控释肥配施玉米秸秆对麦季土壤酶活性及养分的影响

高丽超; 郑文魁; 郭新送; 程运龙; 张民

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.06.043

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控释肥配施玉米秸秆对麦季土壤酶活性及养分的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 控释肥配施玉米秸秆对麦季土壤酶活性及养分的影响
- Effects of Controlled Release Fertilizer Combined with Maize Straw on Soil Enzyme Activities and Nutrients in Wheat Season
- 水土保持学报 2022年36卷第6期页码：356-363
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 土肥高效利用国家工程研究中心, 山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东,泰安,271018
  2. 山东农大肥业科技股份有限公司, 山东肥城,271600
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2020QD113)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.06.043
  中图分类号： S158.3
- 纸质出版：2022
- 稿件说明：
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高丽超, 郑文魁, 郭新送, 等. 控释肥配施玉米秸秆对麦季土壤酶活性及养分的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2022,36(6):356-363.

GAO Lichao, ZHENG Wenkui, GUO Xinsong, et al. Effects of Controlled Release Fertilizer Combined with Maize Straw on Soil Enzyme Activities and Nutrients in Wheat Season[J]. 2022, 36(6): 356-363.
高丽超, 郑文魁, 郭新送, 等. 控释肥配施玉米秸秆对麦季土壤酶活性及养分的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2022,36(6):356-363. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.06.043.

GAO Lichao, ZHENG Wenkui, GUO Xinsong, et al. Effects of Controlled Release Fertilizer Combined with Maize Straw on Soil Enzyme Activities and Nutrients in Wheat Season[J]. 2022, 36(6): 356-363. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.06.043.

摘要

为了探究控释尿素掺混肥与玉米秸秆长期互作对麦季土壤酶活性和土壤养分状况的影响

基于华北平原棕壤区小麦—玉米轮作8年定位施肥试验

对比研究了玉米秸秆还田(S)与不还田条件下施用控释尿素掺混肥(CRF)与普通尿素掺混肥(BBF)对麦季土壤酶活性及土壤养分的影响。结果表明:秸秆不还田条件下

CRF处理较BBF处理显著提高土壤中性磷酸酶(返青期和成熟期)、蔗糖酶(返青期和孕穗期)和纤维素酶(返青期和孕穗期)活性及成熟期有机质、硝态氮和有效磷含量

其中

成熟期中性磷酸酶活性显著提高29.6%

硝态氮含量显著提高34.8%。秸秆还田条件下

BBF+S处理成熟期脲酶、纤维素酶

孕穗期中性磷酸酶活性显著高于CRF+S处理

其他时期2种类型掺混肥土壤酶活性无显著差异。CRF+S处理成熟期土壤全氮、有机质、硝态氮和有效磷含量显著高于BBF+S处理。氮肥种类和玉米秸秆还田的交互作用对土壤中性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶和纤维素酶活性及土壤全氮、硝态氮、铵态氮、有效磷和速效钾含量影响显著

秸秆还田较不还田处理显著提高中性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶活性、速效钾和有效磷含量。综上表明

玉米秸秆还田和不还田条件下控释尿素掺混肥较普通尿素掺混肥处理均能显著增加土壤有机质含量

提高小麦后期速效氮磷养分的供应强度和供应容量

其中玉米秸秆还田配施控释尿素掺混肥处理在提高土壤酶活性和土壤养分方面表现最优。研究结果可为秸秆还田下氮肥优化施用提供理论依据。

Abstract

In order to explore the effects of long-term interaction between controlled-release urea blended fertilizer and maize straw on soil enzyme activities and soil nutrient status in wheat season

based on 8-year experiment of positioned fertilization experiment of wheat-maize rotation in brown soil of North China Plain

the effects of controlled-release urea blended with urea (CRF) and bulk blending urea (BBF) on soil enzyme activities and soil nutrients in wheat season were compared under maize straw returning (S) and non-returning conditions. The results showed that under the condition of no straw returning

compared with BBF treatment

the CRF treatment significantly increased the neutral phosphatase activity (rejuvenation and maturity stages)

sucrase activity and cellulase activity (rejuvenation and booting stages) and the content of soil organic matter

NO3-—N and Olsen phosphorus (Olsen—P) at maturity. At maturity

the neutral phosphatase activity and NO3-—N content increased by 29.6% and 34.8%

respectively. Under the condition of straw returning

activities of urease and cellulase at maturity and neutral phosphatase activity at booting stage were significantly higher in the BBF+S treatment than that in the CRF+S treatment

but there was no significant difference in soil enzyme activities between the two types of blended nitrogen fertilizers at other stages. The content of soil total nitrogen

soil organic matter

NO3-—N and Olsen—P at maturity was significantly higher in the CRF+S treatment than that in the BBF+S treatment. The interaction of nitrogen fertilizer types and maize straw returning had significant effects on the activities of neutral phosphatase

sucrase and cellulase in soil and the contents of total nitrogen

NO3-—N

NH4+—N

Olsen—P and available potassium in soil. Straw returning significantly increased the activities of neutral phosphatase and sucrase and the contents of available potassium and Olsen—P compared with non-returning treatment. In summary

under the conditions of straw returning and non-returning

CRF treatment could significantly increase soil organic matter content

improve the supply intensity and supply capacity of available nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in late stage of wheat compared with the BBF treatment

and the treatment of CRF+S showed the best performance in improving soil enzyme activity and soil nutrients. The research results could provide a theoretical basis for the optimal application of nitrogen fertilizer under straw returning.

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