基于蒸散演变驱动的宁夏绿洲平原生态系统耗水变化

吴宏玥; 杜灵通; 乔成龙; 钟艳霞; 潘海珠; 张祎; 施光耀; 易志远

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.023

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基于蒸散演变驱动的宁夏绿洲平原生态系统耗水变化

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 基于蒸散演变驱动的宁夏绿洲平原生态系统耗水变化
- Water Consumption of Ecosystem Driven by Evapotranspiration Evolution in Ningxia Oasis Plain
- 水土保持学报 2023年37卷第3期页码：172-180
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 宁夏大学西北土地退化与生态恢复省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,银川,750021
  2. 宁夏大学西北退化生态系统恢复与重建教育部重点实验室,银川,750021
  3. 宁夏大学生态环境学院,银川,750021
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "吴宏玥(1998—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事生态过程监测与模拟研究。E-mail:wuhongyuede@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  宁夏重点研发计划项目(2021BEG02010,2022BEG02051);宁夏生态状况遥感监测与评价项目(NXCZ20220203);宁夏优秀人才支持计划项目(RQ0012);中央引导地方科技发展专项(202008)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.023
  中图分类号： P333;P426.2
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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吴宏玥, 杜灵通, 乔成龙, 等. 基于蒸散演变驱动的宁夏绿洲平原生态系统耗水变化[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(3):172-180.

WU Hongyue, DU Lingtong, QIAO Chenglong, et al. Water Consumption of Ecosystem Driven by Evapotranspiration Evolution in Ningxia Oasis Plain[J]. 2023, 37(3): 172-180.
吴宏玥, 杜灵通, 乔成龙, 等. 基于蒸散演变驱动的宁夏绿洲平原生态系统耗水变化[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(3):172-180. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.023.

WU Hongyue, DU Lingtong, QIAO Chenglong, et al. Water Consumption of Ecosystem Driven by Evapotranspiration Evolution in Ningxia Oasis Plain[J]. 2023, 37(3): 172-180. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.023.

摘要

为揭示宁夏绿洲平原蒸散水文过程演变引起的区域耗水变化规律

在谷歌地球引擎平台下

利用2001—2020年的MOD16A2蒸散数据

基于Sen趋势度、重新标度极差分析、多元回归残差分析等时空分析手段

对宁夏绿洲平原蒸散时空演变特征开展研究

并分析其驱动因素。结果表明:(1)2001—2020年间

宁夏绿洲平原的年平均蒸散量为355.37 mm

且呈6.75 mm/a的增加趋势(p＜0.01)

其中

耕地的年蒸散为443.50~605.47 mm

明显高于区域平均蒸散;同时

多年平均蒸散远高于同期降水量

故维持绿洲生态系统平衡需要大量引黄灌溉水源。(2)宁夏绿洲平原蒸散在空间上有一定的异质性

并与地表覆盖类型差异有关

表现出耕地区高、草地和城市建成区低的规律。(3)宁夏绿洲平原有77.60%的区域其蒸散呈显著增加

但2020年后将有93.90%的区域蒸散变化趋势将发生逆转。(4)人类活动强烈地驱动宁夏绿洲平原蒸散的增强

其中

人类活动协同气候变化共同正向驱动的区域占53.96%。(5)蒸散的逐渐增强

导致宁夏绿洲平原流域内的水分亏缺显著

即供给生态系统光合生产以及回补土壤储水在减少。综上

近些年

宁夏绿洲平原的人为垦殖活动显著增强生态系统的耗水量

给区域水资源供给带来压力

未来应控制合理的农业垦殖力度并加强农业结构调整

以减缓水资源压力。

Abstract

To reveal the change of regional water consumption caused by the hydrological process evolution of evapotranspiration in the Ningxia oasis plain

this study investigated the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of evapotranspiration in the Ningxia oasis plain and analyzed its driving factors under the platform of Google Earth Engine using MOD16A2 evapotranspiration data from 2001 to 2020. The Sen trend

rescaled range analysis

and multiple regression residual analysis were used as the main methods in the study. The results showed that: (1) The annual average evapotranspiration of overall pixels over the oasis of Ningxia plain was 355.37 mm from 2001 to 2020 and showed a significant increasing trend of 6.75 mm/a (p<0.01). The annual evapotranspiration of cultivated land was 443.50~605.47 mm

which is obviously higher than the regional average evapotranspiration. The annual average evapotranspiration over the oasis of Ningxia plain was much higher than its precipitation in the same period. Therefore

a large amount of irrigation water was needed to maintain the water balance of the oasis ecosystem in Ningxia plain. (2) There was a spatial heterogeneity of evapotranspiration in the oasis of Ningxia plain

which is induced by the differences in land cover types

showing that the cultivated area is higher in evapotranspiration

while the grassland and urban built-up area are lower in evapotranspiration. (3) 77.60% of the areas showed a significant increase in evapotranspiration in the oasis of Ningxia plain. But 93.90% of the areas will had a reverse trend of evapotranspiration after 2020 when compared with the present trend. (4) Human activities strongly drove the increase of evapotranspiration over the oasis of Ningxia plain

and 53.96% of the areas were positively driven by both human activities and climate change. (5) With the gradual increase of evapotranspiration

the water budget in the oasis of Ningxia plain was significantly reduced

which induced the decreasing water supply for photosynthetic production

and soil water remediation in the ecosystem is decreasing. Based on the above results

it can be concluded that human reclamation activities in recent years in the oasis of Ningxia plain have significantly increased the water consumption of the ecosystem

which brought pressure on the regional water balance. In the future

the agricultural reclamation in the oasis of Ningxia plain should be controlled at a reasonable range and the agricultural structure adjustment should be strengthened to mitigate the water resource shortage.

关键词

Keywords

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