砂土混合覆盖下的土壤水分蒸发特性及其因子分析

贾振江; 刘学智; 徐天渊; 李王成; 刘巧玲; 陈继虹; 马波

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.02.026

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砂土混合覆盖下的土壤水分蒸发特性及其因子分析

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 砂土混合覆盖下的土壤水分蒸发特性及其因子分析
- Analysis of Soil Water Evaporation Characteristics and Its Influencing Factors Under Mixed Sand Cover
- 水土保持学报 2023年37卷第2期页码：227-236
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,银川,750021
  2. 陕西省水利电力勘测设计研究院,西安,710001
  3. 旱区现代农业水资源高效利用教育部工程研究中心,银川,750021
  4. 省部共建西北土地退化与生态恢复国家重点实验室,银川,750021
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "贾振江(1997—),男,博士研究生,主要从事旱区节水灌溉理论与技术研究。E-mail:2474697460@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(52169010);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1900600);宁夏自然科学基金重点项目(2021AAC02008);宁夏重点研发计划项目(2019BEH03010);宁夏高等学校一流学科建设项目(NXYLXK2021A03)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.02.026
  中图分类号： S152.7
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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贾振江, 刘学智, 徐天渊, 等. 砂土混合覆盖下的土壤水分蒸发特性及其因子分析[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(2):227-236.

JIA Zhenjiang, LIU Xuezhi, XU Tianyuan, et al. Analysis of Soil Water Evaporation Characteristics and Its Influencing Factors Under Mixed Sand Cover[J]. 2023, 37(2): 227-236.
贾振江, 刘学智, 徐天渊, 等. 砂土混合覆盖下的土壤水分蒸发特性及其因子分析[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(2):227-236. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.02.026.

JIA Zhenjiang, LIU Xuezhi, XU Tianyuan, et al. Analysis of Soil Water Evaporation Characteristics and Its Influencing Factors Under Mixed Sand Cover[J]. 2023, 37(2): 227-236. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.02.026.

摘要

为明确不同砂土混合物覆盖对土壤蒸发过程的影响

基于土壤蒸发分阶段理论及微型蒸渗仪田间试验

深入探析了6种砂土混合覆盖模式(1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

分别为M1~M6)下的土壤蒸发动态变化及其作用机制。结果表明:土壤蒸发分阶段理论能够真实刻画砂土混合覆盖下的土壤水分蒸发状况

其累计蒸发量可用砂土混合比与蒸发时间进行定量表征。当砂土混合比≥0.8时

土壤蒸发过程仅存在2个明显阶段

抑蒸效果显著;当砂土混合比＜0.5时

M3~M6处理的土壤蒸发稳定高峰期明显

且集中于前2.53~2.66天

水分主要散失历时则分别较M1增加6.49

6.49

7.09天;而当砂土混合比介于0.5~0.8时

覆盖层易诱发且能够更早地形成结构致密的覆盖干层

整体保墒效果反而凸显。受土壤蒸发阶段特性及覆盖模式的影响

蒸发第1阶段主要受下垫面净辐射通量供应的限制;而在蒸发第2

3阶段

砂层结构的作用凸显

土壤水力特性调控效应逐渐占优。总之

砂层结构恶化将加快土壤失水过程

增加农田水分的无效损失

当砂土混合比＜0.5时

其抑蒸保墒功效将逐渐丧失

这对西北旱区砂田退化机理的揭示及压砂地可持续健康发展具有现实意义。

Abstract

To clarify the influence of different sand-soil mixtures on the soil evaporation process

on the basis of soil evaporation theory and micro-lysimeter field experiment

the dynamic changes characteristics of soil evaporation intensity and its action mechanism under six mixed sand-soil mulching patterns (1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

denoted by M1~M6

respectively) were deeply explored.The results showed that the theoretical simulation of soil evaporation could realistically reflect the soil water evaporation under the mixed cover of sand and soil

and its cumulative evaporation could be quantitatively expressed by the mixing volume ratio of sand and soil evaporation time.There were only two prominent evaporation stages with significant evaporation inhibition when the the sand mixing ratio increased to above 0.8.When the mixing volume ratio of sand was decreased to below 0.5

the peak of soil evaporation stability stage under M3~M6 treatment had been concentrated in the first 2.53~2.66 d

and the main moisture dissipation duration was increased by 6.49

6.49

6.49 and 7.09 d compared with M1

respectively.However

when the sand mixing volume ration was between 0.5 and 0.8

the mulch layer was easily induced and could form the dense mulch dry layer earlier

while the overall moisture conservation effect was prominent instead.Under the influence of soil evaporation stage characteristics and mulching patterns

the supply of underlying net radiation flux mainly limited the first evaporation stage.In the second and third evaporation stages of evaporation

the role of sand layer structure came to the fore

and the regulating function of soil hydraulic properties gradually prevailed.In summary

the deterioration of sand layer structure would accelerate the soil evaporation process and intensify the ineffective water loss of farmland.When the mixing volume ration of sand was less than 0.5

the effect of evaporation and soil moisture retention would gradually lose

which has practical significance for revealing the degradation mechanism of gravel-sand mulched fields and its sustainable and healthy development in Northwest arid region.

关键词

Keywords

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