陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,西安,710119
纸质出版:2022
移动端阅览
朱启明, 程西科, 刘俊娥, 等. 黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区风沙土细沟分离能力探究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2022,36(6):189-194.
ZHU Qiming, CHENG Xike, LIU June, et al. Research on the Rill Detachment Capacity of Aeolian Sandy Soil in the Water-wind Erosion Crisscross Region of the Loess Plateau[J]. 2022, 36(6): 189-194.
朱启明, 程西科, 刘俊娥, 等. 黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区风沙土细沟分离能力探究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2022,36(6):189-194. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.06.024.
ZHU Qiming, CHENG Xike, LIU June, et al. Research on the Rill Detachment Capacity of Aeolian Sandy Soil in the Water-wind Erosion Crisscross Region of the Loess Plateau[J]. 2022, 36(6): 189-194. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.06.024.
细沟侵蚀产沙是黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区坡面侵蚀产沙的主要来源
明确该区细沟侵蚀过程特征及其影响因素
对有效防控入黄泥沙和维护流域安全具有重要的科学意义和实践价值。选取水蚀风蚀交错区下垫面典型风沙土为研究对象
通过不同流量(3
5
7
9
11 L/min)、不同坡度(9°
12°
15°
18°
21°)组合下的室内水槽冲刷试验定量揭示风沙土细沟分离过程对坡度、流量以及流速的响应关系
并建立分离能力方程。结果表明:(1)分离能力对坡度和流量的响应均呈线性正相关关系
且相关性极显著。流量对风沙土分离能力的影响大于坡度。除了受到坡度、流量的影响
分离能力还受到坡度和流量叠合作用的影响
这3种因子对分离能力影响由强到弱依次为流量、坡度和流量的叠合作用、坡度
且分离能力与这3种因子的关系可用线性正相关关系表示。(2)流速可作为反映坡度和流量之间叠合作用的关键因子。细沟分离能力对流速的响应呈显著线性正相关关系
试验条件下
临界流速为0.607 m/s。(3)坡度与流量组合下
坡度、流量与坡度和流量叠合作用组合下
单个流速因子下以及坡度、流量与流速因子组合下的4个分离能力方程均能较好地预测和模拟风沙土的分离能力
其中考虑坡度、流量以及坡度和流量叠合作用的方程拟合效果最佳。该研究结果可为完善水蚀风蚀交错区细沟水蚀过程模型提供一定的理论基础。
The sediment yield caused by rill erosion is the main source of sediment yield in the water-wind erosion crisscross region of the Loess Plateau. It is of great scientific significance and practical value to make clear the characteristics of rill erosion process and its influencing factors in this region
so as to effectively prevent and control sediment entering the Yellow River and effectively maintain the safety of the watershed. In this study
the typical aeolian sandy soil on the underlying surface in the water-wind erosion crisscross region was selected as test soil
and the indoor flume scouring experiments with different flow discharges (3
5
7
9
11 L/min) and different slope gradients (9°
12°
15°
18°
21°) were carried out
so as to establish equations
which could quantitatively reveal the response of rill detachment capacity to slope gradient
flow discharge and flow velocity. The results showed that: (1) The responses of detachment capacity to slope gradient and to flow discharge were both linearly and positively correlated
and the correlation were significant. The influence of flow discharge on detachment capacity was greater than that of slope gradient. In addition
detachment capacity was also affected by the superposition effect of slope gradient and flow discharge. The order of the influences on detachment capacity were: flow discharge
superposition effect of slope gradient and flow discharge
slope gradient. The relationships between detachment capacity and above three factors could also be well expressed by linearly positive correlations. (2) Flow velocity could be used as a key factor to reflect the superposition effect between slope gradient and flow discharge. There was a significant positively linear correlation between rill detachment capacity and flow velocity. Under the experimental conditions
the critical velocity was 0.607 m/s. (3) The four detachment capacity equations under the combination of slope gradient and flow discharge
under the combination of slope gradient
flow discharge and the superimposed effect of slope gradient and flow discharge
under the single flow velocity factor
and under the combination of slope gradient
flow discharge and flow velocity factor could predict and simulate the detachment capacity of aeolian sandy soil well
among which the equation considering the combination of slope gradient
flow discharge and the superimposed effect of slope gradient and flow discharge was the best. The results provide a theoretical basis for perfecting the rill erosion process model in water-wind erosion crisscross area.
刘宝元,杨扬,陆绍娟.几个常用土壤侵蚀术语辨析及其生产实践意义[J].中国水土保持科学,2018,16(1):9-16.
张辉,李鹏,汤珊珊,等.多场次降雨条件下覆沙坡面的径流产沙特性试验研究[J].泥沙研究,2016(6):59-65.
Zhang F B, Yang M Y, Li B B, et al. Effects of slope gradient on hydro-erosional processes on an aeolian sand-covered loess slope under simulated rainfall[J].Journal of Hydrology,2017,553:447-456.
Zhang Q Y, Fan J, Zhang X P. Effects of simulated wind followed by rain on runoff and sediment yield from a sandy loessial soil with rills[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2016,16(9):2306-2315.
曹晓娟,谢林妤,张风宝,等.沙层特性对沙盖黄土坡面产流产沙变化贡献的定量分析[J].地理学报,2019,74(5):962-974.
张光辉.土壤分离能力测定的不确定性分析[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(2):1-6.
Zhang G H, Liu B Y, Liu G B, et al. Detachment of undisturbed soil by shallow flow[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2003,67(3):713-719.
王秋霞,丁树文,夏栋,等.花岗岩崩岗区不同层次土壤分离速率定量研究[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(3):65-70.
Xiao H, Liu G, Liu P L, et al. Response of soil detachment rate to the hydraulic parameters of concentrated flow on steep loessial slopes on the Loess Plateau of China[J].Hydrological Processes,2017,31(14):2613-2621.
申楠,王占礼,陈浩.黄土坡面细沟水流分离能力[J].山地学报,2015,33(2):191-198.
Cao L X, Zhang K L, Zhang W. Detachment of road surface soil by flowing water[J].Catena,2009,76(2):155-162.
郑良勇,李占斌,李鹏.黄土区陡坡侵蚀过程试验研究[J].土壤与环境,2002,11(4):356-359.
张光辉,刘宝元,何小武.黄土区原状土壤分离过程的水动力学机理研究[J].水土保持学报,2005,19(4):48-52.
郝好鑫,杜一凡,曹丹妮,等.红壤缓坡水流动力学特性及其对侵蚀影响的试验研究[J].中国水土保持科学,2018,16(2): 1-8. (下转第205页)
0
浏览量
631
下载量
2
CSCD
关联资源
相关文章
相关作者
相关机构
京公网安备11010802024621