庐山不同海拔植物季节水分利用策略

温林生; 邓文平; 邓力维; 莫兴悦; 肖廷琦; 邱凌波; 刘苑秋

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.047

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庐山不同海拔植物季节水分利用策略

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 庐山不同海拔植物季节水分利用策略
- Seasonal Water Utilization Strategies of Plants at Different Altitudes in the Lushan Mountain
- 水土保持学报 2021年35卷第4期页码：341-348
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 江西农业大学林学院, 鄱阳湖流域森林生态系统保护与修复实验室,南昌,330045
  2. 江西庐山森林生态系统定位研究站,江西,九江,332900
  3. 江西庐山国家级自然保护区管理局,江西,九江,332900
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "温林生(1996-),男,硕士,主要从事生态水文及同位素水文研究。E-mail:825906052@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  江西省林业厅科技创新专项（201808）国家自然科学基金项目（31860236）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.047
  中图分类号： S715-3
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
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温林生, 邓文平, 邓力维, 等. 庐山不同海拔植物季节水分利用策略[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(4):341-348.

WEN Linsheng, DENG Wenping, DENG Liwei, et al. Seasonal Water Utilization Strategies of Plants at Different Altitudes in the Lushan Mountain[J]. 2021, 35(4): 341-348.
温林生, 邓文平, 邓力维, 等. 庐山不同海拔植物季节水分利用策略[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(4):341-348. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.047.

WEN Linsheng, DENG Wenping, DENG Liwei, et al. Seasonal Water Utilization Strategies of Plants at Different Altitudes in the Lushan Mountain[J]. 2021, 35(4): 341-348. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.047.

摘要

为探讨在气候变化下不同海拔植物对水分的响应及植物适应性变化，选择庐山不同海拔自然演替中典型树种山鸡椒（Litsea cubeba）、蜡瓣花（Corylopsis sinensis）、山茶（Camellia japonica）和老鼠矢（Symplocos stellaris）为研究对象，采用氢氧同位素技术，基于Iso-source模型量化水源贡献比例。结果表明：（1）土壤水、植物水的δD值呈现不同的季节特征，表现为旱季δD值比雨季更加贫化；土壤水、植物水δD值的海拔效应不明显，土壤水δD值总体呈现出表层富集而深层贫化。（2）随着海拔升高，植物主要水分来源存在差异。在雨季，山鸡椒对表层（0—10 cm）土壤水分的比例呈现逐渐增加趋势，山茶对下层（30—50 cm）土壤水的比例逐渐增大，在旱季，蜡瓣花对表层土壤水的吸收比例逐渐降低。（3）植物的主要水分来源存在季节性差异，且不同海拔的同种植物表现不一。海拔1 287 m区，雨季表层（0—10 cm）土壤水分对蜡瓣花的贡献率为68.50%，旱季仅占9.00%，而对山茶的贡献率从3.10%变为76.50%；海拔1 078 m区，随雨旱交替，山鸡椒从均匀（0—50 cm）吸收土壤水变为优先利用表层（82.20%）给土壤水，蜡瓣花从主要吸收利用上层（0—20 cm，74.40%）土层变为均匀用水，山茶主要从深层转为上层（66.18%），老鼠矢从下层转向表层（86.40%）；海拔884 m区，在雨季，山鸡椒、山茶、老鼠矢主要水分来源分别是10—40 cm（88.20%），40—50 cm（91.80%）和0—50 cm，但旱季均优先利用表层。（4）土壤表层水对山茶具有一定贡献，但其贡献比例比山鸡椒、蜡瓣花、老鼠矢低，40—50 cm土壤水是其主要来源，与其他树种保持协调生长；但其他3种树种存在一定的水分竞争，且不同海拔的竞争程度不一。综上所述，植物水分来源存在海拔差异、季节效应以适应不同环境因子的限制，山茶具有与山鸡椒、蜡瓣花、老鼠矢协同的水分利用模式，山鸡椒、蜡瓣花、老鼠矢三者间存在水分竞争，且在各个海拔的竞争程度不一。本研究对亚热带地区生态系统树种配置及保护、庐山植被生态水文耦合模型的建立提供科学的理论参考。

Abstract

To explore the response of plants at different altitudes to water and the changes of plant adaptability under climate change

we chose the typical tree species

Litsea cubeba

Corylopsis sinensis

Camellia japonica and Symplocos stellaris

in the natural succession at different altitudes in the Lushan Mountain as the research objects. We used hydrogen and oxygen isotope technology

combined with the Iso-source model

to quantify the proportion of water source contribution. The results showed that: (1) The δD value of soil water and plant water showed different seasonal characteristics

and the δD value in the dry season was more depleted than in the rainy season. The altitude effect of soil water and plant water δD value was not obvious

and the δD value of soil water generally presented the surface enrichment and deep depletion. (2) As the altitude increased

the main water sources of plants were different. In the rainy season

the ratio of Litsea cubeba to the surface layer (0—10 cm) soil water gradually increased

and the ratio of Camellia japonica to the lower layer (30—50 cm) soil water gradually increased. During the dry season

the absorption ratio of Corylopsis sinensis to surface soil water gradually decreased. (3) There were seasonal differences in the main water sources of plants

and the performance of the same plants at different altitudes was also different. At the area of 1 287 m above sea level

the contribution rate of surface soil moisture (0—10 cm) to Corylopsis sinensis in rainy season was 68.50%

while only 9.00% in dry season. However

Camellia japonica’s contribution rate changed from 3.10% to 76.50%. At the area of 1 078 m above sea level

with the alternating rain and drought

Litsea cubeba changed from uniform (0—50 cm) absorption of soil water to preferential use of surface layer (82.20%) for soil water

Corylopsis sinensis changed from mainly absorbing and utilizing the upper layer (0—20 cm

74.40%) soil layer to uniform water

Camellia japonica from the deep layer to the upper layer (66.18%)

and Symplocos stellaris from the lower layer to the surface layer (86.40%). At the area of 884 m above sea level

in the rainy season

the main water sources of Litsea cubeba

Camellia japonica

and Symplocos stellaris were 10—40 cm (88.20%)

40—50 cm (91.80%)

0—50 cm; but the surface layer was used first in the dry season. (4) Soil surface water had a certain contribution to Camellia japonica

but its contribution was lower than those of Litsea cubeba

Corylopsis sinensis

and Symplocos stellaris. 40—50 cm soil water was the main water source of Camellia japonica

and it kept coordinated growth with the other three plants; however

the other three tree species had certain water competition

and the competition degree was different at different altitudes. In summary

plant water sources had the altitude differences and seasonal effects to adapt to the constraints of different environmental factors. Camellia japonica had a coordinated water use strategy with Litsea cubeba

Corylopsis sinensis

and Symplocos stellaris. Litsea cubeba

Corylopsis sinensis

and Symplocos stellaris had water competition and the degree of competition varied at different altitudes. This research provides a scientific theoretical reference for the allocation and protection of tree species in the subtropical ecosystem

and the establishment of a coupling model of vegetation eco-hydrology in Lushan Mountain.

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