甘肃省不同气候类型区土壤水分特性

杨阳; 马绎皓; 赵鸿; 齐月; 张凯; 王鹤龄

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.05.029

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甘肃省不同气候类型区土壤水分特性

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 甘肃省不同气候类型区土壤水分特性
- Soil Moisture Properties of Different Climate Types in Gansu Province
- 水土保持学报 2021年35卷第5期页码：213-220
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所, 甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室, 中国气象局干旱变化与减灾重点开放实验室,兰州,730030
  2. 兰州中心气象台,兰州,730200
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "杨阳(1992-),女,硕士,研究实习员,主要从事应用气象研究。E-mail:yangyy120300@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（41975151）干旱气象科学研究基金项目（IAM201912）中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室开放基金项目（CAMF-201801）甘肃省气象局气象科研人才专项（GSMArc2019-07）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.05.029
  中图分类号： S164
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
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杨阳, 马绎皓, 赵鸿, 等. 甘肃省不同气候类型区土壤水分特性[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(5):213-220.

YANG Yang, MA Yihao, ZHAO Hong, et al. Soil Moisture Properties of Different Climate Types in Gansu Province[J]. 2021, 35(5): 213-220.
杨阳, 马绎皓, 赵鸿, 等. 甘肃省不同气候类型区土壤水分特性[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(5):213-220. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.05.029.

YANG Yang, MA Yihao, ZHAO Hong, et al. Soil Moisture Properties of Different Climate Types in Gansu Province[J]. 2021, 35(5): 213-220. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.05.029.

摘要

为揭示甘肃省不同气候区不同质地土壤的容重、田间持水量和凋萎湿度的差异，对观测资料的适用性和推广价值进行评价。通过对77个站点10—100 cm土壤水分资料的分析，结果表明：甘肃省全省的土壤容重范围为0.89~1.79 g/cm3，平均值为1.36 g/cm3，表层土壤容重与深层土壤容重差异显著（P<0.05），半湿润区、半干旱区浅层土壤容重更易受到外界环境及人为活动的干扰。甘肃省大部田间持水量由西北向东南呈增加趋势，田间持水量的最大值为36%~40%，分布在高寒湿润区10—50 cm土层，全省10 cm与20 cm土层田间持水量差异较小，相关系数为0.96，与其他层次差异较大，50 cm土层很可能是甘肃地区土壤田间持水量的分界层。各土层凋萎湿度最大值均出现在冷温带干旱区、高寒半干旱半湿润区中部，不同层次间田间持水量与凋萎湿度呈极显著相关。甘肃省全省大部分地区主要以壤土为主，除此之外干旱区主要以砂壤土为主，半干旱区主要以砂壤土与黏壤土为主，半湿润区主要以粉壤土与黏壤土为主。探讨不同气候区不同层次间土壤容重、田间持水量和凋萎湿度的差异，以期为保障地上生产力、提高水分利用效率提供数据支撑。

Abstract

Through the analysis of soil moisture data at 77 sites in Gansu Province from 10 to 100 cm

the purpose of this study was to reveal the differences in soil bulk density

field water capacity

and wilting pointunder different soil textures in different climate regions

and to evaluate the applicability and promotion of the observed data. The results showed that the soil bulk densities ranged from 0.89 to 1.79 g/cm3

with an average of 1.36 g/cm3. There was a significant difference between the bulk density of top soil and deep soil. The bulk densities of shallow soils in semi-humid areas and semi-arid areas were more likely to be disturbed by the external environment and human activities. The field water holding capacity in most area was increasing from northwest to southeast

with the maximum of 36%~40% in the 10-50 cm soil layer in the alpine humid area. The difference in field water holding capacity between 10 and 20 cm soil layers was small

with a correlation coefficient (0.96)

which was quite different from other layers

the 50 cm soil layer was likely to be the boundary layer of soil field water holding capacity. The maximum wilting point of each soil layer appeared in the arid area of the cold temperate zone and the middle of the alpine semi-arid and semi-humid area. The field water holding capacity and the wilting point of different layers were extremely significantly correlated. Most parts of Gansu Province are mainly loam

in addition

the arid area is mainly sandy loam soil

the semi-arid area is dominated by sandy loam and clay loam

and the semi-humid area by silt loam and clay loam.

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