水土保持措施驱动村域土地利用景观格局变化——以米脂县高西沟村为例

涂雯; 吴静雯; 马理辉; 冯喆

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.020

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水土保持措施驱动村域土地利用景观格局变化——以米脂县高西沟村为例

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 水土保持措施驱动村域土地利用景观格局变化——以米脂县高西沟村为例
- Soil and Water Conservation Measures Drive the Change of Land Use Landscape Pattern in theVillage-A Case Study of Gaoxigou Village in Mizhi County
- 水土保持学报 2023年37卷第3期页码：147-154
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 陕西杨凌,712100
  2. 西北农林科技大学风景园林艺术学院, 陕西杨凌,712100
  3. 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌,712100
  4. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌,712100
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "涂雯(1996—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事乡村治理与发展研究。E-mail:tw20200127@nwafu.edu.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1900700)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.020
  中图分类号： F301.24
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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涂雯, 吴静雯, 马理辉, 等. 水土保持措施驱动村域土地利用景观格局变化——以米脂县高西沟村为例[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(3):147-154.

TU Wen, WU Jingwen, MA Lihui, et al. Soil and Water Conservation Measures Drive the Change of Land Use Landscape Pattern in theVillage-A Case Study of Gaoxigou Village in Mizhi County[J]. 2023, 37(3): 147-154.
涂雯, 吴静雯, 马理辉, 等. 水土保持措施驱动村域土地利用景观格局变化——以米脂县高西沟村为例[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(3):147-154. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.020.

TU Wen, WU Jingwen, MA Lihui, et al. Soil and Water Conservation Measures Drive the Change of Land Use Landscape Pattern in theVillage-A Case Study of Gaoxigou Village in Mizhi County[J]. 2023, 37(3): 147-154. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.020.

摘要

以陕北地区典型乡村——榆林市米脂县高西沟村为例

探究其在水土保持措施下土地利用景观格局变化及驱动因素

对黄土丘陵区水土保持、景观格局优化、美丽乡村建设和生态可持续发展具有指导意义。基于高西沟1986年、2004年、2022年遥感影像

借助ArcGIS、ERDAS和FRAGSTATS等软件

运用动态度、转移矩阵、景观格局指数对土地利用变化进行分析

并对其驱动因素展开探讨。结果表明:(1)林地和草地是高西沟的主导地类

约占区域总面积的80%

耕地、未利用地呈减少趋势

水域和建设用地无较大变化;土地利用综合动态度逐渐降低

土地利用变化趋于平稳。(2)研究区林地转入面积最为显著

主要由耕地转入

林地整体增加112 hm2;而耕地主要由草地转入

未利用地则向草地转出。(3)林地为高西沟土地利用景观格局中的最大优势斑块

且破碎程度最高

研究区各景观类型斑块形成较为稳定的连接

景观连通性较好;整体景观格局演变分散

各景观类型的面积差距越来越大

优势景观明显

整体破碎程度高。(4)高西沟土地利用变化受水土保持、产业结构和相关政策影响。水土保持是高西沟耕地减少、未利用地开发和林草大面积增加的主要驱动因素

产业结构调整和国家政策与财力资助是高西沟土地利用景观格局优化的辅助影响因素。

Abstract

Taking Gaxigou Village

Mizhi County

Yulin City

a typical village in northern Shaanxi Province

as an example

the changes of land use landscape pattern and its driving factors under soil and water conservation measures were explored

and it had guiding significance for soil and water conservation

landscape pattern optimization

beautiful countryside construction and ecological sustainable development in the loess hilly region. Based on the remote sensing images of Gaoxigou in 1986

2004 and 2022

with the help of ArcGIS

ERDAS and FRAGSTATS software

the land use change was analyzed by using the dynamic degree

transfer matrix and landscape pattern index

and the driving factors were discussed. The results showed that: (1) Forestland and grassland were the dominant land types

accounting for about 80% of the total area of Gaoxigou. Arable land and unused land showed a decreasing trend

while water area and construction land had no significant change. The comprehensive dynamic degree of land use gradually decreased and the change of land use tended to be stable. (2) The change area of forestland in the study area was the most significant

mainly change from arable land

and the overall increase area of forestland was 112 hm2. The arable land was mainly changed from grassland

while the unused land changed to grassland. (3) Forestland was the most dominant patch in Gaoxigou land use landscape pattern

with the highest degree of fragmentation

and the patches of various landscape types in the study area formed a relatively stable connection with good landscape connectivity. The overall landscape pattern evolved dispersedly

and the area gap of each landscape type was becoming larger and larger. The dominant landscape was obvious

and the overall fragmentation degree was high. (4) Land use change in Gaoxigou was affected by soil and water conservation

industrial structure and related policies. Soil and water conservation was the main driving factor for the reduction of cultivated land

the development of unused land and the increasing of forest and grass area in Gaoxigou. The adjustment of industrial structure and national policy and financial support were the auxiliary influencing factors for the optimization of land use landscape pattern in Gaoxigou.

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