黄河中游典型流域近60年水沙变化趋势及影响因素

曲绅豪; 周文婷; 张翔; 佘冬立

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.005

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黄河中游典型流域近60年水沙变化趋势及影响因素

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 黄河中游典型流域近60年水沙变化趋势及影响因素
- Variation Trend and Influencing Factors of Water and Sediment in the Middle Reaches of the Yellow River in Recent 60 Years
- 水土保持学报 2023年37卷第3期页码：35-42
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 河海大学农业科学与工程学院,南京,211100
  2. 中国科学院教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心, 陕西杨凌,712100
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "曲绅豪(1999—),男,山东烟台人,硕士研究生,主要从事农业水土资源保护研究。E-mail:619267127@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  中国科学院"西部之光"计划项目
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.005
  中图分类号： TV882.1
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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曲绅豪, 周文婷, 张翔, 等. 黄河中游典型流域近60年水沙变化趋势及影响因素[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(3):35-42.

QU Shenhao, ZHOU Wenting, ZHANG Xiang, et al. Variation Trend and Influencing Factors of Water and Sediment in the Middle Reaches of the Yellow River in Recent 60 Years[J]. 2023, 37(3): 35-42.
曲绅豪, 周文婷, 张翔, 等. 黄河中游典型流域近60年水沙变化趋势及影响因素[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(3):35-42. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.005.

QU Shenhao, ZHOU Wenting, ZHANG Xiang, et al. Variation Trend and Influencing Factors of Water and Sediment in the Middle Reaches of the Yellow River in Recent 60 Years[J]. 2023, 37(3): 35-42. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.03.005.

摘要

为分析黄河水沙成因并预测未来水沙情势

选取黄河中游多沙粗沙区昕水河和朱家川2条流域为研究对象

依据水文站及雨量站1956—2018年降雨和径流泥沙实测数据

采用Mann-Kendall趋势及突变检验、累积距平法和Morlet连续小波分析等方法探讨流域水沙变化趋势

并利用双累积曲线法对水沙变化进行归因分析

量化气候变化及人类活动对水沙变化的相对贡献。结果表明:1956—2018年

昕水河和朱家川小流域年均径流量分别为11.9×107

1.7×107 m3

年均输沙量分别为12.3×106

9.8×106 t

径流和输沙量均呈显著减少趋势;2条流域的径流量突变年分别为1980年和1984年

输沙量突变年分别为1980年和1972年;选取的2条流域水沙变化存在明显周期性

径流变化的第1主周期分别为45年和16年

输沙量变化的第1主周期分别为9年和15年;降雨对昕水河和朱家川小流域径流量减少的贡献率分别为19%

对输沙量减少的贡献率分别为25%

35%

远不及人类活动的贡献率

人类活动是径流和输沙量锐减的主导因素。研究结果可为黄河水沙治理提供科学性建议。

Abstract

In order to analyze the origin of water and sediment in the Yellow River and predict the future water and sediment situation

two typical watersheds (Xinshui River and Zhujiachuan watershed) in the middle reaches of the Yellow River were selected as the study area. Based on the measured data of water and sediment from 1956 to 2018 at the hydrological station and rainfall station

the Mann-Kendall trend

the change-point analysis

the cumulative anomaly method and the Morlet wavelet method were used to analyze the variation trend of water and sediment in typical watersheds. Furthermore

the attribution of water and sediment changes were analyzed by using the double mass curve method

and the relative contributions of climate change and human activities to water and sediment change were quantified. The results showed that from 1956 to 2018

the average annual runoff in the Xinshui River and Zhujiachuan watershed was 11.9×107 and 1.7×107 m3

respectively

and the average annual sediment discharge was 12.3×106 and 9.8×106 t

respectively. The runoff and sediment discharge showed a significant decreasing trend. The abrupt change year of runoff in the Xinshui River and Zhujiachuan watershed was 1980 and 1984

respectively

and the abrupt change year of sediment discharge was 1980 and 1972

respectively. The changes of water and sediment in the watersheds had obvious periodicity

and the first main cycle of runoff change was 45 years and 16 years

and the first main cycle of sediment transport change was 9 years and 15 years

respectively. The contribution rate of rainfall to the reduction of runoff in Xinshui River and Zhujiachuan watershed was 19% and 8%

respectively

and the contribution rate of rainfall to the reduction of sediment discharge was 25% and 35%

respectively. The Contvibution rate of rainfall is far lower than that of human activities

which are the leading factor of the sharp decrease of runoff and sediment discharge. The research results can provide scientific suggestions for water and sediment control of the Yellow River.

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