不同坡度和不同生育期的谷子坡耕地入渗特征

付世琳; 姚冲; 余倩; 吴发启

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.04.004

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不同坡度和不同生育期的谷子坡耕地入渗特征

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 不同坡度和不同生育期的谷子坡耕地入渗特征
- Infiltration Characteristics of Millet Slope Farmland with Different Slope Gradient and Different Growth Period
- 水土保持学报 2023年37卷第4期页码：23-30
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌,712100
  2. 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌,712100
  3. 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西杨凌,712100
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "付世琳(2000-),女,在读硕士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀研究。E-mail:750403695@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(41977065);国家重点实验室开放基金项目(k3050219171)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.04.004
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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付世琳, 姚冲, 余倩, 等. 不同坡度和不同生育期的谷子坡耕地入渗特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(4):23-30.

FU Shilin, YAO Chong, YU Qian, et al. Infiltration Characteristics of Millet Slope Farmland with Different Slope Gradient and Different Growth Period[J]. 2023, 37(4): 23-30.
付世琳, 姚冲, 余倩, 等. 不同坡度和不同生育期的谷子坡耕地入渗特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(4):23-30. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.04.004.

FU Shilin, YAO Chong, YU Qian, et al. Infiltration Characteristics of Millet Slope Farmland with Different Slope Gradient and Different Growth Period[J]. 2023, 37(4): 23-30. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.04.004.

摘要

坡度和作物生育期是影响坡耕地土壤入渗性能的关键因素

作物生长导致土壤特性及根系变化进而影响坡面入渗过程。通过人工模拟降雨试验

设计4个坡耕地坡度(3°

5°

10°

15°)及2个降雨强度(40

80 mm/h)

在谷子4个生育期(拔节初期、拔节中期、抽穗初期、灌浆初期)开展试验

探究坡度和生育期对谷子坡耕地土壤入渗特征的影响机制

并结合入渗模型(Horton、Kostiakov、Philip模型)对谷子坡耕地土壤水分入渗过程进行拟合并评价其适用性。结果表明:(1)随坡度增加土壤入渗能力下降

与3°相比

15°坡耕地土壤稳定入渗速率、平均入渗速率及累积入渗量分别减小30.76%~52.38%

21.28%~37.50%和22.51%~43.55%。(2)随着谷子生育期的延长

土壤入渗能力显著增加

与拔节初期相比

灌浆初期时土壤稳定入渗速率、平均入渗速率及累积入渗量分别增加23.81%~80.00%

20.83%~40.00%

17.84%~54.10%

表现为拔节初期

Abstract

Slope and crop growth period are the key factors affecting the soil infiltration performance of sloping farmland

and crop growth can result in soil characteristics and root changes

which further affect the slope infiltration process. Through artificial simulated rainfall experiments

the slopes (3°

5°

10° and 15°) and 2 rainfall intensities (40 and 80 mm/h) of four slope cultivated land were designed

and the experiments were carried out in four growth stages of millet (early jointing period

middle jointing period

early heading period

early pustulation period) to explore the influence mechanism of slope and growth period on soil infiltration characteristics of millet slope farmland

and combined with the infiltration model (Horton

Kostiakov and Philip models) to evaluate the applicability of soil moisture infiltration process in cultivated land of millet slope. The results showed that: (1) The soil infiltration capacity decreased with the increase of slope

and compared with the slope of 3°

the stable infiltration rate

average infiltration rate and cumulative infiltration rate of the soil in farmland of 15° slope decreased by 30.76%~52.38%

21.28%~37.50% and 22.51%~43.55%

respectively. (2) With the extension of millet growth period

soil infiltration capacity increased significantly

and compared with the early jointing stage

the stable infiltration rate

average infiltration rate and cumulative infiltration amount of soil in the early filling stage increased by 23.81%~80.00%

20.83%~40.00% and 17.84%~54.10%

respectively

showing that the early jointing period < the middle jointing period < the early heading period < the early pustulation period. (3) By fitting the measured values of infiltration rate

the Horton model could best fit the soil infiltration process of slope farmland

and the fitting parameters of the model had physical significance. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for increasing rainfall infiltration

improving water use efficiency and reducing water and soil loss in sloping farmland.

关键词

Keywords

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