长期覆膜旱地苹果园表层土壤“隐性”退化下活性有机碳与酶活性差异

孙文泰; 马明; 董铁; 牛军强; 尹晓宁; 刘兴禄

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.05.037

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

长期覆膜旱地苹果园表层土壤“隐性”退化下活性有机碳与酶活性差异

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 长期覆膜旱地苹果园表层土壤“隐性”退化下活性有机碳与酶活性差异
- Differences of Active Organic Carbon and Enzymes Activities in the Surface Soil “Recessive” Degradation of Long-term Dryland Apple Orchards Under Plastic Film Mulching
- 水土保持学报 2021年35卷第5期页码：272-279
- 作者机构：
  
  甘肃省农业科学院林果花卉研究所,兰州,730070
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "孙文泰(1983-),女,硕士,副研究员,主要从事果树与逆境生态研究。E-mail:swt830312@126.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（31760555）农业部西北地区果树科学观测试验站项目（S-10-18）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.05.037
  中图分类号： S661.1
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
孙文泰, 马明, 董铁, 等. 长期覆膜旱地苹果园表层土壤“隐性”退化下活性有机碳与酶活性差异[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(5):272-279.

SUN Wentai, MA Ming, DONG Tie, et al. Differences of Active Organic Carbon and Enzymes Activities in the Surface Soil “Recessive” Degradation of Long-term Dryland Apple Orchards Under Plastic Film Mulching[J]. 2021, 35(5): 272-279.
孙文泰, 马明, 董铁, 等. 长期覆膜旱地苹果园表层土壤“隐性”退化下活性有机碳与酶活性差异[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(5):272-279. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.05.037.

SUN Wentai, MA Ming, DONG Tie, et al. Differences of Active Organic Carbon and Enzymes Activities in the Surface Soil “Recessive” Degradation of Long-term Dryland Apple Orchards Under Plastic Film Mulching[J]. 2021, 35(5): 272-279. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.05.037.

摘要

为探明陇东旱塬雨养农业区旱作节水措施下黄绵土物理稳定性机制和化学活性机制，揭示表层土壤有机碳贮存对土壤物理"隐性"退化的响应机制。以陇东旱塬区不同覆膜年限（2，4，6年）的苹果园表层土壤（0—20 cm）为对象，对土壤物理性状、质地分级进行判断，监测微生物量碳（MBC）、易氧化有机碳（EOC）、颗粒有机碳（POC）、可溶性有机碳（DOC）等指标的动态变化，表征土壤有机碳变化趋势，借助β-1，4-木糖苷酶（βX）、β-1，4-葡萄糖苷酶（βG）、纤维二糖水解酶（CBH）活性表征土壤碳代谢循环特性，以解析不同覆膜年限下根系生长、土壤物理结构与土壤碳代谢酶活性、有机碳固持的关系。结果表明：短期覆膜（2Y）可有效改善土壤含水量、总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度，降低土壤容重，分别为CK的112.39%，105.65%，104.29%，90.08%，显著促进细根的生长，有利于良好的土壤结构形成和植物源有机质输入；有机碳总量、颗粒有机碳、可溶性有机碳、微生物量碳、易氧化有机碳含量分别为CK的137.21%，220.11%，129.42%，151.35%，111.72%，提高活性有机碳组分含量；长期覆膜（6Y）表现为表层土壤"隐性"退化，土壤孔隙结构恶化导致细根生长障碍，土壤活性有机碳组分中的易氧化有机碳、微生物量碳显著降低，仅分别为CK的46.88%，43.54%；βX、βG、CBH酶活性作为主导因子决定了有机碳储量的变异性，仅分别为CK的65.60%，53.08%，47.04%；长期覆膜条件下表层土壤结构的破坏，导致根系生长受到抑制，土壤碳代谢酶活性和碳库管理指数的降低，有机碳储量减少，不利于土壤质量长期稳定健康发展；短期覆膜（2Y）为适于陇东旱塬苹果栽培的节水保墒覆膜年限。研究结果为完善黄土高原雨养农业区苹果栽培节水保墒技术对土壤物理结构演化、地力提升、根系生长的调节机制、优化抗旱栽培技术提供理论依据。

Abstract

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is an important component of soil organic matter and an important index to evaluate soil fertility. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of soil water saving and soil moisture conservation on surface soil structure stability and organic carbon sequestration capacity in rain-fed agricultural area of the Longdong dry tableland

Northwest China. In this study

the fine root growth of 0-20 cm topsoil of apple orchards with different plastic film mulching years (2

6 years) was investigated. The soil physical properties and texture was classified. With microbial biomass carbon (MBC)

easily oxidized organic carbon (EOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC)

soluble organic carbon (DOC)

and other indicators

the dynamic change of characterization of soil organic carbon were evaluated. With the help of β-1

4-wood glycosidase (βX)

β-1

4-glycosidase enzymes (βG)

cellobiose hydrolysis (CBH) enzymes activities

the soil carbon metabolism circulation features were characterized. The relationship between root growth

soil physical structure

soil carbon metabolism enzymes activities and organic carbon sequestration under different plastic film mulching years were established to investigate the response of surface soil organic carbon to physical "recessive" degradation. The results showed that:short-term film mulching (2Y) effectively improved soil water content

total porosity

capillary porosity

reduce soil bulk density

which was 112.39%

105.65%

104.29%

90.08% of CK. As a result

the growth of fine roots and the active organic carbon contents were promoted. The contents of POC

DOC

MBC and EOC were 220.11%

129.42%

151.35% and 111.72% of those of CK

resulting in the increased total organic carbon of 137.21% compared with that of CK. Long-term film mulching (6Y) showed a "recessive" degradation of surface soil

and the deterioration of soil pore structure was dominated the growth of fine roots. The EOC and MC were decreased significantly by 46.88% and 43.54%

compared with the CK. βX

βG and CBH enzyme activities

as the dominant factors determine the variability of organic carbon storage

accounted for only 65.60%

53.08%

47.04% of CK. The damage of surface soil structure under long-term plastic mulching conditions led to the inhibition of root growth

which resulted in the decrease of soil carbon metabolism enzyme activity

carbon pool management index and organic carbon storage

which was not conducive to the long-term

stable and healthy development of soil quality. Short-term film mulching for 2 years was suitable for apple cultivation in the Longdong dry tableland. In order to provide theoretical basis for improving the adjustment vnechunism of soil physical structure evolution

soil fertility improvement

root grouth and drought-resistant cultivation technology of fruit trees in rainfed agricultual areas of the Loess Plateau.

关键词

Keywords

references

孙文泰, 马明, 董铁, 等.陇东旱塬苹果根系分布规律及生理特性对地表覆盖的响应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2016, 27(10):3153-3163.

张霞, 杜昊辉, 王旭东, 等.不同耕作措施对渭北旱塬土壤碳库管理指数及其构成的影响[J]. 自然资源学报, 2018, 33(12):2223-2237.

赵搏, 丁雪丽, 汪景宽, 等.地膜覆盖和施肥对棕壤剖面溶解性有机碳分布的影响[J]. 土壤通报, 2019, 50(4):847-853.

郝翔翔, 韩晓增, 李禄军, 等.土地利用方式对黑土剖面有机碳分布及碳储量的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2015, 26(4):965-972.

龙攀, 苏姗, 黄亚男, 等.双季稻田冬季种植模式对土壤有机碳和碳库管理指数的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(4):1135-1142.

李欣雨, 夏建国, 鄢广奎, 等.名山河流域不同土壤类型和土地利用方式下有机碳的分布特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2017, 31(3):224-230.

卜玉山, 邵海林, 王建程, 等.秸秆与地膜覆盖春玉米和春小麦耕层土壤碳氮动态[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2010, 18(2):322-326.

司鹏飞.秋季覆膜对北方旱地土壤有机碳变化及影响机制的研究[D].沈阳:沈阳农业大学, 2019.

Yuan Z Q, Jiang X J, Liu G J.Responses of soilorganic carbon and nutrient stocks to human-induced grass-land degradation in a Tibetan alpine meadow[J]. Catena, 2019, 178:40-48.

李小刚, 李凤民.旱作地膜覆盖农田土壤有机碳平衡及氮循环特征[J]. 中国农业科学, 2015, 48(23):4630-4638.

王永慧, 轩清霞, 王丽丽, 等.不同耕作方式对土壤有机碳矿化及酶活性影响研究[J]. 土壤通报, 2020, 51(4):876-884.

张俊华, 李国栋, 王岩松, 等.黄河泥沙冲/沉积区土壤有机碳不同组分空间特征及变异机制[J]. 地理学报, 2020, 75(3):558-570.

刘光崧.土壤理化分析与剖面描述[M]. 北京:中国标准出版社, 1996.

袁可能.土壤有机矿质复合体研究:土壤有机矿质复合体中腐殖质氧化稳定性的初步研究[J]. 土壤学报, 1963, 11(3):286-293.

鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M]. 北京:中国农业科技出版社, 2000.

Ghani A, Dexter M, Perrott K W. Hot-water extractable carbon in soils:A sensitive measurement for determining impacts of fertilisation, grazing and cultivation[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2003, 35(9):1231-1243.

胡海清, 陆听, 孙龙.土壤活性有机碳分组及测定方法[J]. 森林工程, 2012, 28(5):18-22.

Sinsabaugh R L, Hill B H, Shah J J F. Ecoenzymatic stoichiometry of microbial organic nutrient acquisition in soil and sediment[J]. Nature, 2009, 462(7274):795-798.

魏彬萌, 王益权.渭北果园土壤物理退化特征及其机理研究[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2015, 21(3):694-701.

于水强, 王静波, 郝倩葳, 等.4种不同生活型树种细根寿命及影响因素[J]. 生态学报, 2020, 40(9):3040-3047.

姚旭, 景航, 梁楚涛, 等.人工油松林表层土壤团聚体活性有机碳含量对短期氮添加的响应[J]. 生态学报, 2017, 37(20):6724-6731.

汪景宽, 徐英德, 丁凡, 等.植物残体向土壤有机质转化过程及其稳定机制的研究进展[J]. 土壤学报, 2019, 56(3):528-540.

Poirier V, Roumet C, Munson A D. The root of the matter:Linking root traits and soil organic matter stabilization processes[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2018, 120:246-259.

Schmidt M W I, Torn M S, Abiven S, et al. Persistence of soil organic matter as an ecosystem property[J]. Nature, 2011, 478(7367):49-56.

闫丽娟, 李广, 吴江琪, 等.黄土高原4种典型植被对土壤活性有机碳及土壤碳库的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2019, 39(15):5546-5554.

吴建国, 徐德应.六盘山林区几种土地利用方式对土壤中可溶性有机碳浓度影响的初步研究[J]. 植物生态学报, 2005, 29(6):945-953.

乐艺, 张晓雅, 高俊琴, 等.模拟干湿交替对若尔盖高寒湿地土壤呼吸及可溶性碳氮稳定性的影响[J]. 水土保持研究, 2020, 27(1):81-87.

张维理, Kolbe H, 张认连.土壤有机碳作用及转化机制研究进展[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(2):317-331.

Bolinder M A, Angers D A, Gregorich E G, et al. The response of soilquality indicators to conservation management[J]. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 1999, 79(1):37-45.

秦纪洪, 张文宣, 王琴, 等.亚高山森林土壤酶活性的温度敏感性特征[J]. 土壤学报, 2013, 50(6):1241-1245.

付桃桃.地膜覆盖和秸秆还田对农田土壤碳水化合物的影响[D].兰州:兰州大学, 2015.

浏览量

843

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

贵州省铝土矿山植被恢复短期土壤有机碳变化驱动因素

黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区不同生物结皮类型对土壤有机碳及其转化的影响

城市化对珠江三角洲存留常绿阔叶林土壤有机碳组分及其碳库管理指数的影响

东北黑土区不同覆盖作物对土壤酶活性的影响及调控机制探究

玉米与毛叶苕子及黑麦间作对土壤有机碳及其组分的影响