农田浅沟中不同植物的水土保持效果和机理分析

王鑫雨; 张艳; 关颖慧; 孙义秋; 苏雨; 汪志荣; 吴海龙

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.01.004

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

农田浅沟中不同植物的水土保持效果和机理分析

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 农田浅沟中不同植物的水土保持效果和机理分析
- Soil and Water Conservation Effect and Mechanism Analysis of Different Plants in Ephemeral Gully of Farmland
- 水土保持学报 2023年37卷第1期页码：23-30
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 天津理工大学环境科学与安全工程学院,天津,300384
  2. 北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京,100083
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "王鑫雨(1997-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事水土保持研究。E-mail:wang_graduates@stud.tjut.edu.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(41907047);战略性国际科技创新合作重点专项(2016YFE0202900);天津市自然科学基金重点项目(18JCZDJC39600)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.01.004
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2023
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
王鑫雨, 张艳, 关颖慧, 等. 农田浅沟中不同植物的水土保持效果和机理分析[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(1):23-30.

WANG Xinyu, ZHANG Yan, GUAN Yinghui, et al. Soil and Water Conservation Effect and Mechanism Analysis of Different Plants in Ephemeral Gully of Farmland[J]. 2023, 37(1): 23-30.
王鑫雨, 张艳, 关颖慧, 等. 农田浅沟中不同植物的水土保持效果和机理分析[J]. 水土保持学报, 2023,37(1):23-30. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.01.004.

WANG Xinyu, ZHANG Yan, GUAN Yinghui, et al. Soil and Water Conservation Effect and Mechanism Analysis of Different Plants in Ephemeral Gully of Farmland[J]. 2023, 37(1): 23-30. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2023.01.004.

摘要

为探究不同植物在东北黑土地区农田浅沟中的水土保持效果

建立裸坡(LP)和种植有紫花苜蓿(V1)和马蔺草(V2) 2种植物的坡面浅沟模型

通过在浅沟内模拟上方汇水

进行不同植物覆盖下的浅沟坡面水力侵蚀试验

分析产流产沙特征及水动力学参数时空变化特征。结果表明:(1)相同流量下产流时间为裸坡f)(2.3)高于马蔺草(0.8)

同时紫花苜蓿的平均流速(u)略低于马蔺草

弗劳德数(Fr)表现为紫花苜蓿Re)表现为紫花苜蓿

Abstract

To investigate the effects of different plants on soil and water conservation in ephemeral gullies of agricultural fields in the black soil region of Northeast China

ephemeral gullies were modelled on bare slopes (LP) and slopes planted with both alfalfa (V1) and Iris ensata Thunb (V2). By simulating upper catchment

hydraulic erosion experiments were carried out on the slope surface of ephemeral gullies covered by different plants

and the characteristics of runoff and sediment yield as well as the spatial and temporal variation of hydrodynamic parameters were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) Under the same flow rate

the runoff generation time followed the order of LP < alfalfa < I. ensata Thunb

with significantly prolonged flow production and greater infiltration

sediment-reduction benefits of alfalfa (61%) was significantly better than that of I. ensata Thunb (29%)

but the runoff reduction benefits of alfalfa (33%) was slightly weaker than that of I. ensata Thunb (38%). (2) Under the same flow rate

hydraulic friction coefficient (f) of alfalfa (2.3) was higher than that of I. ensata Thunb (0.8)

while the average flow rate (u) of alfalfa was slightly lower than that of I. ensata Thunb

the Froude number (Fr) and the mean Reynolds number (Re) followed the order of alfalfa < I. ensata Thunb

and the overall flow was turbulent. (3) Analysis of the fitted functions showed that Reynolds number was positively correlated with flow rate and friction coefficient under the three sets of experiments

but the functional relationship was slightly different. Froude number was negatively correlated with friction coefficient

all in line with the law of logarithmic function change. The results showed that the reduction of runoff and sediment yield was due to the increase of friction and infiltration rate of the vegetation cover

and alfalfa was more effective in reducing runoff and sediment than I. ensata Thunb. With the increasing flow rate

the runoff and sediment reduction benefits of I. ensata Thunb decayed more rapidly than those of alfalfa. The critical flow rate for protection of I. ensata Thunb was 30~40 L/min

and alfalfa could meet the soil and water conservation needs at higher catchment flow.

关键词

Keywords

references

李小辉,贾本有,范子武,等.典型作物对水土流失影响的小区试验研究[J].水利水电技术,2019,50(2):95-100.

Lizaga I, Quijano L, Gaspar L, et al. Linking land use changes to variation in soil properties in a mediterranean mountain agroecosystem[J].Catena,2019,172:516-527.

Panagos P, Standardi G, Borrelli P, et al. Cost of agricultural productivity loss due to soil erosion in the european union:From direct cost evaluation approaches to the use of macroeconomic models[J].Land Degradation and Development,2018,29(3):471-484.

林俊秋,杨大明,方怒放,等.坡面细沟侵蚀过程中的水动力特性变化[J].水土保持研究,2022,29(1):1-7.

Liu X B, Zhang S L, Zhang X Y, et al. Soil erosion control practices in northeast china:A mini-review[J].Soil and Tillage Research,2011,117:44-48.

Wang H, Yang S L, Wang Y D, et al. Rates and causes of black soil erosion in northeast china[J].Catena,2022,214:e106250.

中华人民共和国水利部.2020年中国水土保持公报[Z].中华人民共和国水利部公报,2021(1):22-35.

孙义秋,关颖慧,汪志荣,等.植被毯措施对黑土农田浅沟侵蚀的防护效果研究[J].水土保持研究,2022,29(1):8-13.

白建宏,回莉君.东北黑土区侵蚀沟发展与危害初步调查[J].中国水土保持,2015(8):68-70.

Pan C Z, Ma L. How the spatial distribution of grass contributes to controlling hillslope erosion[J].Hydrological Processes,2020,34(1):68-81.

Tang C J, Liu Y, Li Z W, et al. Effectiveness of vegetation cover pattern on regulating soil erosion and runoff generation in red soil environment, southern china[J].Ecological Indicators,2021,129:e107956.

张平,王树森,马迎梅,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区不同草本植物生长期植物纤维毯对沟道边坡产流产沙的影响[J].水土保持学报,2020,34(5):49-55.

Zhang X, Yu G Q, Li Z B, et al. Experimental study on slope runoff, erosion and sediment under different vegetation types[J].Water Resources Management,2014,28(9):2415-2433.

程洪,赵建民,颜涛,等.非饱和沙粒植草后抗剪强度与黏聚力增强试验研究[J].南昌工程学院学报,2017,36(6):31-36,104.

马东方,袁再健,吴新亮,等.华南花岗岩侵蚀区不同植被类型坡面土壤有机碳分布和团聚体稳定性[J].水土保持学报,2020,34(5):137-144.

赵炯昌,潘岱立,卫伟,等.植被格局对土壤入渗和水沙过程影响的模拟试验研究[J].生态学报,2021,41(4):1373-1380.

Zhu P Z, Zhang G H, Wang H X, et al. Soil infiltration properties affected by typical plant communities on steep gully slopes on the Loess Plateau of China[J].Journal of Hydrology,2020,590:e125535.

肖培青,姚文艺,申震洲,等.苜蓿草地侵蚀产沙过程及其水动力学机理试验研究[J].水利学报,2011,42(2):232-237.

贾莲莲,刘雅丽,朱冰冰,等.不同草带空间分布对坡面细沟侵蚀调控机制[J].水土保持学报,2021,35(1):145-148,153.

于国强,贾莲莲,朱冰冰,等.不同坡位的植被缓冲带对坡面侵蚀产沙来源的影响[J].水土保持研究,2020,27(6):9-13.

王钰,朱冰冰,冯起.草地坡面径流侵蚀动力特征模拟[J].中国沙漠,2020,40(6):162-168.

潘成忠,上官周平.不同坡度草地含沙水流水力学特性及其拦沙机理[J].水科学进展,2007,18(4):490-495.

王俊杰,张宽地,龚家国,等.不同覆盖度条件坡面水流阻力规律[J].水土保持学报,2015,29(5):1-6.

张宪奎,许靖华,卢秀琴,等.黑龙江省土壤流失方程的研究[J].水土保持通报,1992,12(4):1-9,18.

Gong J G, Jia Y W, Zhou Z H, et al. An experimental study on dynamic processes of ephemeral gully erosion in loess landscapes[J].Geomorphology, 2011,125(1):203-213.

Guo T L, Wang Q J, Li D Q, et al. Sediment and solute transport on soil slope under simultaneous influence of rainfall impact and scouring flow[J].Hydrological Processes,2010,24(11):1446-1454.

Guo M M, Chen Z X, Wang W L, et al. Spatiotemporal changes in flow hydraulic characteristics and soil loss during gully headcut erosion under controlled conditions[J].Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,2021,25:4473-4494.

Smith M W, Cox N J, Bracken L J. Applying flow resistance equations to overland flows[J].Progress in Physical Geography,2007,31(4):363-387.

Xu X M, Zheng F L, Wilson G. V. Flow hydraulics in an ephemeral gully system under different slope gradients, rainfall intensities and inflow conditions[J].Catena,2021,203:e105359.

田凯,李小青,鲁帆,等.坡面流侵蚀水动力学特性研究综述[J].中国水土保持,2010(4):44-47,68.

杨庆楠,徐金忠,李志飞,等.典型黑土区陡坡植草水土流失防治效果研究[J].水土保持通报,2019,39(6):117-123.

Bi Y, Zou H, Zhu C W. Dynamic monitoring of soil bulk density and infiltration rate during coal mining in sandy land with different vegetation[J].International Journal of Coal Science and Technology,2014,1(2):198-206.

张炜,郝巍魏,闫文博,等.进水水力负荷对植被浅沟雨水径流控制效果的影响[J].水电能源科学,2020,38(8):22-25.

龚家国,王文龙,郭军权.黄土丘陵沟壑区浅沟水流水动力学参数试验研究[J].中国水土保持科学,2008,6(1):93-100.

车小力,王文龙,郭军权,等.上方来水来沙对浅沟侵蚀产沙及水动力参数的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2011,9(3):26-31.

Sun J Q, Zhang N G, Shi M X, et al. The effects of tillage induced surface roughness, slope and discharge rate on soil detachment by concentrated flow:An experimental study[J].Hydrological Processes,2021,35(6):e14261.

An J, Zheng F L, Han Y. Effects of rainstorm patterns on runoff and sediment yield processes[J].Soil Science,2014,179(6):293-303.

Yang J H, Liu H Q, Zhang J P, et al. Lab simulation of soil erosion on cultivated soil slopes with wheat straw incorporation[J].Catena,2022,210:e105865.

浏览量

807

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

水力侵蚀对土壤碳循环及土壤微生物多样性影响的研究进展

无定河淤地坝拦沙措施时间变化的分析与对策

移动降雨条件下坡面产流产沙过程试验研究

模拟径流条件下覆沙黄土坡面产流产沙过程