生草不同条件还田对桃园土壤微生物、酶活性及养分供应的影响

郭新送; 张娟; 巩有才; 李巧玉; 杜栋梁; 陈士更; 刘同信; 马学文

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.042

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生草不同条件还田对桃园土壤微生物、酶活性及养分供应的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 生草不同条件还田对桃园土壤微生物、酶活性及养分供应的影响
- Effect of Grass Return Under Different Conditions on Soil Microorganism, Enzyme Activities and Nutrients Supply in Peach Orchard
- 水土保持学报 2021年35卷第4期页码：307-312
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 农业部腐植酸类肥料重点实验室,山东,泰安,271000
  2. 山东省产品质量检验研究院,济南,250102
  3. 山东省腐植酸高效利用示范工程技术研究中心, 山东农大肥业科技有限公司,山东,泰安,271000
  4. 肥城市农业农村局,山东,泰安,271000
  5. 山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东,泰安,271000
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "郭新送(1987-),男,山东新泰人,硕士,工程师,主要从事土壤生态学研究。E-mail:guoxinsong1028@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家"十三五"重点研发计划项目"梨树和桃树化肥减施增效关键技术与产品研发"（2018YFD0201401）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.042
  中图分类号： S154.3;S158.3
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
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郭新送, 张娟, 巩有才, 等. 生草不同条件还田对桃园土壤微生物、酶活性及养分供应的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(4):307-312.

GUO Xinsong, ZHANG Juan, GONG Youcai, et al. Effect of Grass Return Under Different Conditions on Soil Microorganism, Enzyme Activities and Nutrients Supply in Peach Orchard[J]. 2021, 35(4): 307-312.
郭新送, 张娟, 巩有才, 等. 生草不同条件还田对桃园土壤微生物、酶活性及养分供应的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(4):307-312. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.042.

GUO Xinsong, ZHANG Juan, GONG Youcai, et al. Effect of Grass Return Under Different Conditions on Soil Microorganism, Enzyme Activities and Nutrients Supply in Peach Orchard[J]. 2021, 35(4): 307-312. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.042.

摘要

为探讨桃园生草不同条件还田对土壤微生物、酶活性及有效态养分的影响，以清耕为对照，设置生草自然还田、生草刈割还田、生草刈割配施有机物料腐熟剂还田3个处理，连续开展3年定位试验。采集根际和非根际土壤，研究桃园生草不同条件还田对土壤微生物数量、土壤酶活性以及土壤不同形态氮、钾含量的影响。结果表明：生草不同条件还田提高了根际土壤微生物的数量，生草刈割配施有机物料腐熟剂还田显著提高了根际和非根际土壤细菌和真菌的数量，较其他处理分别提高21.2%~48.2%和11.7%~17.0%，生草刈割后，配施有机物料腐熟剂能加速秸秆的腐熟与微生物繁殖；与清耕对照相比，桃园生草不同条件还田均能显著提高土壤酶活性，生草刈割配施有机物料腐熟剂的土壤脲酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性、蔗糖酶活性较其他处理分别提高10.2%~45.4%，26.8%~56.9%，20.5%~30.7%；桃园生草还田对土壤养分的积累具有正效应，以生草刈割配施有机物料腐熟剂还田效果明显，其不仅增加了土壤无机态氮和有机态氮含量，减少了氮素损失，同时还显著提高土壤速效钾和水溶性钾含量，较其他处理的土壤速效钾和水溶性钾含量分别提高12.6%~15.6%和11.4%~39.1%。综上，桃园生草刈割配施有机物料腐熟剂还田为提高土壤微生物数量、土壤酶活性及氮钾养分供应的较好途径，为果园生草精细化管理提供科学依据。

Abstract

In order to investigate the effect of grass return under different conditions on soil microorganism

enzyme activities and available nutrients in peach orchard

taking the cleaning tillage as the control

grass return naturally

grass return by mowing

grass return by mowing combined with organic matter-decomposing agent were set up in this study with a 3-year experiment. The effect of grass return under different conditions on soil microbial biomass

soil enzyme activities

and different forms of nitrogen and potassium content in soils were studied by collecting rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere region soils in the peach orchard. The results showed that grass return under different conditions could all increase the rhizosphere region soil microorganism quantity. Compared with the other treatments

grass return by mowing combined with organic matter-decomposing agent improved the quantity of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere region soil bacteria and fungi significantly

which increased by 21.2%~48.2% and 11.7%~17.0% respectively. Grass return by mowing combined with organic matter-decomposing agent accelerated the decomposition and microbial reproduction of straw. Compared with the cleaning tillage

grass return by mowing combined with organic matter-decomposing agent increased soil urease

catalase and sucrose activities by 10.2%~45.4%

26.8%~56.9% and 20.5%~30.7% respectively. Grass return had a positive effect on the accumulation of soil nutrients in peach orchard

and the result was especially obvious on the grass return by mowing combined with organic matter-decomposing agent treatment

which could not only increase the contents of soil inorganic nitrogen and organic nitrogen

but also reduce the nitrogen loss. Meanwhile

it significantly increased the contents of soil available potassium and water-soluble potassium

which were 12.6%~15.6% and 11.4%~39.1% higher than those of other treatments

respectively. In conclusion

grass return by mowing combined with organic matter-decomposing agent was the better way to improve soil microbial biomass

soil enzymes activities and nitrogen and potassium nutrients supply

which could provide a scientific basis for the better management of orchard grass.

关键词

Keywords

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