旱区垄膜沟灌不同灌水量对土壤水盐及春玉米产量的影响

罗帅; 冯浩; 李成; 舒方瑜; 董勤各

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.036

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旱区垄膜沟灌不同灌水量对土壤水盐及春玉米产量的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 旱区垄膜沟灌不同灌水量对土壤水盐及春玉米产量的影响
- Effects of Different Irrigation Amounts on Soil Water and Salt and Yield of Spring Maize Under Ridge with Film Mulching and Furrow Irrigation in Arid Area
- 水土保持学报 2021年35卷第4期页码：259-266
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 陕西杨凌,712100
  2. 西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室, 陕西杨凌,712100
  3. 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌,712100
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "罗帅(1996-),男,在读硕士研究生,主要从事农业水土资源高效利用研究。E-mail:13007506208@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（51609237，51879224）国家"十三五"重点研发计划项目（2016YFC0400205）陕西省重点研发计划一般项目（2019NY-190）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.036
  中图分类号： S513;S274.1
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
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罗帅, 冯浩, 李成, 等. 旱区垄膜沟灌不同灌水量对土壤水盐及春玉米产量的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(4):259-266.

LUO Shuai, FENG Hao, LI Cheng, et al. Effects of Different Irrigation Amounts on Soil Water and Salt and Yield of Spring Maize Under Ridge with Film Mulching and Furrow Irrigation in Arid Area[J]. 2021, 35(4): 259-266.
罗帅, 冯浩, 李成, 等. 旱区垄膜沟灌不同灌水量对土壤水盐及春玉米产量的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(4):259-266. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.036.

LUO Shuai, FENG Hao, LI Cheng, et al. Effects of Different Irrigation Amounts on Soil Water and Salt and Yield of Spring Maize Under Ridge with Film Mulching and Furrow Irrigation in Arid Area[J]. 2021, 35(4): 259-266. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.036.

摘要

为了研究垄膜沟灌系统下不同灌水量对河套灌区土壤水盐运移规律及春玉米生长特性的影响，于2019年4—10月在河套灌区曙光试验站开展田间试验，通过布设5个典型灌水量（T1，200 mm；T2，275 mm；T3，350 mm；T4，425 mm；T5，500 mm），深入研究垄膜沟灌土壤水盐运移特征及其对春玉米产量和水分利用效率（WUE）的影响，尝试寻求轻度盐渍化农田的垄膜沟灌适宜灌水量。结果表明：T4与T5处理0—120 cm土层的土壤贮水量接近，T5处理的玉米耗水量显著高于其他处理。T1~T5处理垄上平均储盐量分别为48.37，26.84，19.34，21.38，22.79 t/hm2。T1、T2和T5处理垄体储盐量较播种前分别增加27.33，1.54，5.88 t/hm2，T3和T4分别减少10.04，3.42 t/hm2，积盐量呈先减少后增加的"V"形变化；200，275 mm灌水量下土壤严重缺水，储盐量高，350 mm处理的土壤水盐环境适宜，WUE最高，且产量与T4和T5处理无显著差异，425，500 mm的深层渗漏大，积盐量有逐渐升高的趋势。因此，在引黄水量减少前提下，河套灌区使用垄膜沟灌350 mm的灌水量可达到节水控盐增产的目标。

Abstract

In order to explore the effect of different irrigation amount on soil water and salt transport and growth characteristics of Spring Maize in Hetao Irrigation District (HID) under ridge with film mulching-furrow irrigation system

field experiments were carried out in Shuguang experimental station of HID from April to October

2019. Five typical irrigation amounts (T1: 200 mm

T2: 275 mm

T3: 350 mm

T4: 425 mm

T5: 500 mm) were arranged to study the characteristics of soil water and salt transport under ridge with film mulching-furrow irrigation and its effects on yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of spring maize. The results showed that the soil water storage of 0—120 cm soil layer in T4 and T5 treatments was close

and the water consumption of maize in T5 treatment was significantly higher than that in other treatments. The average salt storage in T1~T5 treatments were 48.37

26.84

19.34

21.38

and 22.79 t/hm2

respectively. The salt storage quantity of T1

and T5 treatments increased by 27.33

1.54

and 5.88 t/hm2 respectively

and T3 and T4 decreased by 10.04 and 3.42 t/hm2 so that the salt accumulation showed a "V-shaped" change. With the increase of irrigation amount

WUE first increased and then decreased

and the yield increased first and then stabilized. Under the irrigation amount of 200 mm and 275 mm

the soil was seriously short of water

and the salt storage was high. The soil water and salt environment of 350 mm treatment was suitable

where the yield and water use efficiency were high

and the deep layer leakage of 425 and 500 mm was large

and the salt storage quantity tended to increase gradually. Therefore

on the premise of reducing the amount of water diversion from the Yellow River

the irrigation amount of 350 mm under ridge with film mulching-furrow irrigation can achieve the goal of water saving

salt control and yield increase in HID.

关键词

Keywords

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