1. 福建农林大学林学院,福州,350002
2. 福建省高校森林生态系统过程与经营重点实验室,福州,350002
[ "俞陈辉(1997—),男,在读硕士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀与生态恢复方面的研究。E-mail:ychenhui@fafu.edu.cn" ]
纸质出版:2022
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俞陈辉, 田雪, 刘鑫铭, 等. 泥石流流域失稳性坡面土壤抗蚀性评价[J]. 水土保持学报, 2022,36(4):13-21.
YU Chenhui, TIAN Xue, LIU Xinming, et al. Evaluation of Soil Anti-Erodibility of Unstable Slope in Debris Flow Basin[J]. 2022, 36(4): 13-21.
俞陈辉, 田雪, 刘鑫铭, 等. 泥石流流域失稳性坡面土壤抗蚀性评价[J]. 水土保持学报, 2022,36(4):13-21. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.04.003.
YU Chenhui, TIAN Xue, LIU Xinming, et al. Evaluation of Soil Anti-Erodibility of Unstable Slope in Debris Flow Basin[J]. 2022, 36(4): 13-21. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.04.003.
为探究失稳性坡面不同区段对土壤抗蚀性的影响效应,加深滑坡对坡面土壤结构作用机制的认识,以云南省昆明市东川区蒋家沟流域为研究区,选取区内3个气候区(温带湿润山岭区、亚热带和暖温带半湿润区、亚热带干热河谷区)共5个样地(大地阴坡、小尖风阳坡、多照沟阳坡、查菁沟阳坡、大凹子沟阴坡),分析土壤样品的理化性质,并运用主成分分析法对5个样地失稳性坡面土壤抗蚀性进行综合研究。结果表明:(1)5个样地的土壤持水量、孔隙结构、有机质含量、水解氮含量、速效钾含量、土壤团聚体粒径≥0.25 mm占比、土壤团聚体平均重量直径在稳定区显著大于堆积区,呈现稳定区>失稳区>堆积区趋势;而土壤容重、有效磷含量、全磷含量、土壤团聚体粒径<0.25 mm占比则在稳定区显著小于堆积区。(2)5个样地的土壤抗蚀性综合得分(F)均表现出稳定区(2.401)>失稳区(0.017)>堆积区的规律(-2.417),且3个坡面区段间差异显著(p<0.05)。3个坡面区段土壤抗冲指数大小依次为稳定区(45.873 L/(s·g))>失稳区(33.245 L/(s·g))>堆积区(15.723 L/(s·g)),稳定区与堆积区差异显著(p<0.05)。抗冲指数与抗蚀性具有极显著正相关关系。(3)土壤持水性、孔隙度、有机质含量、氮钾含量、粒径≥0.25 mm团聚体含量和团聚体平均重量直径与土壤抗蚀性综合得分呈显著正相关;而土壤容重、有效磷含量、粒径<0.25 mm的微团聚体含量则与土壤抗蚀性综合得分呈显著负相关。研究结果阐明了泥石流流域土壤抗蚀性对失稳性坡面的响应机制,促进了灾害对土壤结构影响效应的认识,为总结提升失稳性坡面土壤抗蚀性的综合措施提供参考依据。
This paper aims to investigate the effect of different sections of unstable slope on soil anti-erodibility and deepen the understanding of the action mechanism of landslide on slope soil structure. Totally five sample plots (including Dadi shady slope
Xiaojianfeng sunny slope
Duozhao gully sunny slope
Chajing gully sunny slope and Daaozi gully shady slope) in three climate regions (including temperate humid mountain ridge region
subtropical and warm temperate sub-humid region
subtropical dry-hot valley region) were selected as a research area in the Jiangjia gully watershed
Dongchuan district
Kunming
Yunnan Province. We analyzed the physical and chemical properties of soil samples and used principal component analysis (PCA) to study the soil erosion resistance of unstable slopes in the study plots. The results showed that:(1) The soil water-holding capacity
porosity structure
organicmatter content
hydrolyzed nitrogen
available potassium
the proportion of particle size ≥ 0.25 mm
mean weight diameter of soil aggregate in the stable area were significantly larger than those in the accumulation area. The above indicators showed the trend of stable area> unstable area>accumulation area
while the soil bulk density
available phosphorus
total phosphorus
and the proportion of particle size<0.25 mm in the stable area were significantly smaller than those in the accumulation area. (2) The comprehensive index of soil anti-erodibility (F) of the 5 sample plots ranged as:stable area (2.401)>unstable area (0.017)>accumulation area (-2.417)
and the difference among 3 slope sections was significant (p<0.05). The indexes of soil anti-scourability followed the rule as stable area (45.873 L/(s·g))>unstable area (33.245 L/(s·g))>accumulation area (15.723 L/(s·g)). There were significant differences between the stable zone and theaccumulation zone (p<0.05). There was a significantly positive relationship between the comprehensive index of soil anti-erodibility and the indexes of soil anti-scourability. (3) The soil water-holding capacity
porosity
organic matter content
nitrogen and potassium content
the proportion of particle size ≥ 0.25 mm and mean weight diameter in the study area were significantly positively correlated with the comprehensive scores of soil anti-erodibility
while the soil bulk density
available phosphorus content
and particle size <0.25mm were significantly negatively correlated with the comprehensive scores of soil anti-erodibility. This study clarifies the corresponding mechanism of soil erosion resistance in debris flow basin on landslide induced unstable slope
promotes the understanding of the impact of disasters on soil structure
and has reference value for comprehensive measures to improve soil erosion resistance on unstable slope.
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