降雨对河岸生态系统杨树树干液流及其环境控制的影响

魏鸾葳; 陈左司南; 陈胜楠; 李江霖; 陈立欣; 律江; 石云; 朱梦洵; 张志强

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.04.035

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降雨对河岸生态系统杨树树干液流及其环境控制的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 降雨对河岸生态系统杨树树干液流及其环境控制的影响
- Effects of Rainfall on Sap Flow and Its Environmental Controls in a Riparian Poplar Plantation Ecosystem
- 水土保持学报 2023年37卷第4期页码：284-293
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京,100083
  2. 北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院,北京,100083
  3. 北京市共青林场,北京,101300
  4. 中咨集团生态技术研究所(北京)有限公司,北京,100048
  5. 山西吉县森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 山西吉县,042200
  6. 国家林业和草原局水土保持与荒漠化防治重点实验室,北京,100000
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "魏鸾葳(1998-),女,在读硕士研究生,主要从事生态水文研究。E-mail:weilwei11@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(31872711);中国博士后科学基金项目(2021M700449)。
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.04.035
  中图分类号： S715.2
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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魏鸾葳, 陈左司南, 陈胜楠, 等. 降雨对河岸生态系统杨树树干液流及其环境控制的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(4):284-293.

WEI Luanwei, CHEN Zuosinan, CHEN Shengnan, et al. Effects of Rainfall on Sap Flow and Its Environmental Controls in a Riparian Poplar Plantation Ecosystem[J]. 2023, 37(4): 284-293.
魏鸾葳, 陈左司南, 陈胜楠, 等. 降雨对河岸生态系统杨树树干液流及其环境控制的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(4):284-293. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.04.035.

WEI Luanwei, CHEN Zuosinan, CHEN Shengnan, et al. Effects of Rainfall on Sap Flow and Its Environmental Controls in a Riparian Poplar Plantation Ecosystem[J]. 2023, 37(4): 284-293. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.04.035.

摘要

降雨能够改变土壤水分状况进而促进林木蒸腾

然而场降雨量及其持续时间对林木树干液流及其环境控制机制的影响尚不明确。为此

在华北半干旱半湿润区的北京市顺义区共青林场

选取位于河岸生态系统不受土壤水分胁迫的欧美杨(Populus×euramericana)人工林为研究对象

在2019年和2021年生长季

使用TDP热扩散法测量树干液流

同步监测气象及土壤含水量等环境因子。根据对该区长期(2016—2017年、2019年和2021年)降雨数据统计分析结果

将2次降雨脉冲间隔超22.5 h的事件划分2场独立的降雨事件。按照降雨事件雨量及历时

将其中位数±1.5倍标准误的事件定义为常见事件

而将累积概率大于90%的事件定义为极端事件。结果表明:(1)太阳辐射是唯一显著控制该杨树人工林生长季树干液流的环境因子(偏相关系数rp=0.539)

饱和水汽压差、风速和土壤含水量均与树干液流不相关(p>0.533)

降雨事件发生前后这一环境控制特征没有发生变化;(2)雨后树干液流随着场降雨量的增加而降低(R2=0.78

p=0.004)

但与降雨事件历时无显著相关关系;(3)树干液流在常见降雨事件和极端事件后

在半小时尺度上随时间变化无显著差异(p≥0.264)

但4类降雨事件后主导的环境控制因子却不完全相同

太阳辐射和饱和水汽压差总能显著促进半小时尺度的树干液流(rp≥0.374)

而土壤含水量仅在常见和极端的强降雨历时事件后

显著促进雨后半小时尺度液流(rp≥0.215)。风速显著抑制常见场降雨量事件后半小时尺度的树干液流(rp=-0.258)

却能显著促进常见和极端场降雨历时事件后半小时尺度的树干液流(rp≥0.183)。研究成果为进一步深入揭示降雨特征对树干液流及其生物物理控制机制的影响

以及改进气候变化下生态水文过程的模拟与评估提供参考。

Abstract

Rainfall can alter soil moisture status and promote transpiration in forest trees

but the effect of rainfall amount and its duration on sap flow and its environmental control mechanism remains unclear. Therefore

the poplar (Populus×euramericana) plantation of a riparian ecosystem free from soil water stress was selected as the research object in Gongqing Forestry in Shunyi District of Beijing

a semi-arid and semi-humid zone in northern China. During the growing seasons of 2019 and 2021

the TDP sensors was uesd to measure sap flow

as well as the environmental conditions such as climatic factors and soil water content. Based on the results of statistical analysis of long term (2016—2017

2019 and 2021) rainfall data in the region

the event with an interval of two rainfall pulses more than 22.5 h was divided into two separate rainfall events. According to the rainfall amount and duration of the rainfall event

the events with median ±1.5 times standard error were defined as common events

while the events with a cumulative probability greater than 90% were defined as extreme events. The results showed that: (1) Solar radiation was the only environmental factor that significantly controlled sap flow in this poplar plantation during the growing season (partial correlation coefficient rp = 0.539). Vapor pressure deficit

wind speed and soil moisture content were not correlated with sap flow (p > 0.533)

and this environmental control did not change before and after the rainfall event; (2) Sap flow decreased with the increase of rainfall amount after the rainfall events (R2=0.78

p = 0.004)

but there was no significant correlation with the duration of rainfall events; (3) There were no significant differences in sap flow over time on the half-hourly scale following both common events and extreme events (p ≥ 0.264)

but the dominant environmental control factors after the four types of rainfall events were not identical. Specifically

solar radiation and vapor pressure deficit always significantly affected half-hourly sap flow (rp ≥ 0.374)

while soil water content only significantly increased half-hourly sap flow after common and extreme rainfall duration events (rp ≥ 0.215). Wind speed significantly suppressed half-hourly sap flow after common rainfall amount events (rp = -0.258)

but significantly enhanced half-hourly sap flow after common and extreme rainfall duration events (rp≥ 0.183). The results of the study provide further insight into the influence of rainfall characteristics on sap flow and its biophysical control mechanisms

as well as improving the modelling and assessment of ecohydrological processes under climate change.

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