基于多目标优化方法的滑坡易发性评价

张兴存; 蒋玉琳; 王玉杰; 祁子寒; 王云琦

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.01.030

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基于多目标优化方法的滑坡易发性评价

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- 基于多目标优化方法的滑坡易发性评价
- Evaluation of Landslide Susceptibility Based on Multi-objective Optimization Method
- 水土保持学报 2024年38卷第1期页码：104-112
- 作者机构：
  
  北京林业大学水土保持学院重庆缙云山三峡库区森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 北京林业大学水土保持学院重庆三峡库区森林生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站,北京,100083
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "张兴存(1997—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事山地灾害防治研究。E-mail:zhangxingcum@bjfu.edu.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(31971726)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.01.030
  中图分类号： P642.22
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
张兴存, 蒋玉琳, 王玉杰, 等. 基于多目标优化方法的滑坡易发性评价[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(1):104-112.

ZHANG Xingcun, JIANG Yulin, WANG Yujie, et al. Evaluation of Landslide Susceptibility Based on Multi-objective Optimization Method[J]. 2024, 38(1): 104-112.
张兴存, 蒋玉琳, 王玉杰, 等. 基于多目标优化方法的滑坡易发性评价[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(1):104-112. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.01.030.

ZHANG Xingcun, JIANG Yulin, WANG Yujie, et al. Evaluation of Landslide Susceptibility Based on Multi-objective Optimization Method[J]. 2024, 38(1): 104-112. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.01.030.

摘要

[目的] 在滑坡易发性评价中

滑坡预测模型的选取和优化对运算过程的高效性和预测结果的准确性至关重要。针对现有单目标遗传优化算法(genetic algorithm

GA)易陷入早熟、局部搜索能力差、全局优化速度慢等问题

拟提出一种新的优化算法框架

将多目标遗传算法中的经典算法—带精英选择策略的非支配排序算法(the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm with an elite strategy

NSGA-Ⅱ)与常用机器学习模型[随机森林(random forest

RF)、支持向量机(support vector machine

SVM)]相结合

进行滑坡易发性预测。与单目标优化不同的是

NSGA-Ⅱ算法可同时进行特征选择和超参数优化

并使预测模型同时实现最优准确度、召回率、精密度和AUC(area under curve

AUC)。[方法] 以三峡库区重庆段为研究区

从模型精度评价、滑坡灾害易发性分区图、分区统计3个方面对4种优化模型(RF-GA、SVM-GA、RF-NSGA-II、SVM-NSGA-II)进行对比分析。[结果] NSGA-II较GA优化效果更明显

在模型评价和滑坡易发性分区方面

RF-NSGA-II模型具有更高的预测性能

4项评价值分别为80.91%

81.89%

80.07%

88.60%

证明NSGA-II优化算法的有效性;极低至极高危险区面积占比依次为23.06%

22.46%

22.96%

19.99%

11.53%

验证了RF-NSGA-II模型的可靠性。由RF-NSGA-II模型预测得到的易发性图表明

高和极高易发性区集中在研究区北部

且由东向西呈带状分布。[结论] 研究采取的基于多目标选择的RF-NSGA-II模型

为滑坡易发性评价中机器学习模型调优提供新思路。

Abstract

[Objective] In the landslide susceptibility assessment

the selection and optimization of the landslide prediction model are very important to the efficiency of the calculation process and the accuracy of the prediction results. Aiming at the problems that the existing single-objective genetic optimization algorithm (Genetic Algorithm

GA) is prone to premature maturity

poor local search ability

and slow global optimization speed

this paper develops a new optimization algorithm framework

which integrates the classic algorithm in the multi-objective genetic algorithm-Non-dominated sorting method with elite selection strategy (NSGA-II) combined with common machine learning algorithms

random forest (RF)

and support vector machine (SVM) to predict landslide susceptibility. Different from single objective optimization

NSGA-II algorithm can perform feature selection and hyper-parameter optimization simultaneously

and make the prediction model achieve optimal accuracy

recall

precision and AUC (area under curve

AUC) at the same time. [Methods] Taking the Chongqing section of the Three Gorges reservoir area as the study area

the four optimized models (RF-GA

SVM-GA

RF-NSGA-II. and SVM-NSGA-II) were compared and analyzed in three aspects: model accuracy evaluation

landslide hazard susceptibility zoning map

and zoning statistics. [Results] NSGA-II was more effective than GA optimization

and in terms of model evaluation and landslide susceptibility zoning

the RF-NSGA-II model had higher predictive performance

with four evaluation values of 80.91%

81.89%

80.07% and 88.60% respectively

proving the effectiveness of the NSGA-II optimization algorithm; the area share of very low to very high hazard zones were in the order of 23.06%

22.46%

22.96%

19.99%

and 11.53%

which verified the reliability of the RF-NSGA-II model. The susceptibility map predicted by the RF-NSGA-II model showed that the high and extremely high susceptibility areas were concentrated in the north and distributed in bands from east to west. [Conclusion] RF-NSGA-II algorithm based on multi-objective selection provides a new idea for the optimization of machine learning model for landslide risk assessment.

关键词

Keywords

references

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