吉林省西部盐碱地综合开发多情景模拟与水资源效应

李文博; 姜博文; 王晶滢

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.03.028

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吉林省西部盐碱地综合开发多情景模拟与水资源效应

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 吉林省西部盐碱地综合开发多情景模拟与水资源效应
- Multi-scenario Simulation and Water Resource Effects of Integrated Utilization of Saline-alkali Land in Western Jilin Province
- 水土保持学报 2024年38卷第3期页码：159-167
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 东北大学文法学院,沈阳,110169
  2. 辽宁土地利用与保护研究基地,沈阳,110169
  3. 辽宁省自然资源土地保护与利用重点实验室,沈阳,110169
  4. 吉林大学地球科学学院,长春,130061
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "李文博(1990—),男,吉林长春人,副教授,博士,博士生导师,主要从事耕地利用与保护研究。E-mail:liwb@wfxy.neu.edu.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(42001223);中央高校基本科研业务专项(N232405-24)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.03.028
  中图分类号： S287;X171.1
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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李文博, 姜博文, 王晶滢. 吉林省西部盐碱地综合开发多情景模拟与水资源效应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(3):159-167.

LI Wenbo, JIANG Bowen, WANG Jingying. Multi-scenario Simulation and Water Resource Effects of Integrated Utilization of Saline-alkali Land in Western Jilin Province[J]. 2024, 38(3): 159-167.
李文博, 姜博文, 王晶滢. 吉林省西部盐碱地综合开发多情景模拟与水资源效应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(3):159-167. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.03.028.

LI Wenbo, JIANG Bowen, WANG Jingying. Multi-scenario Simulation and Water Resource Effects of Integrated Utilization of Saline-alkali Land in Western Jilin Province[J]. 2024, 38(3): 159-167. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.03.028.

摘要

[目的] 盐碱地综合开发利用是提高农业生产力、践行大食物观的必然选择。但受限于开发利用模式单一、耗水压力较大

亟待探索多元化治理模式并依据其水资源效应开展优化调控。[方法] 以吉林省西部地区为研究区

采用FLUS模型预测2030年盐碱地资源在自然发展、粮食安全、粮饲综合开发和生态安全4种情景下的开发利用格局

并对不同情景下的产水量变化进行评估。[结果] (1)2000—2020年研究区开发利用盐碱地1 540.18 km2

主要被恢复为草地或开垦为耕地

但其中旱地次生退化风险较高。(2)不同情景下盐碱地开发均以耕地利用为主。粮食安全情景下水田和旱地开垦面积占比分别为67.48%

4.23%。相较于自然发展情景

粮饲综合开发情景下盐碱地恢复为草地的面积增加139.18 km2

生态安全情景下生态用地规模显著提高。(3)至2030年

4种发展情景下研究区产水量较基期均有所下降

生态安全情景下降幅度最大

达到3.71×108 m3。相比之下

粮饲综合开发情景充分保障粮食和饲草生产

同时缓和盐碱地治理所导致的水资源压力。[结论] 松嫩平原盐碱地开发利用应充分考虑粮饲综合开发模式

统筹粮食和饲草供应

协调粮食和生态安全

以大食物观引领国土空间生态修复和退化土地的开发利用。

Abstract

[Objective] The integrated utilization of saline-alkali land remains a quintessential stratagem to enhance grain yield whilst embracing the principle of Greater Food. The current simplistic reclamation approaches and the intensive water demands

however

call for a thorough investigation of diversified management strategies and interventions that take into account the impact on water resources. [Methods] The study selected the western part of Jilin province as the study area and adopted the FLUS model to forecast the utilization patterns of saline-alkali land resources until 2030 under four scenarios: Natural progression

grain security

integration of grain and forage production

and ecological protection. The InVEST model was then applied to evaluate the variations in water yield across these scenarios. [Results] (1) From 2000 to 2020

1 540.18 km2 of saline-alkali land in the study area was put to use

predominantly restored to grassland or reclaimed as cultivated land

with a substantial risk of secondary salinization in drylands. (2) Under all scenarios

the reclamation of saline-alkali land for agriculture prevailed. In the grain security scenario

the paddy fields and drylands accounted for 67.48% and 4.23%

respectively. When compared with the natural progression scenario

the grassland area was set to expand by 139.18 km2 in the integration of grain and forage production scenario

and ecological land would increase substantially under the ecological protection scenario. (3) By 2030

water yield is projected to decrease in all four scenarios relative to the baseline period

with the ecological protection scenario facing the steepest reduction at 3.71×108 m3. Conversely

the integration of grain and forage scenario offered a well-balanced solution

ensuring the output of crops and forage while easing the water pressures initiated by the management of saline-alkali land. [Conclusion] Utilization of saline-alkali land in the Songnen Plain requires a balanced and strategic approach that supports both grain and forage production. Efforts should be made on maintaining the equilibrium between the supply of agricultural and fodder resources whilst ensuring food and ecological security. The overarching goal is to regulate the ecological restoration of our territorial space and utilization of degraded lands following the concept of Greater Food.

关键词

Keywords

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