不同施肥与耕作方式下土壤—径流氮磷变化特征

张海香; 李天阳; 何丙辉; 吴小雨; 杜映妮

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.036

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不同施肥与耕作方式下土壤—径流氮磷变化特征

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 不同施肥与耕作方式下土壤—径流氮磷变化特征
- Change Characteristics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Soil-Runoff Under Different Conditions of Fertilization and Tillage
- 水土保持学报 2023年37卷第3期页码：281-287
- 作者机构：
  
  西南大学资源环境学院,重庆,400715
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "张海香(1998—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀与流域治理研究。E-mail:zhx990119@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(U20A20326);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(SWU-KT22060);重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目(KJQN202100212)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.036
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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张海香, 李天阳, 何丙辉, 等. 不同施肥与耕作方式下土壤—径流氮磷变化特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(3):281-287.

ZHANG Haixiang, LI Tianyang, HE Binghui, et al. Change Characteristics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Soil-Runoff Under Different Conditions of Fertilization and Tillage[J]. 2023, 37(3): 281-287.
张海香, 李天阳, 何丙辉, 等. 不同施肥与耕作方式下土壤—径流氮磷变化特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(3):281-287. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.036.

ZHANG Haixiang, LI Tianyang, HE Binghui, et al. Change Characteristics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Soil-Runoff Under Different Conditions of Fertilization and Tillage[J]. 2023, 37(3): 281-287. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.036.

摘要

为探讨长期不同施肥与耕作条件下土壤与径流中氮磷化学计量关系变化。在紫色土坡耕地设5个处理:顺坡耕作无施肥(对照

CK)、顺坡耕作+化肥有机肥混施(T1)、顺坡耕作+单施化肥(T2)、顺坡耕作+1.5倍单施化肥增量(T3)和横坡耕作+单施化肥措施(T4)

每个处理均设3个重复

分析2008—2017年土壤总氮(TNS)、总磷(TPS)含量与化学计量TNS∶TPS

以及83场产流事件径流总氮(TNW)、总磷(TPW)浓度及化学计量TNW∶TPW的变化特征。结果表明:CK处理TNS、TPS含量与T1处理差异不显著

但显著低于T2、T3、T4处理

主要是因为化肥施用显著提高土壤氮磷含量。各处理间TNS∶TPS无显著差异

其平均值为3.55~4.79

CV值为0.39~0.94

表明施肥对于多年间土壤氮磷比并无显著影响。CK处理的TNW浓度显著高于其他施肥处理;T1处理TNW浓度与T2处理差异不显著

但显著高于T3、T4处理。CK处理TPW浓度与T2、T3、T4处理差异不显著

但显著低于T1处理。CK处理的TNW∶TPW显著高于各施肥处理

而各施肥处理间TNW∶TPW差异不显著

各处理平均值为25.48~56.83

CV值为1.11~1.80

均属于强变异

施肥显著降低径流氮磷比

并稳定次降雨事件间的差异。年平均TNW与TNS、TNW与TNS∶TPS、TPW与TNS、TPW与TNS∶TPS之间均呈显著线性正相关

径流N流失浓度受土壤N含量的显著影响

但年平均TNS∶TPS与TNW∶TPW关系不显著。施肥与耕作可解耦土壤与径流氮磷化学计量关系

研究结果可为农业面源污染防治提供理论依据。

Abstract

In order to study the changes of nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry in soil and runoff under long-term fertilization and tillage

five treatments (three replicates were set in each treatment) were set up on the sloping land of purple soil∶ downslope tillage without fertilization (CK)

downslope tillage with mixed application of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer (T1)

downslope tillage with chemical fertilizer (T2)

downslope tillage with 1.5 times increment of chemical fertilizer (T3)

and contour tillage with fertilizer (T4)

to analyze the change characteristics of soil total nitrogen (TNS)

soil total phosphorus (TPS) and TNS∶TPS

runoff total nitrogen (TNW)

runoff total phosphorus (TPW) and TNW∶TPW in 83 runoff-producing events during 2008-2017. The results showed that the contents of TNS and TPS in CK treatment were not significantly different from those in T1 treatment

but significantly lower than those in T2

T3 and T4 treatment. The main reason was that the application of chemical fertilizer significantly increased the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil. The mean value of TNS∶TPS was 3.55~4.79

and the CV value was 0.39~0.94

indicating that fertilization had no significant effect on N/P ratio. The concentration of TNW in CK treatment was significantly higher than that in other fertilization treatments

and the concentration of TNW in T1 treatment was not significantly different from that in T2 treatment

but significantly higher than that in T3 and T4 treatment. The TPW concentration of CK treatment was not significantly different from that in T2

T4 treatment

but significantly lower than that in T1 treatment. The TNW∶TPW of CK treatment was significantly higher than that in fertilization treatments

but there was no significant difference in TNW∶TPW among fertilization treatments. The mean values of each treatment was 25.48~56.83

and the CV value was 1.11~1.80. Fertilization significantly reduced the N/P ratio in runoff and stabilized the difference between rainfall events. Annual mean TNW and TPW were both significantly positively correlated with annual mean TNS and TNS∶TPS

indicating runoff N loss concentration was significantly affected by soil N content

while annual mean TNS∶TPS and TNW∶TPW were not significantly correlated. Fertilization and tillage could decouple the relationship between nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry in soil and runoff. The results can provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution.

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