黄土高原典型地区不同植被覆盖下坡面土壤侵蚀阈值研究

张龙齐; 贾国栋; 吕相融; 雷自然; 刘锐; 张潇

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.02.022

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

黄土高原典型地区不同植被覆盖下坡面土壤侵蚀阈值研究

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 黄土高原典型地区不同植被覆盖下坡面土壤侵蚀阈值研究
- Research of Soil Erosion Thresholds on the Lower Slopes of Different Vegetation Cover in Typical Areas of Loess Plateau
- 水土保持学报 2023年37卷第2期页码：187-198
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 北京林业大学国家林业和草原局水土保持重点实验室,北京,100083
  2. 北京林业大学水土保持学院, 首都圈森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,北京,100083
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "张龙齐(1998—),女,在读硕士研究生,主要从事森林生态水文研究。E-mail:zlq1255676314@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目"坝上高原及华北北部山地沙化土地治理与治沙产业技术研发及示范"(2016YFC0500802);国家自然科学基金面上项目"季节性干旱的树木水分利用适应机制研究"(41877152);国家自然科学基金项目"黄土区土壤—地表—地下水文多维耦合过程及植被调控机制"(U2243202)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.02.022
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
张龙齐, 贾国栋, 吕相融, 等. 黄土高原典型地区不同植被覆盖下坡面土壤侵蚀阈值研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(2):187-198.

ZHANG Longqi, JIA Guodong, Lü Xiangrong, et al. Research of Soil Erosion Thresholds on the Lower Slopes of Different Vegetation Cover in Typical Areas of Loess Plateau[J]. 2023, 37(2): 187-198.
张龙齐, 贾国栋, 吕相融, 等. 黄土高原典型地区不同植被覆盖下坡面土壤侵蚀阈值研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(2):187-198. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.02.022.

ZHANG Longqi, JIA Guodong, Lü Xiangrong, et al. Research of Soil Erosion Thresholds on the Lower Slopes of Different Vegetation Cover in Typical Areas of Loess Plateau[J]. 2023, 37(2): 187-198. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.02.022.

摘要

为了分析植被覆盖对黄土高原坡面水土流失的影响

量化土壤侵蚀的植被覆盖阈值

基于模拟降雨数据分析了植被覆盖对土壤侵蚀的作用机制

利用绥德、西峰、天水等黄土高原高原典型地区的野外径流小区定位观测资料

探讨了不同覆被类型下植被覆盖控制径流和土壤侵蚀的有效性

确定了不同覆被类型下植被覆盖调控径流和防治土壤侵蚀的植被覆盖下限阈值和上限阈值。结果表明:(1)植被覆盖度的提高增加了土壤入渗、减少了径流量、延缓了径流流速、增加了土壤抵抗侵蚀的能力。(2)坡面径流量随植被覆盖度呈幂函数或指数函数下降

土壤侵蚀量随植被覆盖度呈指数函数、幂函数或者对数函数下降。(3)总体而言

不同地区植被控制土壤侵蚀的下限阈值在20%~30%

上限阈值在50%~70%。(4)土壤质地、植被类型、甚至植被的根系特征对植被控制径流和土壤侵蚀的效益有重要影响。研究结果为黄土高原水土保持工作提供研究依据。

Abstract

In order to analyze the influence of vegetation cover on soil and water loss on the Loess Plateau slope and quantify the threshold of vegetation cover of soil erosion

the mechanism of vegetation cover on soil erosion was analyzed based on simulated rainfall data

and the observation data of field runoff plots in typical areas of the Loess Plateau such as Suide

Xifeng and Tianshui were used.The effectiveness of vegetation cover in controlling runoff and soil erosion under different cover types was discussed

and the lower threshold and upper threshold of vegetation cover in regulating runoff and preventing soil erosion under different cover types were determined.The results showed that:(1) The increases of vegetation coverage increased soil infiltration

reduced runoff

delayed runoff velocity

and increased soil resistance to erosion.(2) Slope runoff decreased with vegetation coverage as a power function or exponential function

and soil erosion decreased with vegetation coverage as an exponential function

power function or a logarithmic function.(3) In general

the lower threshold and upper threshold of soil erosion control by vegetation in different regions were 20%~30% and 50%~70% respectively.(4) Soil texture

vegetation type and even root characteristics of vegetation had important effects on the benefits of vegetation in controlling runoff and soil erosion.The results provide a research basis for soil and water conservation on the Loess Plateau.

关键词

Keywords

references

Yu Y, Zhao W, Martinez-Murillo J F, et al. Loess Plateau, from degradation to restoration[J].Science of the Total Environment,2020,738:e140206.

孙若修,申明爽,胡亚伟,等.模拟降雨下坡面草带分布对产流产沙过程的影响[J].水土保持学报,2022,36(4):22-29.

黄鹏飞,陈晓安,郑太辉,等.红壤坡地不同植物措施消减径流峰值研究[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(1):79-82.

Wen Z, Lees B G, Jiao F, et al. Stratified vegetation cover index: A new way to assess vegetation impact on soil erosion[J].Catena,2010,83(1):87-93.

Hou J, Fu B J, Wang S, et al. Comprehensive analysis of relationship between vegetation attributes and soil erosion on hillslopes in the Loess Plateau of China[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2014,72(5):1721-1731.

Tang C J, Liu Y, Li Z W, et al. Effectiveness of vegetation cover pattern on regulating soil erosion and runoff generation in red soil environment, southern China[J].Ecological Indicators,2021,129:e107956.

Gyssels G, Poesen J, Bochet E, et al. Impact of plant roots on the resistance of soils to erosion by water: A review[J].Progress in Physical Geography,2005,29(2):189-217.

Zhou P, Luukkanen O, Tokola T, et al. Effect of vegetation cover on soil erosion in a mountainous watershed[J].Catena,2008,75(3):319-325.

Zhou F C, Han X, Tang S, et al. An improved model for evaluating ecosystem service values using land use/cover and vegetation parameters[J].Journal of Meteorological Research,2021,35(1):148-156.

Lunt I D, Winsemius L M, McDonald S P, et al. How widespread is woody plant encroachment in temperate Australia? Changes in woody vegetation cover in lowland woodland and coastal ecosystems in Victoria from 1989 to 2005[J].Journal of Biogeography,2010,37(4):722-732.

Garcia-Leoz V, Villegas J C, Suescun D, et al. Land cover effects on water balance partitioning in the Colombian Andes: Improved water availability in early stages of natural vegetation recovery[J].Regional Environmental Change, 2018,18(4):1117-1129.

Feng X, Vico G, Porporato A. On the effects of seasonality on soil water balance and plant growth[J].Water Resources Research, 2012,48(5):1-12.

Wang F T, An P L, Huang C, et al. Is afforestation-induced land use change the main contributor to vegetation dynamics in the semiarid region of North China?[J].Ecological Indicators,2018,88:282-291.

Jiang C, Zhang H Y, Zhao L L, et al. Unfolding the effectiveness of ecological restoration programs in combating land degradation: Achievements, causes, and implications[J].Science of the Total Environment,2020,748:e141552.

Zhang J, Niu J M, Bao T L G, et al. Human induced dryland degradation in Ordos Plateau, China, revealed by multilevel statistical modeling of normalized difference vegetation index and rainfall time-series[J].Journal of Arid Land,2014,6(2):219-229.

Wang H, Liu G H, Li Z S, et al. Assessing the driving forces in vegetation dynamics using net primary productivity as the indicator: A case study in Jinghe River Basin in the Loess Plateau[J].Forests,2018,9:e9070374.

刘洋,孙保平,杨坪坪,等.模拟植被地表覆盖率与地表粗糙度对坡面流流速的影响[J].浙江农业学报, 2017,29(3):498-505.

Dx A, Zw B. Identifying land restoration regions and their driving mechanisms in inner Mongolia, China from 1981 to 2010[J].Journal of Arid Environments,2019,167:79-86.

Hayas A, Poesen J, Vanwalleghem T. Rainfall and vegetation effects on temporal variation of topographic thresholds for gully initiation in Mediterranean cropland and olive groves[J].Land Degradation and Development,2017,28(8):2540-2552.

Li X R, Zhang D H, Zhang F, et al. The eco-hydrological threshold for evaluating the stability of sand-binding vegetation in different climatic zones[J].Ecological Indicators,2017,83:404-415.

Chen J, Xiao H B, Li Z W, et al. Threshold effects of vegetation coverage on soil erosion control in small watersheds of the red soil hilly region in China[J].Ecological Engineering,2019,132:109-114.

Jiang C, Liu J G, Zhang H Y, et al. China's progress towards sustainable land degradation control: Insights from the northwest arid regions[J].Ecological Engineering,2019,127:75-87.

孙一,刘晓燕,田勇,等.坡面水沙运动对植被覆盖度的响应特性试验研究[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2020,28(3):632-641.

Yang X N, Sun W Y, Li P F, et al. Reduced sediment transport in the Chinese Loess Plateau due to climate change and human activities[J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,642:591-600.

Dunkerley D. An approach to analysing plot scale infiltration and runoff responses to rainfall of fluctuating intensity[J].Hydrological Processes,2017,31(1):191-206.

Mei X M, Zhu Q K, Ma L, et al. Effect of stand origin and slope position on infiltration pattern and preferential flow on a Loess hillslope[J].Land Degradation and Development,2018,29(5):1353-1365.

Jia Y H, Shao M A. Temporal stability of soil water storage under four types of revegetation on the northern Loess Plateau of China[J].Agricultural Water Management,2013,117:33-42.

郑明国,梁晨,廖义善,等.极端降雨情形下黄土区水土保持治理的减沙效益估算[J].农业工程学报,2021,37(5):147-156.

肖培青,王玲玲,杨吉山,等.大暴雨作用下黄土高原典型流域水土保持措施减沙效益研究[J].水利学报,2020,51(9):1149-1156.

胡春宏,张治昊.论黄河河道平衡输沙量临界阈值与黄土高原水土流失治理度[J].水利学报,2020,51(9):1015-1025.

江忠善,李秀英.黄土高原土壤流失预报方程中降雨侵蚀力和地形因子的研究[J].中国科学院西北水土保持研究所集刊,1988(1):40-45.

Dougherty W J, Nash D M, Cox J W, et al. Small-scale, high-intensity rainfall simulation under-estimates natural runoff P concentrations from pastures on hill-slopes[J].Australian Journal of Soil Research,2008,46(8):694-702.

Lázaro R, Calvo-Cases A, Lázaro A, et al. Effective run-off flow length over biological soil crusts on silty loam soils in drylands[J].Hydrological Processes,2014,29(11):e10345.

Chen H, Cai Q G. Impact of hillslope vegetation restoration on gully erosion induced sediment yield[J].Science in China: Series D Earth Sciences,2006,49(2):176-192.

Liu J B, Gao G Y, Wang S, et al. The effects of vegetation on runoff and soil loss:Multidimensional structure analysis and scale characteristics[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2018,28(1):59-78.

Salah A M A, Prasse R, Marschner B. Intercropping with native perennial plants protects soil of arable fields in semi-arid lands[J].Journal of Arid Environments,2016,130:1-13.

Zhang Y H, Niu J Z, Yu X X, et al. Effects of fine root length density and root biomass on soil preferential flow in forest ecosystems[J].Forest Systems,2015,24(1):1-13.

Li Y Y, Shao M A. Change of soil physical properties under long-term natural vegetation restoration in the Loess Plateau of China[J].Journal of Arid Environments,2006,64(1):77-96.

Zhao X N, Wu P T, Chen X L, et al. Runoff and sediment yield under simulated rainfall on hillslopes in the Loess Plateau of China[J].Soil Research,2013,51(1):50-58.

陈佳,李忠武,方怒放,等.红壤丘陵区不同植被覆盖阈值小流域时空分布规律[J].水土保持研究,2023,30(2):1-7.

黄萱,丁继辉,邹钰文,等.黄河中游河龙区间侵蚀产沙对景观特征的非线性响应[J].水土保持学报,2021,35(6):88-94.

张琨,吕一河,傅伯杰,等.黄土高原植被覆盖变化对生态系统服务影响及其阈值[J].地理学报,2020,75(5):949-960.

蒋定生,江忠善,侯喜禄,等.黄土高原丘陵区水土流失规律与水土保持措施优化配置研究[J].水土保持学报,1992,6(3):14-17.

Ina G, Jens O, Leishman M R. Urban stormwater run-off promotes compression of saltmarshes by freshwater plants and mangrove forests[J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,637/638:137-144.

浏览量

995

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

基于混合产流模式的黄土高原流域水沙过程耦合模拟

RUSLE模型对黄土高原退耕植被恢复坡面

黄土高原小流域植被恢复的土壤侵蚀效应评估

基于MIKE模型的不同淤地坝型组合情景对小流域侵蚀动力和输沙量的影响

基于电阻层析成像技术的黄土区多土地利用类型土壤水分反演