Farmland in Black Soil Region of Northeast China[J]. 2024, 38(4): 20-28.
康晓祺, 何彦星, 张风宝, 等. 东北黑土坡耕地土壤化学计量特征变化对侵蚀的响应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(4):20-28. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.04.007.

KANG Xiaoqi, HE Yanxing, ZHANG Fengbao, et al. Response of Soil Stoichiometric to Soil Erosion on Slope Farmland in Black Soil Region of Northeast China[J]. 2024, 38(4): 20-28. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.04.007.

摘要

[目的] 探究土壤侵蚀对土壤养分含量及其化学计量比的影响

对于加深认识黑土区坡耕地质量退化过程及防控具有重要意义。[方法] 选择典型黑土区克山县开垦100多年的直形坡和开垦50多年的凸形坡为研究对象

根据137Cs示踪技术估算坡耕地土壤侵蚀速率

定量分析土壤侵蚀与土壤有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)含量及生态化学计量比的关系。[结果] (1)利用137Cs示踪法得到坡面整体的年平均侵蚀速率为4 428.56 t/(km2·a)

直形坡和凸形坡侵蚀速率平均值分别为3 284.53

5 884.59 t/(km2·a)

侵蚀总量分别为3.21×105

2.94×105 t/km2。(2)坡面整体碳氮比(C/N)与SOC呈极显著正相关(p<0.01)

碳磷比(C/P)与SOC呈极显著正相关(p＜0.01)

氮磷比(N/P)与TP呈极显著负相关(p＜0.01)。直形坡SOC、TN、C/N、C/P和N/P均极显著小于凸形坡养分含量和化学计量比值(p＜0.01)

TP含量大于凸形坡TP含量(p＜0.01)。(3)坡面土壤侵蚀空间分布特征与土壤有机碳、全氮及全磷的空间分布具有一致性。坡面土壤侵蚀量与SOC、TN、TP、C/P均呈极显著负相关(p<0.01)

与C/N呈显著负相关(p<0.05)

与N/P呈负相关但相关性不显著(p>0.05)。[结论] 土壤侵蚀导致坡面土壤SOC、TN和TP在坡面再分布

影响土壤养分化学计量比

造成坡面养分流失严重。

Abstract

[Objective] The impact of soil erosion on nutrient content and stoichiometric ratios in soil is crucial for further comprehending and effective control of quality degradation in the sloping farmlands of black soil regions. [Methods] Selecting straight slopes cultivated for over a century and a convex slope cultivated for more than five decades in the typical black soil area of Keshan County as the research objects

utilizing 137Cs tracing method to estimate soil erosion rates on the slopes. Quantitative analysis was conducted on the relationship between soil erosion and key parameters such as soil organic carbon (SOC)

total nitrogen (TN)

and total phosphorus (TP) contents

along with the stoichiometric ratio in the ecological chemistry. [Results] (1) Using 137Cs tracing technique

the average annual erosion rate of the whole slope was 4 428.56 t/(km2·a)

the average erosion rates of the linear and convex slopes were 3 284.53

5 884.59 t/(km2·a)

and the total erosion volumes were calculated at 3.21×105

2.94×105 t/km2

respectively. (2) The overall carbon/nitrogen ratio (C/N) on the slopes showed a highly significant positive correlation with SOC (p<0.01)

and the carbon/phosphorus ratio (C/P) correlated positively and significantly with SOC (p<0.01). Conversely

the nitrogen/phosphorus ratio (N/P) demonstrated a highly significant negative correlation with TP (p<0.01). On linear slopes

SOC

C/N

C/P and N/P were significantly lower than those on convex slopes (p<0.01)

while TP content was higher than that on convex slopes (p<0.01). (3) The spatial distribution characteristics of soil erosion on the slopes align with the distribution of SOC

TN and TP. The amount of soil erosion on the slopes exhibited a highly significant negative correlation with SOC

TP and C/P (p<0.01)

and a significant negative correlation with C/N (p<0.05). The correlation with N/P is negative

though not statistically significant (p>0.05). [Conclusion] Ultimately

soil erosion redistributed SOC

TN and TP on the slopes

affecting the stoichiometric ratios of soil nutrients and leading to substantial nutrient loss on the slopes.

关键词

Keywords

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