玉米秸秆粉碎还田对黑土坡面土壤侵蚀特征的影响

牟廷森; 沈海鸥; 王东丽; 张月; 武佳龙; 黄子炎

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.02.010

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玉米秸秆粉碎还田对黑土坡面土壤侵蚀特征的影响

更新时间：2024-11-07

- 玉米秸秆粉碎还田对黑土坡面土壤侵蚀特征的影响
- Effects of Crushed Corn Straw Returning on Soil Erosion Characteristics at the Black Soil Hillslopes
- 水土保持学报 2022年36卷第2期页码：78-83
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春,130118
  2. 秸秆生物学与利用教育部重点实验室,长春,130118
  3. 辽宁工程技术大学环境科学与工程学院,辽宁,阜新,123000
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "牟廷森(1997-),男,硕士研究生,四川绵阳人,主要从事土壤侵蚀机理研究。E-mail:moutingsen@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFE0202900）国家自然科学基金项目（41701325,41601281）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.02.010
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2022
- 稿件说明：
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牟廷森, 沈海鸥, 王东丽, 等. 玉米秸秆粉碎还田对黑土坡面土壤侵蚀特征的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2022,36(2):78-83.

MOU Tingsen, SHEN Haiou, WANG Dongli, et al. Effects of Crushed Corn Straw Returning on Soil Erosion Characteristics at the Black Soil Hillslopes[J]. 2022, 36(2): 78-83.
牟廷森, 沈海鸥, 王东丽, 等. 玉米秸秆粉碎还田对黑土坡面土壤侵蚀特征的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2022,36(2):78-83. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.02.010.

MOU Tingsen, SHEN Haiou, WANG Dongli, et al. Effects of Crushed Corn Straw Returning on Soil Erosion Characteristics at the Black Soil Hillslopes[J]. 2022, 36(2): 78-83. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.02.010.

摘要

为探究玉米秸秆粉碎还田对黑土坡面土壤侵蚀特征的影响

对不同坡度(3°

5°和7°)下不同玉米秸秆粉碎还田量(0

25%

50%

75%和100%)坡面进行人工模拟降雨试验。结果表明:玉米秸秆粉碎还田措施具有调控径流作用

坡面产流时间延缓

产流率和径流量降低;秸秆还田量越大

产流时间延后越明显

平均径流流速越低;在3°坡面

秸秆粉碎还田25%和100%处理的调控径流效果较好

在5°和7°坡面

秸秆粉碎还田50%和75%处理的调控径流效果较好。同时

玉米秸秆粉碎还田措施能够在一定程度上降低坡面产沙率和土壤侵蚀量

当秸秆粉碎还田量较低(<50%)时

相对平缓坡度(3°和5°)下的产沙率和土壤侵蚀量较低

调控侵蚀效果较好

在3°坡面

秸秆粉碎还田25%处理的调控侵蚀效果可达74.1%;当秸秆粉碎还田量较高(>50%)时

随着坡度的增大

其调控侵蚀效果呈增加趋势

在7°坡面

秸秆粉碎还田100%处理的调控侵蚀效果可达72.1%。因此

在农业生产实践中应结合当地地形坡度

筛选适宜的秸秆还田方式和还田量。

Abstract

To reveal the effects of crushed corn straw returning on soil erosion characteristics at the black soil hillslopes

the simulated rainfall experiments were carried out based on different amounts of crushed corn straw returning (0

25%

50%

75% and 100%) under different slope gradients (3°

5° and 7°). The results showed that the crushed corn straw returning could regulate runoff

and delay the runoff-yield time; and thus

the runoff rates and runoff values decreased. Moreover

with the increasing amounts of the crushed corn straw returning

the runoff-yield time delayed more and the mean runoff velocity obviously decreased. For the 3° hillslope

the 25% and 100% of crushed corn straw returning treatments showed better runoff regulation effects; while for the 5° and 7° hillslopes

the 50% and 75% treatments showed the better. Furthermore

the crushed corn straw returning could decrease the sediment rates and soil erosion to a certain extent. When the amount of the crushed corn straw returning was lower (<50%)

the sediment rates and soil erosion were also lower under gentle slope gradients (3° and 5°)

which illustrated that the treatments showed relatively better soil erosion regulation effects. Among them

the soil erosion regulation effect for the 25% of crushed corn straw returning treatment could reach 74.1% under the 3° slope gradient. When the amount of the crushed corn straw returning was greater (>50%)

the soil erosion regulation effects increased with the increases in the slope gradients. Among them

the soil erosion regulation effect for the 100% of crushed corn straw returning treatment could reach 72.1% under the 7° slope gradient. Therefore

it is necessary to select appropriate corn straw returning patterns and amounts based on concrete slope gradients and other topographic characteristics in the practice of agricultural production.

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Keywords

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