三峡库区消落带典型草被对氮磷污染物迁移的影响

郭振勇; 李朝霞; 周怡雯; 李雪垠; 王天巍

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.05.005

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三峡库区消落带典型草被对氮磷污染物迁移的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 三峡库区消落带典型草被对氮磷污染物迁移的影响
- Effects of Typical Grass Cover on Transport of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Pollutants in Water Level Fluctuating Zone of Three Gorges Reservoir
- 水土保持学报 2021年35卷第5期页码：31-36
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 华中农业大学水土保持研究中心,武汉,430070
  2. 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司,上海,200335
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "郭振勇(1996-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事水土保持与环境生态研究。E-mail:zy_guo@webmail.hzau.edu.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（42077065）国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC0505302）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.05.005
  中图分类号： X143;S157.1
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
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郭振勇, 李朝霞, 周怡雯, 等. 三峡库区消落带典型草被对氮磷污染物迁移的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(5):31-36.

GUO Zhenyong, LI Zhaoxia, ZHOU Yiwen, et al. Effects of Typical Grass Cover on Transport of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Pollutants in Water Level Fluctuating Zone of Three Gorges Reservoir[J]. 2021, 35(5): 31-36.
郭振勇, 李朝霞, 周怡雯, 等. 三峡库区消落带典型草被对氮磷污染物迁移的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(5):31-36. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.05.005.

GUO Zhenyong, LI Zhaoxia, ZHOU Yiwen, et al. Effects of Typical Grass Cover on Transport of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Pollutants in Water Level Fluctuating Zone of Three Gorges Reservoir[J]. 2021, 35(5): 31-36. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.05.005.

摘要

为明确三峡库区消落带草被对农业面源污染防治的作用，采用野外放水冲刷试验，分析草带对地表径流中氮磷的拦截率和冲刷前后氮磷含量在土壤内的空间变化，研究消落带典型草被对氮磷污染物迁移的影响。结果表明：（1）草带拦截污染物的效率总体较好，对NO3--N的拦截率最高，达93.5%~99.3%。拦截率与草带宽度成正比，与冲刷强度成反比。（2）冲刷前后TN、TP、NO3--N和NH4+-N污染物含量的变化率最大值分别为2.30，1.96，5.01，4.75，均出现在小区下坡。随着草带宽度增加以及冲刷强度的减弱，污染物含量的变化率增大。（3）各氮磷污染物在0—10 cm土层的变化率较大，变化范围为0.91~5.01。TN、TP和NH4+-N在10—30 cm土层的变化率普遍接近1，而NO3--N在该土层依然存在较大的变化率。（4） RDA结果显示，影响冲刷前后污染物变化最大的因子是土层深度，其次是坡位、草带宽度、冲刷强度。综上，消落带草被能够有效拦截污染物并促进其向土壤内部迁移，在消落带草本植物恢复及面源污染防治过程中应注意增加消落带草被覆盖宽度，减小高强度降雨径流的影响，促进污染物在上坡位被拦截并进一步向土壤内部迁移，降低污染物向上覆水释放的风险，为三峡库区消落带草本植被恢复及农业面源污染防治提供理论依据。

Abstract

In order to clarify the effect of grass cover in water level fluctuating zone (WLFZ) on agricultural non-point source pollution control in the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR)

the field scouring experiment was conducted to analyze the interception rate of nitrogen and phosphorus in surface runoff and the spatial change of nitrogen and phosphorus content in soil before and after scouring

and the effects of the typical grass cover on the transport of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in WLFZ were studied. The results showed that:(1) Grass buffer zone intercepted pollutants with a good overall efficiency

and interception rate for nitrate nitrogen was the highest

ranging from 93.5%~99.3%. The interception rate was directly proportional to the width of grass buffer zone and inversely proportional to the scouring intensity. (2) The maximum change rates of TN

NO3--N and NH4+-N before and after scouring were 2.30

1.96

5.01 and 4.75

respectively

which all appeared in the lower slope position of the plot. With the increasing of grass buffer zone width and the decreasing of scouring intensity

the change rate of pollutant content increased. (3) The variation rates of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in 0-10 cm soil layer were larger

and the variation range was 0.91~5.01. The change rates of TN

TP and NH4+-N in 10-30 cm soil layer were generally close to 1

while the change rate of NO3--N in this soil layer was still large. (4) RDA analysis results showed that the most important factor affecting the change rate of pollutants content was the soil depth

followed by the slope position

the width of the grass buffer zone

and the scouring intensity. In conclusion

the grass buffer of the WLFZ could effectively intercept pollutants and promote their migration to the soil interior. In the process of restoration of herbaceous plants of the WLFZ and the prevention and control of non-point source pollution in the TGR

attention should be paid to increasing the coverage width of grass buffer

reducing the influence of high-intensity rainfall and runoff

promoting the pollutants to be intercepted on the up-slope and migrating to the soil

thus reducing the risk of pollutants being released into the overlying water. It could provide a theoretical basis for the restoration of herbaceous vegetation in the WLFZ and the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution in the TGR.

关键词

Keywords

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