不同来源农业废弃物堆肥进程与产品肥效研究

孙桂阳; 张国言; 董元杰

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.048

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

不同来源农业废弃物堆肥进程与产品肥效研究

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 不同来源农业废弃物堆肥进程与产品肥效研究
- Composting Process of Agricultural Wastes from Different Sources and Fertilizer Efficiency of Their Products
- 水土保持学报 2021年35卷第4期页码：349-360
- 作者机构：
  
  山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东,泰安,271018
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "孙桂阳(1997-),男,山东高密人,硕士研究生,主要从事高品质有机肥研制与应用研究。E-mail:sgy18864806061@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目（SD2019ZZ021）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.048
  中图分类号： S141.4
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
孙桂阳, 张国言, 董元杰. 不同来源农业废弃物堆肥进程与产品肥效研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(4):349-360.

SUN Guiyang, ZHANG Guoyan, DONG Yuanjie. Composting Process of Agricultural Wastes from Different Sources and Fertilizer Efficiency of Their Products[J]. 2021, 35(4): 349-360.
孙桂阳, 张国言, 董元杰. 不同来源农业废弃物堆肥进程与产品肥效研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(4):349-360. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.048.

SUN Guiyang, ZHANG Guoyan, DONG Yuanjie. Composting Process of Agricultural Wastes from Different Sources and Fertilizer Efficiency of Their Products[J]. 2021, 35(4): 349-360. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.048.

摘要

评价不同来源农业废弃物的堆肥效率与产品肥效，为高品质有机肥生产提供依据。采用室外堆肥的试验方法，选取6种动物源粪便与7种植物源农业废弃物为原料，设置13个堆肥处理，比较不同堆肥原料堆肥过程中温度、pH、C/N、腐殖酸、养分等指标差异及其堆肥产品对小白菜生长的影响。结果表明，动物源和植物源材料质量比7∶3，C/N为25∶1，含水率55%~60%的条件下进行好氧发酵堆肥，45天后各处理均可达到腐熟要求。其中TOP4（花生麸）和TOM1（牛粪）处理在腐熟过程中温度上升最快，TOP1（豆粕）、TOP3（菜籽饼）、TOM1（牛粪）、TOM3（兔粪）处理C/N最低，腐熟最彻底；TOP1、TOP4、TOM3、TOM5（鸡粪）处理全氮、碱解氮及硝铵态氮含量最高，氮磷钾总养分含量达8.9%以上。不同堆肥产品的盆栽试验发现，P4、P5和M2、M3、M4处理与CF（等氮量化肥）处理相比均显著提升小白菜品质，并降低硝酸盐含量，M5（鸡粪）在显著提升小白菜可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、维生素C的同时大大增加植株中硝酸盐含量。综上，花生麸和兔粪作为堆肥原料，其腐熟效率快且养分含量高，堆肥产品显著促进了小白菜的生长。

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the composting efficiency and product fertilizer efficiency of agricultural wastes from different sources and provide the basis for the production of high-quality organic fertilizer. Six kinds of animal manure and seven kinds of plant agricultural wastes were selected as raw materials

and 13 composting treatments were set up to compare the differences of temperature

C/N

humic acid

nutrients and the effects of composting products on the growth of Pakchoi. The results showed that the aerobic fermentation composting could meet the requirements of maturity after 45 days under the conditions of animal and plant material mass ratio of 7∶3

C/N ratio of 25∶1

moisture content of 55%~60%. Among them

TOP4 (peanut bran) and TOM1 (cow dung) treatments had the fastest temperature rise in the process of maturity

TOP1 (soybean meal)

TOP3 (rapeseed cake)

TOM1 (cow dung) and TOM3 (rabbit dung) treatments had the lowest C/N ratio and the most thorough maturity; TOP1

TOP4

TOM3 and TOM5 (chicken dung) treatments had the highest total nitrogen

alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen and ammonium nitrate nitrogen

and the total nutrient content of nitrogen

phosphorus and potassium was more than 8.9%. The pot experiment of different compost products showed that P4

5 and M2

4 treatments significantly improved the quality of pakchoi and reduced the nitrate content compared with CF (equal nitrogen fertilizer). M5 (chicken manure) significantly increased the soluble sugar

soluble protein and vitamin C of pakchoi

and significantly increased the nitrate content of Pakchoi. To sum up

the decomposition efficiency of peanut bran and rabbit manure

as composting materials

was fast

and their nutrients contents were high

composting products significantly promoted the growth of Pakchoi.

关键词

Keywords

references

吴浩玮,孙小淇,梁博文,等.我国畜禽粪便污染现状及处理与资源化利用分析[J].农业环境科学学报,2020,39(6):1168-1176.

刘晓燕,金继运,任天志,等.中国有机肥料养分资源潜力和环境风险分析[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(8):2092-2098.

付文杰.不同施肥处理对小白菜生长、产量和品质的影响[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2019.

王若斐,刘超,操一凡,等.不同碳氮比猪粪堆肥及其产品肥效[J].中国土壤与肥料,2017(6):127-134,154.

农业部.NY 525-2012,有机肥料[S].北京:全国农业技术推广服务中心,2012.

农业部.NY/T 300-1995,有机肥料[S].北京:全国土壤肥料总站,1995.

Morel T L, Conlin F, Germon J, et al. Methods for the evaluation of the maturity of municipal refuse compost[C]//Gasser J K Red. Composting of Agricultural and Other Wastes. London & New York:Elsevier Applied Science Publishers,1985:56-72.

Zucconi F, Pera A, Forte M, et al. Evaluating toxicity of immature compost[J].Biocycle,1981,22(1):54-57.

吴银宝,汪植三,廖新,等.猪粪堆肥腐熟指标的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2003,22(2):189-193.

胡雨彤,时连辉,刘登民,等.添加硫酸对牛粪堆肥过程及其养分变化的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(3):718-725.

张建华,田光明,姚静华,等.不同调理剂对猪粪好氧堆肥效果的影响[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(3):131-135.

Barrington S F, Moueddeb K E, Porter B. Improving small-scale composting of apple waste[J].Canadian Agricultural Engineering,1997,39(1):9-16.

Martin A M. Bioconversion of waste materials to industrial products[M].Springer U S,1998.

王亚飞.不同畜禽粪便堆肥过程中可培养微生物数量及腐殖质含量和酶活性的变化[D].甘肃白银:甘肃农业大学,2016.

黄国锋,钟流举,张振钿,等.有机固体废弃物堆肥的物质变化及腐熟度评价[J].应用生态学报,2003,22(5):813-818.

Zhao X, Li B Q, Ni J P, et al. Effect of four crop straws on transformation of organic matter during sewage sludge composting[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2016,15(1):232-240.

李恕艳,李吉进,张邦喜,等.菌剂对鸡粪堆肥腐殖质含量品质的影响[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(增刊2):268-274.

任静.接种菌剂对牛粪堆肥过程中微生物、酶活性及腐殖质的影响[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2013.

鲍艳宇,周启星,颜丽,等.畜禽粪便堆肥过程中各种氮化合物的动态变化及腐熟度评价指标[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(2):374-380.

李忠徽,王旭东.不同发酵辅料下牛粪腐解过程温度和养分的变化规律[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(3):471-477.

徐路魏.蔬菜废弃物堆肥化过程中碳氮转化规律[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2016.

贾程.污泥与秸秆堆肥过程中氮、磷形态变化研究[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2008.

Mkel M, Galkin S, Hatakka A, et al. Production of organic acids and oxalate decarboxylase in lignin-degrading white rot fungi[J].Enzyme and Microbial Technology,2002,30(4):542-549.

章永松,林咸永,罗安程.有机肥(物)对土壤中磷的活化作用及机理研究:Ⅱ.有机肥(物)分解产生的有机酸及其对不同形态磷的活化作用[J].植物营养与肥料学报,1998,4(2):151-155.

赵素芬,刘建新,倪姆娣.畜禽废弃物高温好氧堆肥过程中磷素的变化研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2005,24(2):384-386.

李国学,张福锁.固体废物堆肥化与有机复混肥生产[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2000.

刘秀梅,张夫道,冯兆滨,等.风化煤腐殖酸对氮、磷、钾的吸附和解吸特性[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2005,11(5):641-646.

崔亚男,张旭辉,刘晓雨,等.不同猪粪施用方式对小白菜生长、产量及品质的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2017,40(2):281-286.

丁双双,李燕婷,袁亮,等.糖醇和氨基酸对小白菜钙营养及生长、品质的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(3):744-751.

付瀚思.核酸微肥处理对芹菜生长与品质的影响[D].河南洛阳:河南科技大学,2015.

肖辉,程文娟,王立艳,等.不同有机肥对日光温室土壤剖面硝态氮含量动态变化的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2012,18(1):106-114.

熊国华.钾与尿素和有机肥配施对菜园土壤环境质量及蔬菜品质的影响[D].杭州:浙江大学,2004.

浏览量

1173

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

控释肥在盆栽棉花上的肥效研究

包膜尿素的养分释放特征及其肥效

控释肥在盆栽棉花上的肥效研究