黄土高原表层土壤孔隙性状与穿透阻力对藓结皮发育的响应

余星兴; 肖波; 曹尤淞; 李胜龙; 孙福海

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.007

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黄土高原表层土壤孔隙性状与穿透阻力对藓结皮发育的响应

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 黄土高原表层土壤孔隙性状与穿透阻力对藓结皮发育的响应
- Effects of Moss Crusts on Topsoil Pore Characteristics and Penetration Resistance in Loess Plateau, China
- 水土保持学报 2023年37卷第3期页码：52-59
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国科学院教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心, 陕西杨凌,712100
  2. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌,712100
  3. 中国科学院大学,北京,100049
  4. 中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院, 农业农村部华北耕地保育重点实验室,北京,100193
  5. 宁夏大学西北土地退化与生态恢复国家重点实验室培育基地, 西北退化生态系统恢复与重建教育部重点实验室,银川,750021
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "余星兴(1996—),女,在读博士研究生,主要从事生物结皮的环境生态效应研究。E-mail:yuxxsc@126.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金面上项目(42077010);中国科学院"西部之光"人才培养引进计划项目(2019);西北土地退化与生态恢复重点实验室(宁夏大学)开放基金项目(LDER2022Z02)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.007
  中图分类号： S151.1
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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余星兴, 肖波, 曹尤淞, 等. 黄土高原表层土壤孔隙性状与穿透阻力对藓结皮发育的响应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(3):52-59.

YU Xingxing, XIAO Bo, CAO Yousong, et al. Effects of Moss Crusts on Topsoil Pore Characteristics and Penetration Resistance in Loess Plateau, China[J]. 2023, 37(3): 52-59.
余星兴, 肖波, 曹尤淞, 等. 黄土高原表层土壤孔隙性状与穿透阻力对藓结皮发育的响应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(3):52-59. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.007.

YU Xingxing, XIAO Bo, CAO Yousong, et al. Effects of Moss Crusts on Topsoil Pore Characteristics and Penetration Resistance in Loess Plateau, China[J]. 2023, 37(3): 52-59. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.007.

摘要

为探明生物结皮如何改善土壤物理性质从而促进水土保持

针对黄土高原风沙土和黄绵土上发育的藓结皮

以无结皮为对照

原状取样后分别使用高分辨率CT扫描仪和高精度土壤贯入仪测定其孔隙性状与穿透阻力

并构建结构方程模型剖析生物结皮对土壤孔隙度和穿透阻力的作用途径。结果表明:藓结皮发育改变土壤孔隙特征参数

并显著提高表层0—2 cm土壤总孔隙度(p＝0.01)

在此土层内

风沙土和黄绵土上藓结皮的总孔隙度比无结皮分别增加1.62

2.12倍

且藓结皮的孔隙度随土层深度增加呈指数降低。藓结皮和无结皮的土壤面孔率在0—1 cm土层内均急剧下降

但藓结皮整体面孔率显著高于无结皮(p＜0.001)。随土层深度增加

藓结皮的土壤穿透阻力总体呈增大趋势

但在结皮层中部发生突变

越过结皮层后趋于平稳。在2种土壤上

藓结皮的面孔率与穿透阻力均呈对数负相关关系

无结皮中则分别呈线性正相关和对数负相关关系。黄土高原藓结皮通过改变孔隙度和机械组成等间接途径

极显著地提升表层土壤穿透阻力

增强土壤表面稳定性

为区域水土保持和生态恢复提供有利条件。

Abstract

As one of the important surface coverings in arid and semi-arid regions

biocrusts can promote the restoration and stability of ecosystems by stabilizing soil surface to resist soil erosion and degradation. However

the specific mechanism of this process needs to be further studied. In order to investigate how biocrusts improve soil physical properties and thus water and soil conservation

we measured the soil pore characteristics and penetration resistance of biocrusts and bare soil using high-resolution X-Ray computed tomography (CT) scanner and high-precision soil penetrator in the Loess Plateau. In addition

structural equation model (SEM) was established to analyze the effect pathway of biocrusts on soil porosity and penetration resistance. The results showed that moss-dominated biocrusts changed soil pore characteristic parameter

and significantly increased the total soil porosity of 0-2 cm layer (p＝0.01). Compared with bare soil

the total soil porosity of moss-dominated biocrusts on aeolian sand and loess soil increased by 1.62 and 2.12 times

respectively. Moreover

the porosity of moss-dominated biocrusts decreased exponentially with the increase of soil depth. The plane porosity of moss-dominated biocrusts was significantly higher than that of bare soil (p＜0.001)

both of them decreased sharply within 0-1 cm. The penetration resistance of moss crusts improved with the increase of soil depth

but obvious mutation of penetration resistance was found in the middle of crust horizon

while it basically stabilized in the subcrusts layer. On both aeolian sand and loess soil

the plane porosity and penetration resistance of moss crusts were log negatively correlated

and they were linearly positively and log negatively correlated in bare soil

respectively. The effect of biocrusts on soil penetration resistance was mainly realized through indirect ways such as particle composition and porosity. In Loess Plateau

moss crusts significantly increase the penetration resistance of topsoil through indirect means such as changing porosity and particle composition

which was conducive to improving soil surface stability and providing strong conditions for regional soil and water conservation and ecological restoration.

关键词

Keywords

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