深蓄灌溉对夏玉米农田水分动态的影响

王芳; 查晴; 赵洁; 庞耀悦; 孙骏; 马宇欣; 陈滇豫; 甄晶博; 胡笑涛

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.02.028

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深蓄灌溉对夏玉米农田水分动态的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 深蓄灌溉对夏玉米农田水分动态的影响
- Effects of Deep Storage Irrigation on Soil Moisture Dynamics of Summer Maize Farmland
- 水土保持学报 2023年37卷第2期页码：246-252
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室, 陕西杨凌,712100
  2. 陕西省水文水资源勘测中心,西安,710068
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "王芳(1998—),在读硕士研究生,主要从事农业水土资源高效利用研究。E-mail:wangfang.ns@nwafu.edu.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  陕西省水利科技计划项目(2022slkj-6);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划重点项目(2022JZ-24)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.02.028
  中图分类号： S513;S152.7
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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王芳, 查晴, 赵洁, 等. 深蓄灌溉对夏玉米农田水分动态的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(2):246-252.

WANG Fang, ZHA Qing, ZHAO Jie, et al. Effects of Deep Storage Irrigation on Soil Moisture Dynamics of Summer Maize Farmland[J]. 2023, 37(2): 246-252.
王芳, 查晴, 赵洁, 等. 深蓄灌溉对夏玉米农田水分动态的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(2):246-252. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.02.028.

WANG Fang, ZHA Qing, ZHAO Jie, et al. Effects of Deep Storage Irrigation on Soil Moisture Dynamics of Summer Maize Farmland[J]. 2023, 37(2): 246-252. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.02.028.

摘要

为探究深蓄灌溉利用汛期雨洪资源补充土壤水和地下水的可行性

于2020年6—10月在玉米田间小区开展试验研究

监测不同计划储水深度(T1:Hp=60 cm;T2:Hp=90 cm;T3:Hp=120 cm;T4:Hp=150 cm;T5:Hp=180 cm)且以饱和含水率为灌水上限的一次深蓄灌溉条件下土壤水分动态变化特征

研究量化补充土壤水的农田水分动态

为制定有效补给土壤储水的深蓄灌溉制度提供依据。结果表明:深蓄灌溉可有效补充农田土壤水分

灌溉10天后不同处理0—200 cm土层平均含水率增幅范围为11.90%~40.85%

T5处理含水率增幅最高;随着计划储水深度的增加

夏玉米农田蒸散量先增加后降低最后上升至最高水平

在计划储水深度为90 cm的处理达到最大;计划储水深度为60

90 cm时

补充水量主要用于补给浅层土壤和农田蒸散

不利于进行土壤储水;计划储水深度为120 cm以上时

灌水及降雨对深层土壤水分补给量达243.39 mm以上

占总供水比重27.29%以上。综上

深蓄灌溉是有效补充土壤水的灌水方式

选择120 cm以上计划储水深度进行深蓄灌溉可有优化水资源配置

补充土壤储水乃至浅层地下水。

Abstract

In order to explore the feasibility of supplementing soil water and groundwater by using rainfall and flood resources in flood season

the experiment was carried out in maize field plots from June to October 2020

monitoring the characteristics of soil water dynamic changes under one-time deep storage irrigation with different planned water storage depths (T1:Hp=60 cm;T2:Hp=90 cm;T3:Hp=120 cm;T4:Hp=150 cm;T5:Hp=180 cm) and saturated water content as the upper limit of irrigation

and studying the quantitative farmland water dynamics of groundwater replenishment

so as to provide the basis for formulating the deep storage irrigation system for effectively replenishing soil water storage.The results showed that deep storage irrigation could effectively replenish the farmland soil moisture.After 10 days of irrigation

the average water content of 0—200 cm soil layer of each treatment increased by 11.90%~40.85%

and the water content of T5 treatment had the highest water content increase.With the increase of the planned water storage depths

evapotranspiration of summer maize farmland increased first

then decreased

and finally rose to the highest level

and the treatment reached the maximum in the 90 cm planned wetting layer.When the planned water storage depths were 60 cm and 90 cm

the supplementary water was mainly used to recharge shallow soil and farmland evapotranspiration

which was not conducive to soil water storage.When the planned water storage depths were more than 120 cm

the water supply of deep soil by irrigation and rainfall was more than 243.39 mm

accounting for more than 27.29% of the total water supply.In conclusion

deep storage irrigation was an effective irrigation method to replenish soil water

and selecting the planned water storage depths above 120 cm for deep storage irrigation could effectively optimize the water resources allocation and replenish shallow soil water storage and even groundwater.

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