作物覆盖度对土壤侵蚀的影响

彭琼; 刘宝元; 曹琦; 刘逸滨

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.05.014

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作物覆盖度对土壤侵蚀的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 作物覆盖度对土壤侵蚀的影响
- Effect of Crop Coverage on Soil Erosion
- 水土保持学报 2022年36卷第5期页码：97-103
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所, 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点室, 陕西杨凌,712100
  2. 北京师范大学自然科学高等研究院,广东,珠海,519087
  3. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌,712100
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "彭琼(1996-),女,在读硕士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀和水土保持研究。E-mail:Jonespq@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1500704)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.05.014
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2022
- 稿件说明：
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彭琼, 刘宝元, 曹琦, 等. 作物覆盖度对土壤侵蚀的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2022,36(5):97-103.

PENG Qiong, LIU Baoyuan, CAO Qi, et al. Effect of Crop Coverage on Soil Erosion[J]. 2022, 36(5): 97-103.
彭琼, 刘宝元, 曹琦, 等. 作物覆盖度对土壤侵蚀的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2022,36(5):97-103. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.05.014.

PENG Qiong, LIU Baoyuan, CAO Qi, et al. Effect of Crop Coverage on Soil Erosion[J]. 2022, 36(5): 97-103. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.05.014.

摘要

为研究传统耕作模式下坡耕地作物覆盖度对土壤侵蚀的影响

利用冬小麦不同的种植密度和生长期来模拟作物不同的覆盖度情况。采用人工模拟降雨方法测定0

150万

250万

350万

450万株/hm2 5种不同密度处理在不同生育期的覆盖度、地表径流和土壤侵蚀

分析作物覆盖度对土壤侵蚀的影响。结果表明:(1)坡耕地作物种植密度的不同导致覆盖度产生差异

对土壤侵蚀有明显的影响

作物覆盖度一般随种植密度的增加而增加

但如果密度过大

由于生长状况不佳

覆盖度反而变小

表现为7.5万株/hm2时覆盖度最大

种植密度最大的9万株/hm2的覆盖度却不是最大;(2)侵蚀量和径流量与作物覆盖均呈较好的指数函数关系

分别为Y=44.37e-0.09x(p＜0.01)

Y=1089.19e-0.02x(p＜0.01)

即随作物覆盖度的增加

径流量和侵蚀量减少;(3)土壤侵蚀和地表径流之间存在显著的指数函数关系(R2=0.96)。研究结果对分析传统耕作农地的土壤侵蚀

量化耕作措施因子和准确预测土壤侵蚀

指导农田水土保持有重要意义。

Abstract

In order to study the effects of different planting densities on soil erosion of sloping cropland under the conventional tillage

different planting densities and growth periods of winter wheat were used to simulate the different crop coverages. The artificial rainfall simulation method was used to measure coverage

surface runoff and soil erosion of five different density treatments (0

1 500 000

2 500 000

3 500 000 and 4 500 000 plants/hm2) in different growth periods

and to analyze the effect of crop coverage on soil erosion. The result showed that: (1) The difference of crop planting density on sloping cropland lead to the difference of coverage

which had a significant impact on soil erosion. Crop coverage generally increased with the increasing of planting density

however

if the density was too high

due to poor growth conditions

the coverage became smaller. The coverage was the largest at 75 000 plants/hm2

but the coverage of 90 000 plants/hm2

which was the highest planting density

was not the largest. (2) There was a good exponential function relationship between erosion and runoff and crop cover

and the function was Y = 44.37e-0.09x (p < 0.01)

Y = 1089.19e-0.02x (p < 0.01)

respectively. That is

with the increasing of crop coverage

runoff and erosion decreased. (3) There was a significant exponential function relationship between soil erosion and surface runoff (R2 = 0.96). These conclusions were of great significance for analyzing soil erosion in conventional tillage cropland

quantifying the factors of tillage measures

accurately predicting soil erosion

and guiding cropland water and soil conservation.

关键词

Keywords

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