管道孔径对西南喀斯特坡地水土漏失的影响

司琴; 赖本忠; 付智勇; 徐勤学; 陈洪松

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.02.006

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管道孔径对西南喀斯特坡地水土漏失的影响

更新时间：2024-11-07

- 管道孔径对西南喀斯特坡地水土漏失的影响
- Impact of Conduit Aperture on Soil and Water Loss on Karst Slope in Southwest China
- 水土保持学报 2022年36卷第2期页码：49-56
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,长沙,410125
  2. 桂林理工大学广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室科教结合科技创新基地,广西,桂林,541004
  3. 中国科学院环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站, 广西环江,547100
  4. 桂林理工大学岩溶地区水污染控制与用水安全保障协同创新中心,广西,桂林,541004
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "司琴(1998-),女,安徽蚌埠人,硕士研究生,主要从事水土保持与农业生态研究。E-mail:1436404909@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（51769005,42077077）广西自然科学基金项目（2020GXNSFAA297242）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.02.006
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2022
- 稿件说明：
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司琴, 赖本忠, 付智勇, 等. 管道孔径对西南喀斯特坡地水土漏失的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2022,36(2):49-56.

SI Qin, LAI Benzhong, FU Zhiyong, et al. Impact of Conduit Aperture on Soil and Water Loss on Karst Slope in Southwest China[J]. 2022, 36(2): 49-56.
司琴, 赖本忠, 付智勇, 等. 管道孔径对西南喀斯特坡地水土漏失的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2022,36(2):49-56. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.02.006.

SI Qin, LAI Benzhong, FU Zhiyong, et al. Impact of Conduit Aperture on Soil and Water Loss on Karst Slope in Southwest China[J]. 2022, 36(2): 49-56. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.02.006.

摘要

基于西南喀斯特坡地近地表岩溶管道的调查统计

建立喀斯特区地表-地下二元空间水土过程试验微区

通过人工模拟降雨试验

研究不同雨强下(52

133 mm/h)岩溶管道孔径大小(1

5 cm)对水土地下漏失过程的影响。结果表明:(1)岩溶管道孔径的增大显著增大了地下径流系数和径流强度

但对初始产流时间的影响并不显著;在中雨强(52 mm/h)条件下

随着孔径的增大

初始产流所需要的时间也相应延长;在大雨强(133 mm/h)条件下则相反。(2)随着孔径的增大

中雨强(52 mm/h)下的地下径流特征曲线呈现先增强后趋于平稳状态;大雨强(133 mm/h)下的径流强度随着孔径的增大呈现持续上升的变化趋势

且2 cm和5 cm孔径的地下总径流强度较1 cm时分别扩大75%和74%。(3)不同岩溶管道的地下产沙量均与其孔径大小呈正比。在中雨强(52 mm/h)条件下

2 cm和5 cm岩溶管道孔径的产沙量分别是1 cm孔径的2.5

14.9倍;大雨强(133 mm/h)条件下

2 cm和5 cm岩溶管道孔径的产沙量分别是1 cm孔径的6.9

10.3倍。(4) 大雨强(133 mm/h)条件下

不同粒径范围的泥沙漏失质量大小顺序为粒径<2 mm>3~2 mm>5~3 mm>5 mm以上。研究结果有利于深入理解岩溶管道孔径的大小对西南喀斯特区地下漏失的影响

为该地区水土流失防治提供参考。

Abstract

Based on the investigation and statistics of karst slope near-surface karst conduits

this paper established a test micro-area of surface-underground binary space water and soil process in Karst area. Through artificial simulated rainfall test

the influence of pore size (1 cm

2 cm

5 cm) of karst conduits on water and soil leakage process under different rainfall intensities (52 mm/h and 133 mm/h) was studied. The results showed that:(1) The coefficient of underground runoff and the intensity of runoff increased significantly with the increases of pore size of karst conduits

but the effect on the initial runoff time was not significant. Under the moderate rain intensity (52 mm/h)

the time required for initial runoff generation increased with the increases of pore size. However

under heavy rain (133 mm/h)

the initial runoff time decreased with the increases of pore size. (2) With the increases of pore size

the characteristic curve of runoff intensity under moderate rain intensity (52 mm/h) showed that it increased first and then tended to be stable. The runoff intensity at mid-slope position was proportional to the pore size

and the upstream and downhill positions were not significantly affected by the pore size. The change order of runoff intensity with the pore size was 5 cm>1 cm>2 cm. The runoff intensity under heavy rain (133 mm/h) showed a continuous upward trend with the increases of pore size

and the gross runoff intensity at 2 cm and 5 cm aperture increased by 75% and 74% respectively compared with that at 1 cm. (3) Underground sediment yield of different karst conduits was proportional to their pore size. Under medium rain intensity (52 mm/h)

the sediment yield of 2 cm and 5 cm karst conduits with pore diameter was 2.5 and 14.9 times of that of 1 cm respectively. Under heavy rain (133 mm/h)

the sediment yield of 2 cm and 5 cm karst conduit with pore diameter was 6.9 and 10.3 times of that of 1 cm respectively. (4) Under heavy rain (133 mm/h)

the order of mass loss of sediment in different particle size ranges was:particle size less than 2 mm>3~2 mm>5~3 mm>5 mm or more. These research results are helpful to further understand the influence of karst pore size on underground leakage in southwest karst area and provide reference for water and soil erosion prevention in this area.

关键词

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