金沙江干热河谷典型水电开发对局地气候的影响

汪东川; 俞长锦; 孙苗苗; 魏奥泽; 王思润; 李亭蓉; 张万恒

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.01.038

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金沙江干热河谷典型水电开发对局地气候的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 金沙江干热河谷典型水电开发对局地气候的影响
- Impacts of Typical Hydropower Development on Local Climate in the Dry-Hot Valley of the Jinsha River
- 水土保持学报 2024年38卷第1期页码：158-166
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 天津城建大学地质与测绘学院,天津,300384
  2. 天津市水质科学与技术重点实验室,天津,300384
  3. 航天宏图信息技术股份有限公司,天津,300384
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "汪东川(1972—),男,博士,教授,主要从事景观格局动态监测分析与模拟研究。E-mail:mrwangdc@126.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(42271103)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.01.038
  中图分类号： P463.1
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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汪东川, 俞长锦, 孙苗苗, 等. 金沙江干热河谷典型水电开发对局地气候的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(1):158-166.

WANG Dongchuan, YU Changjin, SUN Miaomiao, et al. Impacts of Typical Hydropower Development on Local Climate in the Dry-Hot Valley of the Jinsha River[J]. 2024, 38(1): 158-166.
汪东川, 俞长锦, 孙苗苗, 等. 金沙江干热河谷典型水电开发对局地气候的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(1):158-166. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.01.038.

WANG Dongchuan, YU Changjin, SUN Miaomiao, et al. Impacts of Typical Hydropower Development on Local Climate in the Dry-Hot Valley of the Jinsha River[J]. 2024, 38(1): 158-166. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.01.038.

摘要

[目的] 探究水电开发对局地气候的影响

是预防和减轻水电开发可能带来的负面效应

实现能源的可持续发展与环境保护的重要保障。[方法] 选取金沙江中游的龙开口、观音岩及下游的溪洛渡、向家坝4个典型水电站

运用气候倾向率、M-K趋势检验和小波分析等方法

定量分析了中下游水电局地气温、降水在蓄水前后的月、季、年变化及在水电开发中的突变情况和周期性特征。[结果] (1)蓄水后

水电站对河谷内最高温起抑制作用

最低温起抬升作用;夏季和秋季

下游水电站发挥了降温作用

月平均气温2

11月下降显著

而中游水电站调温作用不明显

仅7月平均气温略有下降。(2)蓄水后

各季节降水量均有增加

在4

9月增加显著

增幅为0.71~27.95 mm。(3)气温、降水与水电开发相关

中下游水电站的气温、降水在开发中和蓄水后发生不同时间的突变。(4)气温和降水在小波变化周期上呈现相似的特征

蓄水后

局地降水呈现出更显著的周期性

并且具有一定稳定性。[结论] 不同时间尺度上

水电开发在不同河段上影响局地气温和降水的程度不同

受到地理位置、周边环境及蓄水时长的多重因素制约。

Abstract

[Objective] Exploring the impact of hydropower development on local climate is an important guarantee for preventing and mitigating the possible negative effects of hydropower development and realizing sustainable energy development and environmental protection. [Methods] Four typical hydropower stations

Longkaikou and Guanyinyan in the middle reaches of the Jinsha River and Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba in the lower reaches of the river

were selected. By applying the climatic propensity rate

the M-K trend test

and the wavelet analysis

this study quantitatively analyzed the monthly

seasonal and yearly changes of temperature and precipitation before and after the impoundment of water in the middle and lower reaches of the river

as well as the sudden changes in the development of hydropower and the cyclical characteristics. [Results] (1) After water storage

the hydropower station had an inhibitory effect on the highest temperature and an uplifting effect on the lowest temperature in the valley. In summer and autumn

the downstream hydropower station played a cooling role

and the average monthly temperature decreased significantly in February

June

July

September

October and November

while the midstream hydropower station did not have the temperature regulation effect

with only a slight decrease in average air temperature in July. (2) After water storage

precipitation in each season increased significantly

with an increase of 0.71~27.95 mm in April

August

and September. (3) Air temperature and precipitation were related to hydropower development

and the air temperature and precipitation of the mid-and downstream hydropower stations underwent abrupt changes at different times during the development and after the water storage. (4) Air temperature and precipitation showed similar characteristics in wavelet change period

and after water storage

local precipitation showed more significant periodicity and had a certain degree of stability. [Conclusion] At different time scales

hydropower development affected local temperature and precipitation varied across river reaches

and was constrained by multiple factors such as geographic location

the surrounding environment and water storage duration.

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Keywords

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