长期化肥有机替代对黑土颜色及腐殖物质的影响

高纪超; 李强; 朱平; 张秀芝; 彭畅; 焦云飞; 高洪军; 武俊男; 徐灵颍

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.04.038

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长期化肥有机替代对黑土颜色及腐殖物质的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 长期化肥有机替代对黑土颜色及腐殖物质的影响
- Effects of Organic Substitution Chemical Fertilizer on Color and Humic Substances of Black Soil
- 水土保持学报 2023年37卷第4期页码：313-318
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 吉林省农业科学院,长春,130033
  2. 国家土壤肥力与肥料效益长期定位监测基地, 吉林公主岭,136100
  3. 中国科学院南京土壤研究所江苏常熟农田生态系统野外科学观测研究站,南京,210008
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "高纪超(1989-),男,博士,助理研究员,主要从事土壤培肥研究。E-mail:gaojichao0918@126.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  吉林省农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2021RCB006);科技部基础资源调查专项(2021FY100400);农业农村部"科研设施专项运行维护费"(G2022-07-2)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.04.038
  中图分类号： S158.5
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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高纪超, 李强, 朱平, 等. 长期化肥有机替代对黑土颜色及腐殖物质的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(4):313-318.

GAO Jichao, LI Qiang, ZHU Ping, et al. Effects of Organic Substitution Chemical Fertilizer on Color and Humic Substances of Black Soil[J]. 2023, 37(4): 313-318.
高纪超, 李强, 朱平, 等. 长期化肥有机替代对黑土颜色及腐殖物质的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(4):313-318. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.04.038.

GAO Jichao, LI Qiang, ZHU Ping, et al. Effects of Organic Substitution Chemical Fertilizer on Color and Humic Substances of Black Soil[J]. 2023, 37(4): 313-318. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.04.038.

摘要

基于30年长期定位试验

通过测定黑土光谱反射率和不同腐殖质组分含量

探究了不同施肥对黑土土壤腐殖质含量、土壤颜色及二者之间的关系。试验设置5个处理:(1)休耕(Fallow);(2)不施肥处理(CK);(3)单施化肥(NPK);(4)有机肥部分替代化肥(NPKM);(5)秸秆部分替代化肥处理(NPKS)。结果表明:与NPK处理相比

Fallow、NPKS、NPKM分别显著提高49.7%

74.3%

27.0%的土壤有机碳含量(p<0.05)。NPKM处理中胡敏酸(HA)含量最高为3.9 g/kg

随后依次为CK、NPKS、NPK、Fallow。NPKM、NPKS和Fallow处理中土壤富里酸(FA)含量为2.2~2.3 g/kg

显著高于NPK和CK。NPKM处理中胡敏素(HM)含量为18.6 g/kg

显著高于其他处理(p<0.05)。不同处理间土壤光谱反射率由高到低依次为NPK>Fallow、CK>NPKS>NPKM

与CK处理相比

NPK土壤光谱反射率在平均提高6.5%

NPKS和NPKM则分别降低11.1%和15.1%。根据线性相关分析结果

黑土土壤光谱反射率与土壤HAHM均呈显著负相关关系(p<0.01)

Abstract

Spectral reflectance and humic substances components were determined aiming at studying the effects of different fertilization on humic substances content and color of black soil based on 30 years long-term location trial. A total of 5treatments were included in this study: (1) Fallow; (2) No fertilizer application (CK); (3) Only chemical fertilizer (NPK); (4) Organic fertilizer partly replaced chemical fertilizer (NPKM); (5) Straw partly replaced chemical fertilizer (NPKS). Results indicated that soil organic carbon content in Fallow

NPKM

NPKS were significantly increased by 49.7%

74.3%

27.0% in contrast with NPK (p<0.05). The highest content of humic acid (HA) was 3.9 g/kg observed in NPKM

and following was in order of CK

NPKS

NPK

Fallow. Soil fulvic acid (FA) contents in NPKM

NPKS and Fallow were in range of 2.2 to 2.3 g/kg

significantly higher than NPK and CK. Soil humin (HM) content in NPKM was 18.6 g/kg

significantly higher than other treatments (p<0.05). The order of soil spectral reflectance from high to low was as following NPK > Fallow

CK > NPKS > NPKM. In contrast with CK

soil spectral reflectance in NPK was increased by 6.5% on average

while in NPKS and NPKM were decreased by 11.1% and 15.1% in average

respectively. According to the linear correlation analysis results

the spectral reflectance of black soil was significantly negatively correlated with soil HA and HM contents (p<0.01)

and the correlation coefficient (r) were -0.858 and -0.681

respectively. Summing up the results above

it can be concluded that long-term organic materials application could significantly enhance soil humic substance content

lower soil spectral reflectance

and make black soil darker. Oppositely

long-term chemical fertilizer application increased soil spectral reflectance

and made black soil "faded". The effects of organic manure on improving soil organic materials and humic substances were better than straw.

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Keywords

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