“十三五”期间滇池外海底泥重金属污染特征分析及生态风险评价

张国涵; 解倩; 闫琨; 李振宇; 苏涛; 杨耀雷

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.031

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“十三五”期间滇池外海底泥重金属污染特征分析及生态风险评价

更新时间：2025-03-12

- “十三五”期间滇池外海底泥重金属污染特征分析及生态风险评价
- Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Sediments of Dianchi Outer Lake During the ‘13th Five-Year Plan Period’
- 水土保持学报 2023年37卷第3期页码：240-247
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 云南省生态环境厅驻昆明市生态环境监测站,昆明,650228
  2. 山东省日照生态环境监测中心,山东,日照,276800
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "张国涵(1989—),男,本科,工程师,主要从事环境监测和环境保护研究。E-mail:13987133241@139.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家水质监测网例行监测任务
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.031
  中图分类号： X824
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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张国涵, 解倩, 闫琨, 等. “十三五”期间滇池外海底泥重金属污染特征分析及生态风险评价[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(3):240-247.

ZHANG Guohan, XIE Qian, YAN Kun, et al. Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Sediments of Dianchi Outer Lake During the ‘13th Five-Year Plan Period’[J]. 2023, 37(3): 240-247.
张国涵, 解倩, 闫琨, 等. “十三五”期间滇池外海底泥重金属污染特征分析及生态风险评价[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(3):240-247. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.031.

ZHANG Guohan, XIE Qian, YAN Kun, et al. Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Sediments of Dianchi Outer Lake During the ‘13th Five-Year Plan Period’[J]. 2023, 37(3): 240-247. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.031.

摘要

基于"十三五"期间(2016—2020年)滇池外海晖湾中、罗家营、观音山东、观音山中、观音山西、白鱼口、海口西和滇池南等8个采样点位底泥中7种重金属监测值

利用地质累计指数法及潜在生态危害指数法等评价方法

对重金属进行污染特征分析及生态风险评价。结果表明

As、Hg、Cr、Pb、Cd、Cu和Zn平均含量对比云南省土壤背景值分别超标0.46

4.70

0.47

0.73

3.47

1.17

1.13倍

且时空分布存在差异性。时间变化上

As、Cd、Cu、Zn含量总体呈下降趋势。空间分布上

As、Hg、Cr和Pb含量高值集中在滇池外海南部水域

Cd和Cu在东部水域较高

Zn含量则呈现北高南低的趋势。地质累计指数法和潜在生态危害指数法评价表明

8个点位中滇池南、晖湾中和观音山西重金属污染程度较高

潜在生态风险也较高

引起污染累积以及潜在生态风险的指标主要为Hg、Cd和Cu。重金属来源分析结果显示

As、Hg、Cr、Pb具有相似的污染来源

初步推断为工业污染源;Cu和Cd主要来自农业污染源。

Abstract

Based on the monitoring values of seven heavy metals in the sediment of 8 State-controlled Sampling Sites in Huiwanzhong

Luojiaying

Guanyinshandong

Guanyinshanzhong

Guanyinshanxi

Baiyukou

Haikouxi and Dianchinan of Dianchi outer Lake during the ‘13th Five-Year Plan period’(2016—2020)

the pollution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals were carried out by using the methods of geoaccumulation index and potential ecological risk index

with Origin

ArcGIS

SPSS and other software. The results showed that the average contents of As

Cu and Zn exceeded the soil background values of Yunnan Province by 0.46

4.70

0.47

0.73

3.47

1.17 and 1.13 times respectively

and the spatial and temporal distribution was different. In terms of time variation

the contents of As

Cu and Zn showed a general downward trend

among which As decreased significantly and showed a linear decreasing trend. In spatial distribution

the high contents of As

Cr and Pb were concentrated in the southern part of Dianchi outer Lake. Cd and Cu were higher in the eastern waters

while Zn showed a trend of higher in the north and south. The results of geo-accumulation index method and potential ecological risk index method showed that the heavy metal pollution degree and potential ecological risk were high in Dianchinan

Huiwanzhong and Guanyinshanxi of 8 sites

Cd and Cu were the main indicators of pollution accumulation and potential ecological risk. The results of heavy metal source analysis showed that As

Cr and Pb were similar pollution sources

preliminary inference as industrial pollution source; Cu and Cd were mainly from agricultural pollution sources.

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