基于RUSLE模型和地理探测器的鄂西南土壤侵蚀脆弱性评价

杨严攀; 田培; 沈晨竹; 平耀东; 贾婷惠; 乐雪; 黄建武

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.01.015

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基于RUSLE模型和地理探测器的鄂西南土壤侵蚀脆弱性评价

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 基于RUSLE模型和地理探测器的鄂西南土壤侵蚀脆弱性评价
- Vulnerability Assessment of Soil Erosion in Southwestern Hubei Province Based on RUSLE Model and Geographic Detector
- 水土保持学报 2024年38卷第1期页码：91-103
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 华中师范大学地理过程分析与模拟湖北省重点实验室,武汉,430079
  2. 华中师范大学城市与环境科学学院,武汉,430079
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "杨严攀(2000—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀研究。E-mail:1481140237@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(42377354);湖北省自然科学基金面上项目(2021CFB550);长江科学院开放研究基金项目(CKWV20221038/KY)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.01.015
  中图分类号： X825
- 纸质出版：2024
- 稿件说明：
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杨严攀, 田培, 沈晨竹, 等. 基于RUSLE模型和地理探测器的鄂西南土壤侵蚀脆弱性评价[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(1):91-103.

YANG Yanpan, TIAN Pei, SHEN Chenzhu, et al. Vulnerability Assessment of Soil Erosion in Southwestern Hubei Province Based on RUSLE Model and Geographic Detector[J]. 2024, 38(1): 91-103.
杨严攀, 田培, 沈晨竹, 等. 基于RUSLE模型和地理探测器的鄂西南土壤侵蚀脆弱性评价[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024,38(1):91-103. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.01.015.

YANG Yanpan, TIAN Pei, SHEN Chenzhu, et al. Vulnerability Assessment of Soil Erosion in Southwestern Hubei Province Based on RUSLE Model and Geographic Detector[J]. 2024, 38(1): 91-103. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2024.01.015.

摘要

[目的] 水土流失是鄂西南突出的生态问题

合理评估该区域的土壤侵蚀脆弱性

并探究其驱动机制是采取有效水土保持措施的前提。[方法] 从人地耦合系统视角分析自然和社会经济因素对鄂西南土壤侵蚀的影响

从暴露度、敏感性和适应能力3个方面构建了鄂西南土壤侵蚀脆弱性评价指标体系

并采用综合赋权法确定指标权重。[结果] (1)2010—2020年鄂西南土壤侵蚀脆弱性总体上呈现先降低后升高的趋势

强烈及以上强度的土壤侵蚀脆弱性呈现零星的碎片化分布格局

且主要集中在鄂西南的中南部和东部宜昌市辖区的西部地区;(2)研究区敏感性最高的区域集中在海拔800~1 500 m

敏感性在坡度25°~35°最大

并呈现出向两侧递减的趋势

当坡度＞15°时

较高及以上敏感性面积急剧增加;(3)较高及以上土壤侵蚀脆弱性高于土壤侵蚀强度

较低及以下土壤侵蚀脆弱性低于土壤侵蚀强度

土壤侵蚀脆弱性与土壤侵蚀强度存在协同变化趋势;(4)土壤侵蚀脆弱性的分布格局是多因素协同作用造成的

地理探测器的分析表明坡度、植被覆盖度、教育质量和城镇化率对土壤侵蚀脆弱性的解释力较强。[结论] 未来需要高度重视对坡度>15°地区植被覆盖的保护

并通过提高当地的教育质量

加强水土保持的宣传力度

提升当地居民的水土保持意识。

Abstract

[Objective] Soil erosion is a prominent ecological problem in southwestern Hubei Province. A reasonable assessment of the vulnerability of soil erosion in this area and exploration of its driving mechanisms are prerequisites for effective soil and water conservation measures. [Methods] The effects of natural and socio-economic factors on soil erosion in southwest Hubei were analyzed from the perspective of the human-land coupling system. The evaluation index system of soil erosion vulnerability in southwest Hubei was constructed from three aspects: exposure

sensitivity

and adaptability. The comprehensive weighting method was used to determine the index weight. [Results] (1) From 2010 to 2020

the vulnerability of soil erosion in southwest Hubei generally showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing. The vulnerability of soil erosion with strong and above intensity showed a fragmented distribution pattern

which was mainly concentrated in the central and southern parts of southwest Hubei and the western part of Yichang municipal district in the east. (2) The area with the highest sensitivity in the study area was concentrated at an altitude of 800 ~ 1 500 m

and the sensitivity was the largest at a slope of 25° ~ 35°

and showed a decreasing trend to both sides. When the slope was greater than 15°

the area with higher and higher sensitivity increased sharply; (3) Soil erosion vulnerability was higher than soil erosion intensity at higher and above soil erosion levels

and lower than soil erosion intensity at lower and below soil erosion levels. There was a synergistic trend between soil erosion vulnerability and soil erosion intensity. (4) The distribution pattern of soil erosion vulnerability was caused by a multi-factor synergy. The analysis of the geographical detector showed that slope

vegetation coverage

education quality

and urbanization rate have strong explanatory power for soil erosion vulnerability. [Conclusion] In the future

it is necessary to attach great importance to the protection of vegetation coverage in areas with a slope>15°

and to enhance the awareness of local residents about soil and water conservation by improving the quality of local education and strengthening the publicity of soil and water conservation.

关键词

Keywords

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