气象干旱-水文干旱传播过程特征及其影响因素——以贵州黔中水利工程区为例

张浪; 贺中华; 杨铭珂; 游漫; 皮贵宁

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.01.020

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气象干旱-水文干旱传播过程特征及其影响因素——以贵州黔中水利工程区为例

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 气象干旱-水文干旱传播过程特征及其影响因素——以贵州黔中水利工程区为例
- Characteristics of Meteorological Drought-Hydrological Drought Propagation Process and Its Influencing Factors-Taking Guizhou Qianzhong Water Conservancy Project Area as An Example
- 水土保持学报 2022年36卷第1期页码：142-152
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵阳,550001
  2. 贵州师范大学国家喀斯特石漠化防治工程技术研究中心,贵阳,550001
  3. 贵州省山地资源与环境遥感应用重点实验室,贵阳,550001
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "张浪(1995—), 女, 贵州黔西人, 在读硕士研究生, 主要从事喀斯特水文水资源与遥感研究。E-mail: zhanglang95@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目(u1612441;41471032);贵州省水利厅自然科研基金项目(KT201402);贵州师范大学2015年博士科研启动金项目
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.01.020
  中图分类号： P426.616
- 纸质出版：2022
- 稿件说明：
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张浪, 贺中华, 杨铭珂, 等. 气象干旱-水文干旱传播过程特征及其影响因素——以贵州黔中水利工程区为例[J]. 水土保持学报, 2022,36(1):142-152.

ZHANG Lang, HE Zhonghua, YANG Mingke, et al. Characteristics of Meteorological Drought-Hydrological Drought Propagation Process and Its Influencing Factors-Taking Guizhou Qianzhong Water Conservancy Project Area as An Example[J]. 2022, 36(1): 142-152.
张浪, 贺中华, 杨铭珂, 等. 气象干旱-水文干旱传播过程特征及其影响因素——以贵州黔中水利工程区为例[J]. 水土保持学报, 2022,36(1):142-152. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.01.020.

ZHANG Lang, HE Zhonghua, YANG Mingke, et al. Characteristics of Meteorological Drought-Hydrological Drought Propagation Process and Its Influencing Factors-Taking Guizhou Qianzhong Water Conservancy Project Area as An Example[J]. 2022, 36(1): 142-152. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.01.020.

摘要

为探究喀斯特区域气象干旱向水文干旱传播过程特征

使用SPI与SRI标准化指数识别区域干旱

采用交叉小波、小波相干、状态转移概率等方法探讨传播强度、响应率等干旱传播特征。结果表明: (1)上世纪60 s和70 s气象干旱、水文干旱的干旱持续时间较短

而80 s与21世纪初期区域干旱持续时间较长; SPI与SRI间呈显著的正相关关系

气象干旱向水文干旱传播的过程需要1.5个月。(2)喀斯特区域的干旱传播强度DPI＞1

且响应率偏高

水文干旱对气象干旱的发生极为敏感

尤其是在地表切割深度较浅、岩溶发育较为强烈的区域。(3)传播过程主要受地表切割深度的影响较大

各下垫面条件对干旱传播过程的影响程度依次为地表切割深度＞岩溶发育强度＞高程＞地形地貌

其中

干旱传播特征与地表切割深度呈显著的负相关

与岩溶发育强度、高程、地形地貌呈正相关; 在浅切割、中等切割或海拔较低、岩溶发育强烈的区域

各等级间的DPI、Rr的转移较为活跃

整体上传播特征在57年间呈增强的趋势。研究结果旨在为区域干旱防治与监测提供理论依据

尤其是为喀斯特生态环境脆弱区的可持续发展规划提供理论参考。

Abstract

In order to explore the characteristics of the propagation process of meteorological drought to hydrological drought in karst region

the SPI and SRI standardization indexes were used to identify regional drought

and methods of cross wavelet

wavelet coherence and state transition probability were used to explore the drought propagation characteristics such as propagation intensity and response rate. The results showed that: (1) The duration of meteorological drought and hydrological drought in the 60 s and 70 s of the last century was shorter

while the regional droughts in the 80 s of the last century and the early 21st century lasted longer. There was a significant positive correlation between SPI and SRI

and the process of meteorological drought tended to hydrological drought took 1.5 months. (2) The transmission intensity of drought DPI in the karst area was greater than 1 and the response rate was relatively high. Hydrological drought was extremely sensitive to the occurrence of meteorological drought

especially in areas where the cutting depth of the surface was relatively shallow and the karst development was relatively strong. (3) The propagation process was mainly affected by the cutting depth of the surface. The influence degree of each underlying surface condition to the drought propagation process was sequenced as surface cutting depth> karst development intensity> elevation> topography and landforms

among them the characteristics of drought propagation was significantly negatively correlated with the depth of surface cutting

and positively correlated with the intensity of karst development

elevation

and topography. In the areas with shallow cut

medium cut

or low altitude and strong karst development

the transfer of DPI and Rr between each grade was more active. On the whole

the propagation characteristics showed an increasing trend in 57 years. The results could provide a theoretical basis for drought prevention and monitoring in karst areas

especially for the sustainable development planning of ecologically fragile areas.

关键词

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