不同覆盖栽培对旱作冬小麦土壤水分、产量和品质的影响

王磊; 樊廷录; 闫妍; 徐静; 赵刚; 党翼; 张建军; 李兴茂; 李尚中

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.032

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

不同覆盖栽培对旱作冬小麦土壤水分、产量和品质的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 不同覆盖栽培对旱作冬小麦土壤水分、产量和品质的影响
- Effect of Different Mulch Cultivation on Soil Moisture, Yield and Quality of Dryland Winter Wheat
- 水土保持学报 2023年37卷第3期页码：248-257
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所,兰州,730070
  2. 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京,100081
  3. 山东农业大学化学与材料科学学院,山东,泰安,271018
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "王磊(1982—),男,副研究员,主要从事旱地栽培、作物抗逆防灾减灾及水分高效利用研究。E-mail:qyzlwl@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFB0302402);甘肃省农业科学院重点研发计划项目(2021GAAS14)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.032
  中图分类号： S512;S152.7
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
王磊, 樊廷录, 闫妍, 等. 不同覆盖栽培对旱作冬小麦土壤水分、产量和品质的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(3):248-257.

WANG Lei, FAN Tinglu, YAN Yan, et al. Effect of Different Mulch Cultivation on Soil Moisture, Yield and Quality of Dryland Winter Wheat[J]. 2023, 37(3): 248-257.
王磊, 樊廷录, 闫妍, 等. 不同覆盖栽培对旱作冬小麦土壤水分、产量和品质的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(3):248-257. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.032.

WANG Lei, FAN Tinglu, YAN Yan, et al. Effect of Different Mulch Cultivation on Soil Moisture, Yield and Quality of Dryland Winter Wheat[J]. 2023, 37(3): 248-257. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.032.

摘要

为探明不同栽培措施下全膜覆土穴播种植对不同基因型冬小麦生产的土壤水分状况、产量和品质的影响

为旱作冬小麦覆膜适水种植与农业绿色可持续高质量生产提供依据。采用普通聚乙烯地膜覆土穴播(PE)和生物降解地膜全膜覆土穴播(BM)2种覆盖材料种植方式

以传统露地穴播(LD)为对照

研究不同栽培措施对冬小麦土壤水分状况、产量、水分利用效率和主要品质的影响。结果表明

在干旱气候和作物耗水影响下

地膜覆盖处理较LD降低0—300 cm土层土壤平均含水量

BM较PE显著降低0—300 cm土层土壤水分。冬小麦全生育期耗水量BM较LD和PE分别增加22.0

23.0 mm

全生育期土壤水分消耗量BM＞LD＞PE。"陇鉴110"2个种植季地膜覆盖均较露地栽培显著增产;2018—2019年种植季

"陇鉴111"PE、BM较LD分别增产40.3%和29.7%

2019—2020年种植季

受严重倒伏影响PE、BM较LD分别减产2.5%

3.5%。与LD相比

地膜覆盖降低冬小麦籽粒品质

BM较PE极显著提升面团稳定时间和形成时间

"陇鉴110"籽粒平均蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量和弱化度分别较"陇鉴111"增加10.6%

11.1%

10.3%。因此

生物降解地膜覆盖可起到与聚乙烯地膜类似的蓄水保墒功能

但在旱作区冬小麦生产中

生物降解地膜覆盖要依据品种耗水特性及地膜栽培适应性

选择适宜的品种。

Abstract

In order to explore the effects of different cultivation methods on soil moisture status

yield

and quality of different genotypes of winter wheat

and to provide a basis for water-suitable planting and agricultural green and sustainable high quality production of dry winter wheat. The soil water status

yield

water use efficiency

and main quality indexes of winter wheat under different cultivation practices were systematically studied by using two planting methods of mulching materials

common polyethylene film covered burrowing (PE) and biodegradable film covered burrowing (BM)

compared with traditional open field burrowing (LD). The results showed that under the influence of arid climate and crop water consumption

the average soil moisture in 0-300 cm soil layer was reduced by mulching compared with LD

and the soil moisture in 0-300 cm soil layer was significantly reduced by BM compared with PE. The water consumption BM of winter wheat during the whole growth period increased by 22.0 mm and 23.0 mm

respectively

compared with LD and PE

and the soil water consumption BM > LD > PE during the whole growth period. The mulch yield of LJ 110 in two planting seasons was significantly higher than that of open-field cultivation. In 2018-2019 planting season

LJ 111 PE and BM increased by 40.3% and 29.7% compared with LD. In 2019-2020 planting season

due to severe lodging

PE and BM decreased by 2.5% and 3.5% compared with LD. Compared with LD

plastic film mulching reduced the grain quality of winter wheat

BM significantly increased the dough stabilization time and dough formation time compared with PE

and the average protein content

wet gluten content and weakening degree of LJ 110 grains were increased by 10.6%

11.1% and 10.3% compared with LJ 111 grains

respectively. Therefore

biodegradable film mulching can play a similar role as polyethylene film in water storage and water conservation

but in winter wheat production in dryland area

biodegradable film mulching should be selected according to the water consumption characteristics of varieties and film cultivation adaptability.

关键词

Keywords

references

程宏波,牛建彪,柴守玺,等.不同覆盖材料和方式对旱地春小麦产量及土壤水温环境的影响[J].草业学报,2016,25(2):47-57.

王磊,樊廷录,李尚中,等.株行距配置连作对黄土旱塬覆膜春玉米土壤水分和产量的影响[J].水土保持学报,2019,33(2):79-86,92.

王红丽,宋尚有,张绪成,等.半干旱区旱地春小麦全膜覆土穴播对土壤水热效应及产量的影响[J].生态学报,2013,33(18):5580-5588.

杨佳佳,程宏波,柴守玺,等.不同覆盖栽培方式对冬小麦干物质分配与转运的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2021,41(6):745-751.

严昌荣,何文清,薛颖昊,等.生物降解地膜应用与地膜残留污染防控[J].生物工程学报,2016,32(6):748-760.

Sander, M. Biodegradation of polymeric mulch films in agricultural soils:Concepts, knowledge gaps, and future research directions[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2019,53(5):2304-2315.

张占琴,闫紫薇,杨相昆,等.不同降解地膜降解性能及棉花应用效果研究[J].西南农业学报,2018,31(6):1185-1189.

马明生,郭贤仕,柳燕兰.全生物降解地膜覆盖对旱地土壤水分状况及春小麦产量和水分利用效率的影响[J].作物学报,2020,46(12):1933-1944.

赵刚,樊廷录,党翼,等.旱塬区全生物降解地膜覆盖对冬小麦生长发育的影响[J].干旱区研究,2019,36(2):339-347.

张平良,郭天文,刘晓伟,等.半干旱区全膜覆土穴播对小麦土壤氮素矿化/无机氮及产量的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2021,295(5):192-199.

侯慧芝,张绪成,尹嘉德,等.秸秆还田量对旱地全膜覆土穴播春小麦水分利用及产量的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2021,41(4):457-464.

李夏瑛,郭天文,张平良,等.不同肥料对全膜覆土穴播小麦土壤水分、水分利用效率及产量的影响[J].国土与自然资源研究,2020,188(5):44-48.

马青荣,刘荣花,胡程达,等.干旱及灌溉对冬小麦根系和产量的影响研究[J].气象,2020,46(7):971-981.

邓浩亮,张恒嘉,田建良,等.黄土高原半湿润农作区春玉米土壤环境和产量对种植方式的响应[J].水土保持学报,2019,33(5):257-265.

彭正凯,李玲玲,谢军红,等.不同耕作措施对旱地作物生育期农田耗水结构和水分利用效率的影响[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(5):214-221.

樊廷录,李永平,李尚中,等.旱作地膜玉米密植增产用水效应及土壤水分时空变化[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(19):3721-3732.

Wang Y J, Jia X F, Olasupo I O, et al. Effects of biodegradable films on melon quality and substrate environment in solar greenhouse[J].Science of the Total Environment,2022l,829:e154527.

白有帅,贾生海,黄彩霞,等.旱作区生物降解膜对土壤温度/水分及春小麦产量的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2015,35(11):1558-1563.

仝锦,孙敏,任爱霞,等.高产小麦品种植株干物质积累运转、土壤耗水与产量的关系[J].中国农业科学,2020,53(17):3467-3478.

常磊,韩凡香,柴雨葳,等.秸秆带状覆盖对半干旱雨养区冬小麦耗水特征和产量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2019,30(12):4150-4158.

李尚中,樊廷录,赵刚,等.旱地玉米不同覆盖栽培模式的土壤水热特征及产量品质效应[J].草业学报,2018,27(4):34-44.

张淑敏,宁堂原,刘振,等.不同类型地膜覆盖的抑草与水热效应及其对马铃薯产量和品质的影响[J].作物学报,2017,43(4):571-580.

张礼军,鲁清林,汪恒兴,等.覆盖模式对不同类型旱地冬小麦土壤水温特征、籽粒品质和产量的影响[J].西北农业学报,2019,28(6):888-897.

Grahamn K,Verhulst N, Roberto J P, et al. Durum wheat quality and yield as affected by tillage-straw management and nitrogen fertilization practice under furrow-irrigated condition[J].Field Crops Research,2014,164:166-177.

浏览量

914

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

包膜氯化钾对土壤养分供应强度及玉米产量、品质的影响

不同浓度微咸水灌溉对土壤水盐分布及冬小麦生长的影响

缓释复合肥对不同土壤红三叶产量和品质效应的研究

配施增效助剂对四川旱地小麦的减氮效应研究