植被根系对干旱内陆河流岸坡冲刷过程影响的模拟研究

唐瑞泽; 汤骅; 宗全利; 冯博

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.02.004

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植被根系对干旱内陆河流岸坡冲刷过程影响的模拟研究

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 植被根系对干旱内陆河流岸坡冲刷过程影响的模拟研究
- Simulation Study on the Effect of Vegetation Root Systems on the Scour Process of River Bank Slope in Arid Inland
- 水土保持学报 2023年37卷第2期页码：27-36
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆,石河子,832000
  2. 青岛农业大学资源与环境学院,山东,青岛,266109
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "唐瑞泽(1998—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事水力学及河流动力学研究。E-mail:1056921024@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2021ME167);国家自然科学基金项目(51569029);山东省重点研发计划项目(2022CXGC010401-04)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.02.004
  中图分类号： S271
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
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唐瑞泽, 汤骅, 宗全利, 等. 植被根系对干旱内陆河流岸坡冲刷过程影响的模拟研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(2):27-36.

TANG Ruize, TANG Hua, ZONG Quanli, et al. Simulation Study on the Effect of Vegetation Root Systems on the Scour Process of River Bank Slope in Arid Inland[J]. 2023, 37(2): 27-36.
唐瑞泽, 汤骅, 宗全利, 等. 植被根系对干旱内陆河流岸坡冲刷过程影响的模拟研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(2):27-36. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.02.004.

TANG Ruize, TANG Hua, ZONG Quanli, et al. Simulation Study on the Effect of Vegetation Root Systems on the Scour Process of River Bank Slope in Arid Inland[J]. 2023, 37(2): 27-36. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.02.004.

摘要

为探讨植被根系对干旱内陆河流岸坡冲刷过程的定量影响

以塔里木河为研究对象

采用BSTEM模型模拟分析的方法

模拟了8个典型岸坡在2016—2017连续2个水文年的冲刷过程

重点分析骆驼刺、红柳、芦苇、甘草、胡杨、白刺等6种典型荒漠植被根系对河岸冲刷过程的定量影响。结果表明:(1)塔里木河河岸崩塌基本发生于落水期和枯水期

岸坡稳定性在水文年内呈周期性变化

枯水期和涨水期安全系数Fs略有波动

整体上呈稳定状态

河岸稳定

在洪水期高水位处Fs短暂升高

随后随着水流的冲刷淘蚀以及水位下降

Fs不断下降

直至河岸崩塌

随后进入下一个水文年的循环;(2)植被根系在不同水位时期对稳定性的提升效果不同

具体表现为洪水期＞涨水期＞枯水期＞落水期;(3)不同植被对稳定性增强的差异也较大

表现为白刺＞骆驼刺＞甘草＞红柳＞胡杨＞芦苇;(4)植被根系在不同水位时期对河岸冲刷量的减少效果不同

表现为落水期＞洪水期＞涨水期＞枯水期。根系存在河岸冲刷量减少0.77%~49.36%

且不同植被对河岸冲刷量的减少效果也不同

表现为白刺＞甘草＞红柳＞骆驼刺＞胡杨＞芦苇;不同植被对于安全系数稳定效果和对于岸坡冲刷量减少效果基本一致

研究结果可为塔里木河河道生态治理提供理论参考。

Abstract

To study the vegetation root systems of the arid inland river bank slope erosion quantitative influence of the process

taking the tarim river as the research object

the BSTEM model was adopted to simulate the scour process of 8 typical bank slopesin two successive hydrological years 2016—2017.The quantitative effects of the root systems of six typical desert vegetation species (Alhagi sparsifolia(AS)

Tamarix ramosissima(TR)

Phragmites australis(PA)

Glycyrrhiza uralensis(GU)

Populus euphratica(PE)

Nitraria tangutorum(NT)) on the riverbank scour were analyzed.Results demonstrated that:(1) The collapse of the Tarim River bank basically occurred in recession period and dry period.The stability of bank slope changed periodically in hydrological years.The safety factor Fs fluctuated slightly between dry period and level rising period

and was stable on the whole and riverbank.Fs increased briefly at the high-water level during the flood period.Subsequently

with the erosion of water flow and the decline of water level

Fs continued to decline until the riverbank collapses

and then entered the cycle of the next hydrological year.(2) The improvement effect of vegetation root systems on the stability was different at different water level periods

which was as follows:flood period > level rising stage > dry period > recession stage.(3) There was a significant difference in stability enhancement among different vegetation types

as follows:NT > AS > GU > TR > PE >PA.(4) At different water lever periods

the reduction effect of vegetation root systems on the amount of riverbank flushing was different

recession stage > flood period > level rising stage > dry period.The root system reduced the amount of riverbank flushing by 0.77% to 49.36%

and the effect of different vegetation on the amount of riverbank flushing was different

which was as follows:NT > GU > TR > AS > PE > PA.The effect of different vegetation on the stability of safety factor and the reduction of bank slope washing volume was basically the same.The results can provide theoretical reference for the ecological management of Tarim River.

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