渭干河上游流域近60年的入库水沙变化特征及趋势分析

姚海坤; 侍克斌; 孔选昭; 刘思海; 张明旺

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.05.015

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渭干河上游流域近60年的入库水沙变化特征及趋势分析

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 渭干河上游流域近60年的入库水沙变化特征及趋势分析
- Analysis of the Characteristics and Trend of Runoff and Sediment of Reservoir in the Upper Reaches of the Weigan River in the Past 60 Years
- 水土保持学报 2023年37卷第5期页码：121-129
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,乌鲁木齐,830052
  2. 新疆大学地理与遥感科学学院,乌鲁木齐,830046
  3. 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 陕西杨凌,712100
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "姚海坤(1995-),男,博士研究生,主要从事大库盘水库泥沙淤积防治研究。E-mail:haikunyao@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  新疆水利科技专项(T201801)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.05.015
  中图分类号： P333
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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姚海坤, 侍克斌, 孔选昭, 等. 渭干河上游流域近60年的入库水沙变化特征及趋势分析[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(5):121-129.

YAO Haikun, SHI Kebin, KONG Xuanzhao, et al. Analysis of the Characteristics and Trend of Runoff and Sediment of Reservoir in the Upper Reaches of the Weigan River in the Past 60 Years[J]. 2023, 37(5): 121-129.
姚海坤, 侍克斌, 孔选昭, 等. 渭干河上游流域近60年的入库水沙变化特征及趋势分析[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(5):121-129. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.05.015.

YAO Haikun, SHI Kebin, KONG Xuanzhao, et al. Analysis of the Characteristics and Trend of Runoff and Sediment of Reservoir in the Upper Reaches of the Weigan River in the Past 60 Years[J]. 2023, 37(5): 121-129. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.05.015.

摘要

研究干旱半干旱地区多沙河流的水沙特性及趋势

对流域内水沙调控、水沙预测具有重要意义。基于宏观(微观)的角度来详细研究干旱半干旱地区多沙河流的水沙特性及趋势

以期为流域内水沙调控、水沙预测提供理论帮助。应用累积距平法、ITA法和ITA-CB法计算克孜尔水库入库流量、入库输沙率

并分别从年内、年际、年代际3个尺度系统地分析流量、输沙率的变化特征与趋势。结果表明:(1)年内水沙分布特征高度相似

二者的最高值均分布在7月

其最低值分别分布在3月和1月

年际尺度上波动性强且差异明显;(2)年度入库流量呈现上升趋势且有增加倾向

夏季表现为上升趋势且存在减弱倾向

其中高值区升高趋势减弱

需要注意干旱的极端气候;(3)年度输沙率呈上升趋势

季度尺度下的趋势特征均表现为下降趋势

其中夏秋两季下降趋势有减弱倾向

冬季出现增强倾向。与传统分析方法相比

ITA与ITA-CB方法能够有效识别出序列内部间存在的微观趋势

有助于详细分析区域水沙的变化特征。

Abstract

Studying the runoff and sediment characteristics and trends of sandy rivers in arid and semi-arid regions is of great significance for water and sediment regulation and prediction in the basin. Based on the macro (micro) perspective

the characteristics and trends of sandy rivers in arid and semi-arid areas were studied in detail

in order to provide theoretical help for flow and sediment regulation and prediction in river basins. In this study

the umulative distance method

ITA method and ITA-CB method were used to calculate the inflow flow and sediment transport rate of Kezier Reservoir

meanwhile the characteristics and trends of flow and sediment transport rate were systematically analyzed from the three scales of intrayear

interannual and interdecade scales. The results showed that:(1) The distribution characteristics of flow and sediment were highly similar in the year

with the highest value in July and the lowest value in March and January

respectively

with strong volatility and obvious differences on the interannual scale. (2) The annual inbound flow in the past 58 years showed an upward trend with an increasing tendency

and in summer it showed an upward trend with a weakening tendency

among which the upward trend of the high-value area weakened

and it was necessary to pay attention to the extreme climate of drought. (3) The annual sediment transport rate showed an upward trend

and the trend characteristics under the quarterly scale showed a downward trend

among which the downward trend in summer and autumn tended to weaken

and it showed a tendency to strengthen in winter. Compared with traditional analysis methods

ITA and ITA-CB methods could effectively identify the microscopic trends within the sequence

and were more helpful for analyzing the changes of regional flow and sediment in detail.

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