三峡水库消落带生境特征与植被恢复模式

饶洁; 唐强; 冯韫; 韦杰; 贺秀斌

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.01.040

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三峡水库消落带生境特征与植被恢复模式

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 三峡水库消落带生境特征与植被恢复模式
- Habitat Condition and Vegetation Restoration Patterns in the Water Level Fluctuation Zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir
- 水土保持学报 2024年38卷第1期页码：310-318
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西南大学地理科学学院, 重庆金佛山喀斯特生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,重庆,400715
  2. 重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院, 重庆市三峡库区地表生态过程野外科学观测研究站,重庆,401331
  3. 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 中国科学院山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室,成都,610299
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "饶洁(1998—),女,硕士,主要从事水库消落带植被监测与生态修复研究。E-mail:rj2020@email.swu.edu.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  重庆市杰出青年科学基金项目(cstc2021jcyj-jqX0026);西南大学先导计划青年团队项目(SWU-XDJH202306);国家自然科学基金项目(U2040207);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(SWU020013)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.01.040
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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饶洁, 唐强, 冯韫, 等. 三峡水库消落带生境特征与植被恢复模式[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(1):310-318.

RAO Jie, TANG Qiang, FENG Yun, et al. Habitat Condition and Vegetation Restoration Patterns in the Water Level Fluctuation Zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir[J]. 2024, 38(1): 310-318.
饶洁, 唐强, 冯韫, 等. 三峡水库消落带生境特征与植被恢复模式[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(1):310-318. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.01.040.

RAO Jie, TANG Qiang, FENG Yun, et al. Habitat Condition and Vegetation Restoration Patterns in the Water Level Fluctuation Zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir[J]. 2024, 38(1): 310-318. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.01.040.

摘要

[目的] 三峡水库蓄水运行后消落带生境破碎斑块化加剧

极端生境胁迫严重损害植被的结构和功能。厘清三峡水库消落带生境状况

提出适宜性植被恢复对策

重建河流受损廊道综合生态功能

对构建区域生态安全格局和保障长江流域水资源安全具有重要意义。[方法] 针对三峡水库消落带植被退化与生态功能受损的突出问题

系统解析了消落带生境特征及其对植被生长的影响

围绕水库河岸受损廊道生态修复重大需求

探讨面向消落带微生境构建与植被格局功能优化的三峡水库消落带植被恢复模式。[结果] 三峡水库消落带生境状况受水库运行形成的独特水位节律、出露期植被生长季气候条件、土壤侵蚀与泥沙沉积过程、土壤环境等多生境因子协同影响

呈现高度空间异质性特征。水位变动形成的淹没时长、出露时令、淹水强度是影响植株繁衍、生长的首要因素;土壤侵蚀、泥沙掩埋、土壤水养条件等影响植被生长状况。[结论] 三峡水库消落带植被恢复需综合考虑水位节律、立地条件与物种形态-功能性状

选育优质抗逆物种

注重土壤基质保育

突出植被格局的分区优化配置。重建消落带综合生态功能

为水库消落带生态治理提供理论支撑和科学依据。

Abstract

[Objective] The Three Gorges Reservoir’s impoundment has speed up habitat fragmentation and patching in the water level fluctuation zone

and extreme habitat stress has seriously damaged the structure and function of vegetation. Clarifying the habitat status of the water level fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir

proposing an adaptive vegetation restoration strategy

and reconstructing the comprehensive ecological function of damaged river corridor are of utmost importance for building regional ecological security pattern and ensuring water resources security of the Yangtze River Basin. [Methods] In response to the prominent issues of vegetation degradation and ecological function damage

we systematically analyzed multiple habitat conditions and their influence on riparian vegetation growth. Focusing on the basic requirements for ecological restoration of damaged river corridor along reservoir banks

a vegetation restoration pattern for construction of suitable microhabitats and optimization of vegetation functional pattern was explored. [Results] The habitat conditions of the water level fluctuation zone were jointly regulated by unique water level rhythm formed by reservoir

operation

climate condition during the exposed

soil erosion and sedimentation and soil environment

which presented a distinctive spatial heterogeneity pattern. Among these

inundation duration

emergence time

and inundation intensity by seasonal water fluctuation were the primary factors affecting plant reproduction and development

while soil erosion

sedimentation burial and soil substrates affected vegetation growth. [Conclusion] Accordingly

water level

site conditions and morphological-functional trait characteristics of various vegetation should be comprehensively considered when planning vegetation restoration in the water level fluctuation zone. Meanwhile

the high-quality stress-resistant species selection

site preparation measures for soil condition improvement

and the zonal optimization of vegetation patterns were beneficial for rebuilding the comprehensive ecological function of the water level fluctuation zone. This provided theoretical support and scientific basis for the ecological management of the water level fluctuation zone in the Three Gorges Reservoir.

关键词

Keywords

references

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