宁镇丘陵区村域小流域不同土壤景观下表土质量变化及评价

赵正; 刘纯; 尚明月; 陈敬龙; 包旭华; 刘晓雨; 卞荣军; 张旭辉; 程琨; 王燕; DrososMarios; 郑聚锋; 李恋卿; 潘根兴

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.04.033

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宁镇丘陵区村域小流域不同土壤景观下表土质量变化及评价

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 宁镇丘陵区村域小流域不同土壤景观下表土质量变化及评价
- Changes and Evaluation of Topsoil Quality Across Different Soil-landscapes in A Village Level Watershed of Nanjing-Zhenjiang Hilly Region
- 水土保持学报 2022年36卷第4期页码：265-276
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 南京农业大学农业资源与生态环境研究所,南京,210095
  2. 南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,南京,210095
  3. 江苏省南京市晶桥镇农业服务中心,南京,211224
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "赵正(1997—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤学研究。E-mail:zhaozhengqs@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（41771332）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.04.033
  中图分类号： S154.1
- 纸质出版：2022
- 稿件说明：
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赵正, 刘纯, 尚明月, 等. 宁镇丘陵区村域小流域不同土壤景观下表土质量变化及评价[J]. 水土保持学报, 2022,36(4):265-276.

ZHAO Zheng, LIU Chun, SHANG Mingyue, et al. Changes and Evaluation of Topsoil Quality Across Different Soil-landscapes in A Village Level Watershed of Nanjing-Zhenjiang Hilly Region[J]. 2022, 36(4): 265-276.
赵正, 刘纯, 尚明月, 等. 宁镇丘陵区村域小流域不同土壤景观下表土质量变化及评价[J]. 水土保持学报, 2022,36(4):265-276. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.04.033.

ZHAO Zheng, LIU Chun, SHANG Mingyue, et al. Changes and Evaluation of Topsoil Quality Across Different Soil-landscapes in A Village Level Watershed of Nanjing-Zhenjiang Hilly Region[J]. 2022, 36(4): 265-276. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.04.033.

摘要

中国南方丘陵区存在着自然过程和人类活动交互影响的、土地利用—土地覆盖叠加变化的多种土壤景观，其土壤质量对乡村农业产业发展具有重要影响。在南京市远郊的溧水区晶桥镇芝山村域小流域，选取流域内生态保护的林地、农业利用的园地、旱地和稻田4种土壤景观，于秋季分别采集表土样品，测定土壤基础理化性质、土壤团聚体粒径组成及土壤微生物磷脂肪酸和胞外酶活性分布，分析土壤肥力、土壤团聚化、土壤生物活性等关键性质在不同土壤景观中的变异情况，并采用土壤质量评价方法探明土壤景观与表土质量的变化关系。结果表明，与原生林地相比，农业土壤景观中有机质减少50.93%~69.63%，土壤团聚体平均重量直径降低41.34%~68.71%；相应地，土壤微生物总磷脂脂肪酸含量也降低19.20%~42.04%，土壤归一化酶活性降低22.48%~63.27%。因此，与林地景观土壤相比，农业土壤景观的土壤生态系统服务功能已经显著削弱。不过，在农业土壤景观中，稻田的土壤有机质储量和微生物活性相对较高。回归分析表明，土壤有机质含量是影响土壤性质变化的最强因子。基于总数据集和最小数据集的土壤质量评价和基于土壤健康理念的土壤功能质量评价均表明，表土总体土壤质量的变化趋势为林地>稻田>旱地>园地。同时，基于土壤健康理念的评价体系能综合地反映不同土壤景观间土壤的质量变化及其生态系统功能意义。

Abstract

Heterogeneous soil landscapes are common under interaction of natural processes and human activities

and in turn

under combined impacts of land use and land cover in the hilly areas of South China. Variation of soil quality across these soil landscapes impacts development of agro-industries in rural area. In this study

4 types of soil-landscapes including forest land under conservation on hill slope

orchard

dry crop land and paddy field in the basin

were selected in a small watershed of Zhishan Village

Jingqiao Town

Lishui District in suburb Nanjing. Topsoil samples were collected in autumn to analyze basic physico-chemical properties

soil aggregate size distribution and microbial phospholipid fatty acids as well as extracellular enzyme activities. Concerned for soil fertility

the variation of key parameters of soil organic carbon

aggregation and biological activity were explored across these soil landscapes. The relationship between soil landscape and topsoil quality was explored by soil quality evaluation method. The results showed that

compared with the conserved forestland soil-landscape

the soil organic matter (SOM) declined by 50.93% to 69.63%

the mean weight diameter of soil aggregates reduced by 41.34% to 68.71%

the total phospholipid fatty acids reduced by 19.20% to 42.04%

while normalized enzyme activity dropped by 22.48% to 63.27% in the topsoil of the agricultural soil-land scapes. Accordingly

compared with forest land

the ecosystem functions and service of topsoil under the agricultural soil-landscapes had been significantly weakened. However

paddy fields had higher SOM content and microbial activity. Regression analysis showed that

SOM content was the strongest driver for topsoil quality change within the watershed. Theevaluation of soil quality based on total data set and minimum data set and the evaluation of soil functional quality based on the concept of soil health show that

the overall topsoil quality was in an order of forest land>paddy field>upland>orchard. Further

the evaluation system based on the concept of soil health can comprehensively reflect the changes of soil quality and the significance of ecosystem function among different soil-landscapes.

关键词

Keywords

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