草被覆盖、雨强和坡度对黄土坡面径流含沙量的影响

崔钦凯; 刘俊娥; 陈浩; 周正朝

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.05.005

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

草被覆盖、雨强和坡度对黄土坡面径流含沙量的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 草被覆盖、雨强和坡度对黄土坡面径流含沙量的影响
- Influence of Grass Coverage, Rain Intensity and Slope on Sediment Concentration of Runoff on Loess Slope
- 水土保持学报 2023年37卷第5期页码：40-47
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,西安,710119
  2. 延安大学生命科学学院,陕西,延安,716000
  3. 西安理工大学水利水电学院,西安,710048
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "崔钦凯(1999-),男,河南漯河人,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀过程与机理研究。E-mail:checkay@snnu.edu.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(42077058, 42107359)陕西省高校科协青年人才托举计划项目(20210705)中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2022MD713800)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.05.005
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
崔钦凯, 刘俊娥, 陈浩, 等. 草被覆盖、雨强和坡度对黄土坡面径流含沙量的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(5):40-47.

CUI Qinkai, LIU Jun'e, CHEN Hao, et al. Influence of Grass Coverage, Rain Intensity and Slope on Sediment Concentration of Runoff on Loess Slope[J]. 2023, 37(5): 40-47.
崔钦凯, 刘俊娥, 陈浩, 等. 草被覆盖、雨强和坡度对黄土坡面径流含沙量的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(5):40-47. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.05.005.

CUI Qinkai, LIU Jun'e, CHEN Hao, et al. Influence of Grass Coverage, Rain Intensity and Slope on Sediment Concentration of Runoff on Loess Slope[J]. 2023, 37(5): 40-47. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.05.005.

摘要

径流含沙量的大小体现水沙关系的消长和演变

可以作为评价植被影响下径流和产沙的交互演变过程特征的重要指标。通过人工降雨试验

研究不同草被覆盖度变化在不同雨强和不同坡度条件下对黄土坡面径流含沙量的综合影响特征。结果表明:(1)草被盖度越大

坡面径流的初始产流时间越滞后。有草被覆盖坡面的径流含沙量随降雨历时变化为降雨前15 min有波动

但总体上呈降低趋势

之后达到稳定

且有草被覆盖坡面的径流含沙量显著低于裸地。(2)径流平均含沙量均随雨强和坡度的增大而增大

平均含沙量对雨强和坡度的响应均可用幂函数方程描述

R2分别为0.823~0.974和0.880~0.971。随着盖度的增加

平均含沙量降低

且雨强对平均含沙量的影响随盖度的增加而减弱。平均含沙量对盖度的响应可用线性方程描述

R2为0.732~0.979。(3)径流平均含沙量对盖度和雨强(R2=0.822

NE=0.921

p<0.01)及对盖度和坡度(R2=0.975

NE=0.697

p<0.01)的响应关系皆可用二元幂函数方程描述

径流平均含沙量对盖度、雨强和坡度(R2=0.771

NE=0.774

p<0.01)的综合响应可用三元线性方程描述

其中基于盖度和雨强

以及基于盖度、雨强和坡度的模型拟合效果最佳

对于含沙量的影响程度为盖度>雨强>坡度。研究结果可为黄土坡面含沙量的变化特征及机理提供参考

对黄土高原水土流失治理和生态系统可持续发展具有重要意义。

Abstract

The sediment concentration of runoff reflects the fluctuation and evolution of the runoff-sediment relationship

and can be used as an important index to evaluate the characteristics of the interactive evolution process of runoff and sediment yield under the influence of vegetation. The influence of different grass covers on sediment concentration of runoff on loess slope under different rainfall intensities and slopes were studied through artificial rainfall experiment. The results showed that:(1) The greater the grass cover

the more delayed the initial time of slope runoff production. The sediment concentration of runoff on slopes covered with grass fluctuated in the beginning 15 min of rainfall

but showed a decreasing trend on the whole

and then reached a stable state

and the sediment concentration of runoff on the slope covered with grass was significantly lower than that on the bare land. (2) The average sediment concentration of runoff increased with the increasing of both rainfall intensity and slope

and the responses of average sediment concentration to both rainfall intensity and slope could be described by power function equations

with R2 ranging from 0.823 to 0.974 and 0.880 to 0.971

respectively. The average sediment concentration decreased with the increasing of coverage

and the influence of rainfall intensity on the average sediment concentration weakened with the increasing of coverage. The response of average sediment concentration to coverage could be described by linear equation with R2 ranging from 0.732 to 0.979. (3) The response of average sediment concentration to coverage and rainfall intensity (R2=0.822

NE=0.921

p<0.01)

coverage and slope (R2=0.975

NE=0.697

p<0.01) could be described by binary power function equation. And the comprehensive response of average sediment concentration to coverage

rainfall intensity and slope could be described by a ternary linear equation (R2=0.771

NE=0.774

p<0.01). Among them

the model based on coverage and rain intensity and the model based on coverage

rain intensity and slope had the best fitting effect. The degree of influence on sediment concentration followed the order of coverage>rain intensity>slope. The results could provide references for the research of change characteristics and mechanisms of sediment concentration on loess slope

and have important significance for soil and water loss control and sustainable development of ecosystem on the Loess Plateau.

关键词

Keywords

references

赵文启,刘宇,罗明良,等.黄土高原小流域植被恢复的土壤侵蚀效应评估[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(5):89-94.

Wang S, Fu B J, Piao S L, et al. Reduced sediment transport in the Yellow River due to anthropogenic changes[J].Nature Geoscience,2016,9(1):38-41.

Li C J, Pan C Z. The relative importance of different grass components in controlling runoff and erosion on a hillslope under simulated rainfall[J].Journal of Hydrology,2018,558:90-103.

Chen B Y, Zhang X R. Effects of slope vegetation patterns on erosion sediment yield and hydraulic parameters in slope-gully system[J].Ecological Indicators,2022,145:e109723.

赵炯昌,卫伟,段兴武.模拟降雨下黄土坡面水沙过程对3种灌草植被垂直结构变化的响应[J].生态学报,2021,41(21):8602-8611.

张孝中,王莎,申楠,等.黄河班多水电站工程区荒草地坡面水流含沙量变化过程试验研究[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(2):72-75,81.

张建军,张宝颖,毕华兴,等.黄土区不同植被条件下的土壤抗冲性[J].北京林业大学学报,2004,26(6):25-29.

王玲玲,姚文艺,申震洲,等.草被覆盖度对坡面流水力学参数的影响及其减沙效应[J].中国水土保持科学,2009,7(1):80-83.

张旭昇,薛天柱,马灿,等.雨强和植被覆盖度对典型坡面产流产沙的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2012,26(6):66-70.

杨帆,程金花,张洪江,等.坡面草本植物对土壤分离及侵蚀动力的影响研究[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(5):129-137.

孙一,刘晓燕,田勇,等.坡面水沙运动对植被覆盖度的响应特性试验研究[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2020,28(3):632-641.

Pan C Z, Shangguan Z P. Runoff hydraulic characteristics and sediment generation in sloped grassplots under simulated rainfall conditions[J].Journal of Hydrology,2006,331(1/2):178-185.

周凡凡,高建恩,王照润,等.坡面降雨径流侵蚀输沙的不平衡特性研究[J].水土保持学报,2021,35(6):95-100.

曹梓豪,赵清贺,丁圣彦,等.坡度和植被盖度对河岸坡面侵蚀产沙特征的影响[J].自然资源学报,2017,32(11):1892-1904.

刘纪根,雷廷武,蔡强国.施加聚丙烯酰胺后坡长对侵蚀产沙过程的影响[J].水利学报,2004,35(1):57-61.

王清源,张乐涛,魏仪媛,等.基于能量的坡面侵蚀性径流及其水沙传递关系[J].农业工程学报,2022,38(1):151-157.

王栋栋,王占礼,张庆玮,等.草地植被覆盖度坡度及雨强对坡面径流含沙量影响试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(15):119-125.

余新晓,张学霞,李建牢,等.黄土地区小流域植被覆盖和降水对侵蚀产沙过程的影响[J].生态学报,2006,26(1):1-8.

张锐波,张丽萍,钱婧,等.雨强和植被覆盖度对坡地侵蚀产沙影响强度研究[J].自然灾害学报,2017,26(5):206-212.

王佩佩,苏雪萌,周正朝,等.黄土丘陵区典型植被群落坡面土壤优先流特征及其影响因素[J].水土保持学报,2021,35(5):16-23.

温云浩,刘铁军,马林芊,等.东北黑土区横垄坡耕地的产流产沙过程[J].水土保持通报,2021,41(6):63-70.

Liu J E, Qi X Q, Ma C Y, et al. Response of sheet erosion to the characteristics of physical soil crusts for Loessial soils[J].Frontiers in Environmental Science,2022:e905045.

Zhang W T, Yu D S, Shi X Z, et al. Variation of sediment concentration and its drivers under different soil management systems[J].Pedosphere,2010,20(5):578-585.

陈利顶,贾福岩,汪亚峰.黄土丘陵区坡面形态和植被组合的土壤侵蚀效应研究[J].地理科学,2015,35(9):1176-1182.

Wu B, Wang Z L, Zhang Q W, et al. Evaluating and modelling splash detachment capacity based on laboratory experiments[J].Catena,2019,176:189-196.

安晨,方海燕,王奋忠.密云水库上游坡面产流产沙特征及降雨响应:以石匣小流域为例[J].中国水土保持科学,2020,18(5):43-51.

Yüksek F, Yüksek T. Growth performance of Sainfoin and its effects on the runoff, soil loss and sediment concentration in a semi-arid region of Turkey[J].Catena,2015,133:309-317.

浏览量

1303

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

不同坡度和植被覆盖黄土对降雨入渗的响应规律

多因素耦合作用下黄土植被坡面水沙养分流失模拟

不同坡度条件下连续降雨及汇流对黑土坡面侵蚀的影响

不同降雨量及雨强条件下兰州南山人工侧柏林土壤水分入渗规律

侵蚀性降雨对黑土坡耕地土壤侵蚀特征的影响